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Scientific reconstruction of the fossil marine amniots
Cettl, Karel ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Ekrt, Boris (referee)
To create a good scientific reconstruction is important artistic skills and knowledge of history painting of prehistoric animals, and also knowlages in the anatomy, zoology, palaeontology, palaeoecology and also biomechanics. Reconstruction It stands on the borderline between art and science. Our view on the fossil marine Amniotes change over time with advancing skeletal findings, and also changed a scientific reconstruction. Although the actual outputs, such as reconstruction and in particular 3D models can explain a number of new or unexplained informations about this group. A reconstruction expert can not only beautify their actions, but also enthance scientific knowledge, or even to outline a new direction for further research. Keywords: Scientific reconstruction, fossil marine amniotes, adaptation, anatomy, evolution, palaeoecology, biomechanice, 3D models, trends.
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Castorids (Castoridae, Mammalia) from the Early Miocene (MN 3) locality Ahníkov
Šmejkal, Roman ; Čermák, Stanislav (advisor) ; Mazuch, Martin (referee)
Beavers are members of Castoridae - the family of large rodents characterized by a robust skull of sciuromorphic type, a sciurognathous mandible, dentition with a tendency to hypsodoncy and incisives by uniserial microstructure. The aim of the thesis is a detailed morphometric analysis of the fossil material of beavers coming from the early Miocene (MN 3a) locality Ahníkov I, II in the Czech Republic. In the numerous material comprising 388 fragmentary specimens, all belonging to the genus Steneofiber, two distinct species were distinguished, attributed here as - Steneofiber eseri (the larger form) and Steneofiber aff. dehmi (the smaller form). Their taxonomy, systematics and assumed position within existing phylogenetic models were discussed. Key words: Castoridae, Steneofiber, Czech republic, Ahníkov, MN 3, early Miocene
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Castorids (Castoridae, Mammalia) from the Early Miocene (MN 3) locality Ahníkov
Šmejkal, Roman ; Čermák, Stanislav (advisor) ; Mazuch, Martin (referee)
Beavers are members of Castoridae - the family of large rodents characterized by a robust skull of sciuromorphic type, a sciurognathous mandible, dentition with a tendency to hypsodoncy and incisives by uniserial microstructure. The aim of the thesis is a detailed morphometric analysis of the fossil material of beavers coming from the early Miocene (MN 3a) locality Ahníkov I, II in the Czech Republic. In the numerous material comprising 388 fragmentary specimens, all belonging to the genus Steneofiber, two distinct species were distinguished, attributed here as - Steneofiber eseri (the larger form) and Steneofiber aff. dehmi (the smaller form). Their taxonomy, systematics and assumed position within existing phylogenetic models were discussed. Key words: Castoridae, Steneofiber, Czech republic, Ahníkov, MN 3, early Miocene
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Overview of the family Deinotheriidae C.L. Bonaparte, 1841 [Mammalia, Proboscidea] with direction to fossil discoveries in Czech Republic.
Šmejkal, Roman ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Wagner, Jan (referee)
This work presents the family Deinotheriidae including the subfamily Chilgatherinae. Morphological differences of teeth point to anatomical differences between the genders Chilgatherium, Prodeinotherium and Deinotherium. Further, the anatomical differences of skull and postcranial skeleton of the Deinotherinae subfamily are described. The Extension of the family Deinotherium is tied to the migration routes from Africa to Asia and Europe. The Occurrence in the Czech Republic is confirmed by 2 important discovery sites. The first one is located in Horní Ves near Franzensbad where the skeleton of the species Prodeinotherium bavaricum was discovered. The second one is located near Česká Třebová and represented by the fragments of the lower jaw of the species Prodeinotherium cuvieri. The discussion focuses on the use of the lower tusks and the method of food intake.
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Miocene fish fauna from the Cheb and Sokolov Basins: taxonomic overview and palaeoecology
Hakalová, Pavla ; Přikryl, Tomáš (advisor) ; Mazuch, Martin (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to present an overview of Miocene fish fauna of the lacustrine sediments in the Cheb and Sokolov Basins, geological settings of this area, and fish associations in individual biozones. Sediments of Cheb and Sokolov Basins were deposited during time interval from Eocene until Miocene in the subtropical zone of the North hemisphere. Volcanic and post-volcanic activities of the Ohárecký rift influenced development of these basins. It's possible define two time sections within development of these basins: early and later; both of them provide rich record of fossil fishes. For the early period of the development is typical smaller range of the lake and its shallow depth. The relicts of this stage are limited to Cheb Basin mainly. Fish fossil record is limited, with three species only: Esox sp., Palaeotinca egeriana and Leuciscus (Palaeoleuciscus) socoloviensis. Low fish diversity could have been affected by poor living conditions or lower taxonomic diversity in general during this time. The later developmental period was much longer. The lake was much bigger - it spread to Sokolov Basin also. The fish fauna diversity is much higher, including taxons Paleotinca egariana, Leuciscus (Palaeoleuciscus) socoloviensis, Aphanius chebianus, Paralebias egeranus and Gobius sp. It is...
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Review of representatives of the genus Diplocynodon [Diapsida, Crocodylia] from Czech Republic
Chroust, Milan ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Přikryl, Tomáš (referee)
The genus Diplocynodon is a basal alligatoroid with a range of endemic distribution in Europe. The oldest known founds are from Late Palaeocen and the youngest known founds are from Late Miocene. Fossils of this specimen are known also from the Czech republic. In the Master thesis were collected more than 600 founds, mostly fragmentary. In the collections of University of Vienna was found almost complete skull of probably genus Diplocynodon darwini from the Czech republic. The main goal of Master thesis is to make a complexe catalogue of Diplocynodon material from the Czech republic. Key words: Crocodylia, Diplocynodon, Czech republic
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Upperpaleozoic amphibians of Boskovice Graben in collection of the Chlupáč museum
Krejčí, Martina ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Zajíc, Jaroslav (referee)
The history of research on the Late Paleozoic amphibians at Faculty of science of Charles University in Prague coincides with the 50th of the last century, when it was acquired rich collection material from field collection prof. Špinar. This is connected with the necessity of cataloging and processing of this material. The catalog alone contains large amounts of material, 3,237 pieces of items that will be the basis for subsequent research directions in the fields of morphology, anatomy, taxonomy, biomechanic and more. The most numerous species in collections is discosauriscus austriacus.
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The upperpalaeozoic amphibians [Amphbia] of the Boskovice Graben.
Krejčí, Martina ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Zajíc, Jaroslav (referee)
The topic of bachelor thesis is upper paleozoic amphibians of Boskovice furrow. Boskovice furrow is long asymmetric furrow, which bedrock is made by rocks of moldanubicum, moravicum and brunovistulicum. Furrow is full of permocarbonifeorus sediments with relicts of mesozoic sediments in overlying rocks. In this regional unit, there is terrestrial sediment with fluvial and fluvio-limnic character, also there are coal formations. The amphibians are in a few formations. We can found only Labyrinthodontia in Boskovice furrow. We found from Labyrinthodontia representatives of two infraclasses: Temnospondyli and Anthracosauria. Final number of species in this geological unit is seven for now, but we can describe some new species in the future
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The catalogue of the mammalian fauna of pleistocenne localities in Prague area
Havlová, Tereza ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Kadlecová, Eva (referee)
More than a hundred sites were in Prague in the past, where skeletal remains of Pleistocene mammals had been found. Most of these sites were brickyards or sand pits. These pits were in operation during the second half of the 19th century and first half of the 20th century. Many awards were found during construction works as well. Most of researchers attended only several most famous sites at the time of the findings. The catalog summarizes the basic known information about majority of Prague localities and includes a list of taxa wich were found there. Key words: Prague, locality, mammals, Pleistocene, brickyards, sand pits
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Summary of the upperpalaeozoic amphibians of Czech republic
Vala, Vladimír ; Mazuch, Martin (advisor) ; Zajíc, Jaroslav (referee)
The topic of my thesis is an overview of Late Paleozoic amphibians in the Czech Republic. Stegocephalians are ancient amphibians, which evolved in the Upper Devonian and were most prevalent during the Carboniferous and Permian, some species survived into the Cretaceous. They are highlighted in the amphibian system and their anatomy is briefly described. We divide them into two large groups - Labyrinthodontia and Lepospondyli who are different in many ways, which are briefly described in my work. Stegocephalian findings are limited only to sedimentation areas of basins and furrows, in the Czech Republic to the West Bohemian basins, Piedmont basins and Boskovická furrow. In the very list of species I have tried to describe the species representing most of the known groups. Information of some species are sketchy because there are few found fossil remains, findings are in most cases incomplete, and many of these species are still the subject of research.
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