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Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy Of Doped PVDF Fibers
Smejkalová, Tereza
This work aims to further improve properties of Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), one ofthe most promising electroactive polymers, by the inclusion of powders of piezoactive materials.PVDF was formed by electrospinning into fibres with a thickness of 0.5 – 1.5μm and then examinedin a scanning electron microscope including energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The obtainedproperties of doped PVDF could be used in the design of sensors. Before that, it is essentialto perform a series of analysis to support or deny the use of adjusted fibres for sensor design.
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Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy of doped PVDF fibers
Smejkalová, Tereza ; Papež, Nikola (referee) ; Sobola, Dinara (advisor)
Tato diplomová práce zkoumá flexibilní materiál k produkci elektřiny založený na piezoelektrickém polymeru Polyvinylidenfluorid (PVDF). Inkorporací piezoaktivní keramiky lze vlastnosti piezoelektrického polymeru PVDF významně zlepšit a převést na užitečnou elektrickou energii. PVDF byl vytvořen elektrostatickým zvlákňováním do vláken o tloušťce 1,5-0,3 µm a poté studován různými analytickými metodami. Tato práce nabízí popis elektrostatického zvlákňování, přípravu vzorků a teoretický úvod do analytických metod, kterým byly vzorky podrobeny. Morfologie a distribuce nanostrukturované keramiky do polymerní matrice PVDF byla pozorována použitím skenovací elektronové mikroskopie (SEM) a energiově disperzní spektroskopie (EDX). Pro tvorbu fáze a podrobné fázové složení byly vzorky charakterizovány infračervenou spektroskopií s Fourierovou transformací (FTIR). Práce také obsahuje analýzu s použitím Ramanovy spektroskopie, metody používané k identifikaci a porovnání chemických sloučenin. Elektrické vlastnosti byly studovány dielektrickou spektroskopií a je poskytnuta korelace se složením. Jednotlivé komponenty dotovaných vláken jsou charakterizovány a vyhodnocovány v souvislosti s jejich budoucím využitím v senzorech.
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Mass Spectrometry
Smejkalová, Tereza ; Baumgartnerová, Alena (referee) ; Krhutová, Milena (advisor)
Hmotnostní spektrometrie je metoda analytické chemie používaná k analýze organických i anorganických sloučenin. O tomto tématu se běžně dozvídáme z prací týkajících se chemie, protože tato metoda může být využita k identifikaci mnoha druhů sloučenin. Vlastní fungování přístrojů používaných v hmotnostní spektrometrii ale musíme hledat ve specializovaných knihách zaměřených na tuto metodu a tyto informace jsou obvykle popsané velmi komplikovaně. Proto jsem se rozhodla napsat práci, která uvádí základní informace o hmotnostní spektrometrii z pohledu elektrotechniky, srozumitelně popisuje jednotlivé fáze této metody a která nebude zaměřena na výstup analýzy, ale na technický proces. V druhé části práce se věnuji praktickému použití hmotnostních spektrometrů v průmyslu při testování těsnosti produktů a typům testování těsnosti, vysvětluji důležité termíny a detailně popisuji spektrometr LDS3000. Mým záměrem je ukázat, že tato metoda je skutečně zajímavá a poutavá a chci ji proto představit ostatním.
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Effects of NMDA receptor modulators on cell death in models of excitotoxicity in vitro.
Strnadová, Lenka ; Smejkalová, Tereza (advisor) ; Skřenková, Kristýna (referee)
NMDA receptors are ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluR) activated by the amino acid glutamate and mediating signal transmission in the central nervous system. Their proper activity is essential for synaptogenesis, neuronal plasticity and synaptic transmission. However, excessive activation of NMDAR causes strong influx of calcium ions into neurons which triggers several destructive effects, eventually ending with cell death. This so-called excitotoxicity is present not only in many neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease, but also in acute pathophysiological conditions, such as stroke or traumatic brain injury. General NMDAR inhibitors that could potentially prevent neuronal excitotoxicity have shown severe negative side effects in models in vivo. On the other hand, selective inhibitors of NMDA receptors with the ability to block the unwanted excessive activity while preserving NMDAR physiological function have shown to be therapeutically useful. This work is going to briefly summarize the knowledge of structure, activation and localization of NMDA receptors, then it is going to describe their rule in mediating neuronal toxicity and a few methods we can use to study excitotoxicity in vitro. Finally, this work will compare the effects of several known NMDAR...
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Engineering geological and geotechnical problems of foundation of highly loaded floors in hall buildings
Chvílová, Martina ; Novotný, Jan (advisor) ; Šmejkalová, Tereza (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with geological, engineering geological and geotechnical aspects of founding (grounding) of large industrial floors. It shows typical reasons, which can cause the problems during and after the construction on the floors of hall objects. The first part of this thesis presents authors own simple classification of conditions, which are connected with construction of hall floors. The second part contains two sets of commented case studies. The short case studies in the first set originate from literature research. In the second set author presents cases that have been visited and assessed by herself. In the third part of this thesis is on the base of three numerical models shown, how the character of the subsoil affects settlements of large, heavy loaded floors. Models were created in Plaxis 2D programme.
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The use of high temporal resolution satellite data for monitoring of water quality
Šmejkalová, Tereza ; Štych, Přemysl (advisor) ; Slačíková, Jana (referee)
The use of high temporal resolution satellite data for monitoring of water quality Abstract Present study compares possibilities of sea water quality monitoring using high temporal resolution satellite data. The theoretical part describes basic principles of remote sensing, the spectral characteristics of water and their change caused by substances present in the water. The analytical modeling methods of chlorophyll-a concentration retrieval from MERIS data are described. In the study three processors are used, standard MERIS processor Case 2 Regional, FUB/Wew Water processor and FLH/MCI processor. In total 10 satellite images are processed, five for each of the two studied areas, the Golfe du Lion in France and Skagerrak and Kattegat straights in Northern Europe. As there is only limited dataset of in situ measurements available to validate the results, it is impossible to decide which of the processors is the most suitable one. It is however clear that none of the globally applicable algorithms can be as accurate as algorithms developed for the exact location and atmospheric actual conditions.
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Common Security and Defence Policy: Civilian Crisis Management of the European Union - A Geopolitical Perspective
Smejkalová, Tereza ; Hnízdo, Bořivoj (advisor) ; Kříž, Zdeněk (referee) ; Cabadová-Waisová, Šárka (referee)
The aim of my work is to apply the political-geographical or geopolitical optics to a specific foreign security activities of the EU, i.e. to put political aims and activities of political-geographical framework. In geopolitical terms, it is necessary to assess the potential and the current deployment of civilian missions. For this purpose, in accordance with the hypothesis of my work, that the civilian aspects of crisis management CSDP are based mainly on the willingness and desire of Member States in a given area or country involved should be analyzed for the three major priorities of Member States (UK, Germany and France) in civilian areas (see National Security Strategy). The work compares the current activities of EU civil security-CSDP and geopolitical intentions of the three great European powers, Germany, France and Great Britain. Civilian CSDP should concentrate in geographic areas that are of key importance to most member states and especially for three large powers. The question is whether the major European powers reflect their priorities in EU policy in its entirety or whether there are other factors that prevent them from doing so. Such factors include decisions based on consensus and the growing power of the European Commission, which defends its interests very hard in the CSDP. Large Member...
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