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Particle Character Units and Their Function in Text Structure, especially in Topic- Focus Articulation
Štěpánková, Barbora ; Hajičová, Eva (advisor) ; Panevová, Jarmila (referee) ; Pešek, Ondřej (referee)
B. Štěpánková K funkci výrazů částicové povahy ve výstavbě textu... ABSTRACT This dissertation is devoted to a specific type of particle unit which we refer to as the actualizer. Actualizers are differentiated from other particles primarily due to a combination of the following properties: the ability to imply a presupposition and the ability to actualize or emphasize a nearby expression. They play an important role in the topic-focus articulation of a sentence by drawing attention to elements with a greater degree of communicative dynamism, not only in focus or contrastive topic, but also in other parts of the sentence. Unlike previous studies which have concentrated mainly on prototypical representatives of these units, this dissertation tries to capture the greatest possible number of actualizers. At the same time, it aims to describe their semantic characteristics, and based on this, it attempts to categorize actualizers into three semantic groups. From this perspective, we can distinguish between restrictive, inclusive, and temporally emphasizing actualizers. These groups can be further divided according to their specific features. The dissertation also analyzes the possible positioning of the actualizers in various places in a sentence and investigates which expressions can occur in the surroundings...
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Functions of Emphasizing Particles
Štěpánková, Barbora
This paper deals with a specific type of particles: the so-called emphasizing particles (e.g. jen, akorát, také, hlavně, ještě). We present the properties that characterize them and on their basis we describe the functions the emphasizing particles have in a sentence: the emphasizing, rhematizing, cohering, and connecting functions. We also propose a way how to treat the particles in the newly created dictionary of contemporary Czech.
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