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Atmospheric particles and their measurement
Kantor, Radek ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Bělka, Miloslav (advisor)
The aim of this work is to find out what aerosols are, what properties they possess and how they can be measured. In today’s age, the term particles in the atmosphere, is highly talked about because it is known, that particles in the air can be inhaled and cause health problems. By measuring properties of particles from different sources, we can find out the danger level of such particles. One sample was measured by several different techniques and analyzed. Thanks to this analysis we can determine size distribution of particles and then their possible danger.
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Measurement and analysis of deposition of fibers from mineral wool in respiratory system
Hájek, Ondřej ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Lízal, František (advisor)
This master thesis deals with inhalation of fine particles and fibres into human lungs. This is a scientific field where computer modelling is used to describe the movement of fibres and their deposition in the lungs. However, the results of these simulations must be verified experimentally. The prediction of fibres behaviour is important from a toxicology point of view where it is important to know deposition hot-spots and places where fibres could possibly cause problems. The review of the state-of-the-art is focused on the deposition of particles in human lungs followed with a chapter on fibre as a type of particle, and occupational exposure limits set by different world associations. The last theoretical chapter describes human lungs and its diseases which can evolve when limits for occupational exposure are not met. The experimental chapter consists of a description of the used experimental setup and results from an experiment together with a comparison of results with other similar experiments.
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Hot water heating systems.
Prát, Michal ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Katolický, Jaroslav (advisor)
This essay summarises essential components of hot water heating systems and theirs division as consistent with geometric, material and functional options. Further here are mentioned particular possibilities of hot warer heating systems, theirs estimation in the case of pertinence operating and last but not least also comfort for one´s user.
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Transport and Deposition of Aerosol in Human Respiratory Tract
Elcner, Jakub ; Kratochvíl, Zdeněk (referee) ; Volavý, Jaroslav (referee) ; Jícha, Miroslav (advisor)
One of approaches in treatment of respiratory system diseases is the use of drug particles suspended in air in the form of aerosol. It is a fast and non-invasive method for the delivery of medicine into tracheobronchial tree or bloodstream. Although the method of the medication dosage by means of inhalers or nebulizers is well known, the effectiveness of that approach is still an actual issue. A significant amount of drugs delivered with the use of the medication dosage never reaches its primary destination and the drugs deposit in antecendent areas of respiratory tract where their presence is not required. This thesis deals with a problem of the passage of monodisperse homogenous aerosol with micron-size particles through the upper parts of the respiratory tract. This work was created with the use of numerical simulations carried out by means of the finite volume method in the commercial code based on computational fluid dynamics. Turbulence was modelled using the Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations with the two-equation eddy viscosity k-omega SST model. The main output of the thesis is the analysis of airflow in two respiratory regimes. Stationary and cyclic cases of the flow behaviour were considered and the validation of simulated results with experiments performed on similar geometries was carried out. Furthermore, the review of simplified lung models and their geometries was made and the acquired results were used for the calculation of air distribution in the respiratory tract. The last part of the thesis deals with the calculation of particle deposition and with the analysis of the results.
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Design of a space heating system with a heat pump air-water and solid fuel source for heating the family house
Španihelová, Kateřina ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Katolický, Jaroslav (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to design the heating system for the house, including the design and calculating the required quantity of heat for hot water. The specified heat sources are the heat pump air to water and solid fuel boiler. The task was to design the heating system to the fastest possible return on investment. The initial investment in a heat pump is high so it is necessary to design the heating system as efficiently as possible. The thesis contains a complete project of calculating heat loss of the building, the design of heating surfaces and their heat-technical calculation. There is included the design of the pipe system, the calculation of pressure loss and its regulation. The thesis also includes design of safety equipment, temperature regulation and drawings. On the basis of calculated data was processed economic assessment, which determines the return on investment to the heat pump. Compared to the gas condensing boiler the return on investment will ideally be after five years.
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Design of heating and ventilation system for the building with low energy costs
Halm, Petr ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Hejčík, Jiří (advisor)
The thesis is aimed on a proposal from heating sources, heating systems and ventilation of family house. Designing of a house is provided by Keeo4design. This proposal contains a complex of two houses. The first one is used for residential purposes, the other is made up of mostly parking garages. The work focuses on heat loss calculation objects. Subsequently, on a proposal from heating sources, heating systems, ventilation systems and their regulation.
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Design and comparison of a space heating systems with different heat sources in family house
Kamenský, Petr ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Katolický, Jaroslav (advisor)
Diploma thesis deals with design and comparison of heating systems. In diploma thesis is designed system with gas condensing boiler, system with heat pump and system with gas condensing boiler for heating and solar collectors for heating of hot water. Content of this thesis is calculation of house heat loss, design of radiators, design of heat systems including a check of protective components, regulation with the help of thermostatic radiator valve, calculation of economical evaluation and creation of design documentation. Design is made for systems with unified temperature fall 55/45. For the variation with heat pump is computed a possibility of using the heat pump as an univalent or bivalent heat source. In the analysis of costs is considered a usage of natural gas for heating and warming of hot water with a condensing boiler, annual consumption of electric energy for operation of electrical appliances in household, consumption of electric energy for operation of heat pump for heating and warming of hot water and consumption of electric energy for warming of hot water in case of system with solar collectors. In the final evaluation a pay-off period is determined.
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Dehumidifier
Koštuřík, Adam ; Elcner, Jakub (referee) ; Hejčík, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis shall inform readers with the theory of humid air and its dehumidification at low temperatures. Here are the basic ways to dehumidify the air and then is selected a device that is suitable for low temperature conditions. Humidity problems in refrigerated areas are also described here.
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Model of a gas pressure regulator
Bartková, Tamara ; Tuhovčák, Ján (referee) ; Elcner, Jakub (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on creating and verifying functionality of computing 3D model of a gas pressure regulator. The work contains review of different types of regulators and safety features, including descriptions of their function and main features. It also contains a description verification of the functionality of a gas pressure regulator, including measure of flow – pressure characteristics. The following part contains overview of creating a 3D computing model based on mechanical drawings. Lastly described is comparison of created model with real product.
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