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Carbocyclic analogues of nucleosides and nonnucleoside inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase
Nencka, Radim ; Hřebabecký, Hubert (advisor) ; Černý, Miloslav (referee) ; Ledvina, Miroslav (referee) ; Kefurt, Karel (referee)
!ntroduction Analogues ofnucleic acid components belong to the most successful classes oftherapeutics. Extensive modifications ofnucreobases, nucreosides and nucleotides led to the discovery ofa huge group of compounds with remarkable biological activity. The most important are perhaps the effects on various severe diseases such as cancer, leukemia or viral infectrons. The essential aim ofthis Thesis was the preparation ofbiologically active compounds related to the nucleic acid components. Since the carbocyclic anďogues ofnucleosides have been a long-time interest of our group, the first part of this work was devoted to the development of practical synthetic routes towards their new derivatives and to the synthesis of the novel analogues for further biological activity screening. However, the preliminary biological tests of the prepared compounds uncovered very promising lead to the compretely different field than it was expected. During the primer studies, I synthesized several 5,6-disubstituted uracils, initially prepared just as moder compounds for development of nover synthetic approaches towards carbocyclic nucleosides, that showed to posses outstanding inhibitory activity against thymidine phosphorylase. Therefore, the development of novel derivatives based on these findings was estabrished as a new...
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Synthesis of oligosaccharides of Dhexosamine type-potential ligands of activating receptors of NK cells
Kovalová, Anna ; Ledvina, Miroslav (advisor) ; Černý, Miloslav (referee) ; Kefurt, Karel (referee) ; Holý, Antonín (referee)
stu(trd oÍgaŮáůr' ďthercce#*' lsťÍees€pd-e fuandffig sibs.. CoNcLusroN In the course of this work, we prepared oligosaccharides containing 2-acetamido-2- deoxyglucopyranose and 2-acetamido-2-deoxygalactopyranose units and tested them for binding to NK cell receptors NKR-p1 and CD69. Branched oligosaccharides are first effective mimetics of natural ligands of CD69. We successfully completed the synthesis despite some challenging problems (multiple glycosylations, H-bonds), and we also obtained results, which contribute to the understanding of a relevant biological question. APLICABILITY AND PERSPECTIVES Although the synthesized o|igosaccharides were speciÍica||y designed as |igands for lectin receptors of NK cells, they may have other uses too. We intend to introduce linkers to the reducing position of the oligosaccharides to enable their presentation on dendrimeric structures. These multiple glycodendrimers can substitute natural multiantenar ligands. Moreover, oligosaccharides of this type might be used as a part of vector systems of new generation targeted combined chemo- and immunotheraoeutics. This Work was suppofted by grants No. 241/2013/B-CH/PřF and 416/2004/B-CH/PřF of GAUK' No. QF31 1 5/2003 of Ministry of Agricutture of cR, 203/00/0071 of Grant Agency of cR, by research project No 24 055 05O6.and...
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Carbocyclic analogues of nucleosides and nonnucleoside inhibitors of thymidine phosphorylase
Nencka, Radim ; Hřebabecký, Hubert (advisor) ; Černý, Miloslav (referee) ; Ledvina, Miroslav (referee) ; Kefurt, Karel (referee)
!ntroduction Analogues ofnucleic acid components belong to the most successful classes oftherapeutics. Extensive modifications ofnucreobases, nucreosides and nucleotides led to the discovery ofa huge group of compounds with remarkable biological activity. The most important are perhaps the effects on various severe diseases such as cancer, leukemia or viral infectrons. The essential aim ofthis Thesis was the preparation ofbiologically active compounds related to the nucleic acid components. Since the carbocyclic anďogues ofnucleosides have been a long-time interest of our group, the first part of this work was devoted to the development of practical synthetic routes towards their new derivatives and to the synthesis of the novel analogues for further biological activity screening. However, the preliminary biological tests of the prepared compounds uncovered very promising lead to the compretely different field than it was expected. During the primer studies, I synthesized several 5,6-disubstituted uracils, initially prepared just as moder compounds for development of nover synthetic approaches towards carbocyclic nucleosides, that showed to posses outstanding inhibitory activity against thymidine phosphorylase. Therefore, the development of novel derivatives based on these findings was estabrished as a new...
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Fluorescent nanodiamonds: The new platform for construction of chemo- and biosensors
Cígler, Petr ; Ledvina, Miroslav ; Tvrdoňová, Monika ; Řezáčová, V. ; Nesládek, M. ; Kratochvílová, Irena ; Fendrych, František ; Štursa, Jan ; Kučka, Jan ; Ráliš, Jan
Over the past few years, fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) have been recognized as potential fluorophores for use in bioimaging, owing to their unique and attractive chemical and particularly spectral properties. The source material for their preparation, synthetic nanodiamond (ND), is non-expensive and commercially available. Notably, NDs have the highest biocompatibility of all carbon nanomaterials and their surface can be chemically modified by various techniques. FNDs are capable of fluorescing with almost quantitative quantum yields from point defects of crystall lattice - nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers. In particular, the long-wavelength emission, high brightness, no photobleaching, no photoblinking, and an exceptional resistance to chemical degradation make them almost ideal core for development of fluorescent bioimaging probes.
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