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Education as a part of modern nursing in patients with heart failure
CHÁROVÁ, Martina
Introduction: The submitted bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of education of patients with heart failure syndrome. The theoretical part mainly contains a brief insight into the anatomy and physiology of the heart, which is followed by a detailed description of the heart failure syndrome, its division according to various criteria, types of its diagnosis, clinical symptoms, its consequences and methods of treatment. The theoretical part also contains the theoretical basis with an emphasis on modern methods of patient education in general, including special procedures for the education of patients with heart failure syndrome. The theoretical part on education also discusses, among other things, the possibilities of using information and communication technologies in patient education and the involvement of the aforementioned technologies in the care of patients with heart failure and in their treatment, i.e. the use of a remote version of education, monitoring and implementation of treatment. Target: The empirical part of the work deals with the influence of education on the awareness of patients with heart failure and the level of their knowledge about the said disease. The methodology: To carry out the research, a special questionnaire was created, through which data was obtained documenting the level and quality of currently conducted education of patients regularly visiting heart failure clinics, the extent of their knowledge about the mentioned disease, and the respondents' satisfaction with the content of the education and the methods of its implementation. Since the created hypotheses following the established research questions work significantly with the gender of the respondents, the aforementioned questionnaire contained a question regarding the gender of each individual respondent. The results: The answers of the respondents, obtained from several specialized workplaces, were subsequently subjected to statistical investigation. The results of the evaluation show that the gender of the respondents does not significantly affect the degree of their education and does not play a fundamental role in the evaluation of how satisfied the patients are with the education provided. Conclusion: On the basis of the obtained results, graphs were prepared, illustrating in detail the evaluation of the respondents' answers to the individual parts of the created questionnaire. The results of the work can serve as study material for any health professional or student who shows a deeper interest in this issue.
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Care of a patient with mental disorder from the perspective of a health worker in a social care facility
HRÁDKOVÁ, Denisa
The bachelor thesis is titled "Care for patient with mental disabilities from the perspective of healthcare worker in a social care facility". The first aim was to map the application of healthcare workers' competencies within social facilities. The second aim was to identify the needs of patients with mental disabilities in a selected social facility. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and an empirical part. In the theoretical part, the definition, etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, and degrees of mental disability are described. This part also includes the bio-psycho-social-spiritual needs of patients and addresses the provision of healthcare, the duties of healthcare personnel, and the social facility itself. The empirical part was processed through qualitative research using semi-structured interviews. The research sample consisted of nine nurses working in selected social facilities. To achieve the set objectives, seven research questions were created. In the qualitative research investigation of this bachelor thesis, it was found that nurses in social facilities do not have the competence to perform intravenous therapy. Their competencies are applied in administering oral medications and wound care. Furthermore, from the conducted interviews with the nurses, it was revealed that all of the bio-psycho-social-spiritual needs of patients are adequately met in social facilities. The output of the study is an informational material intended for the general public, nurses working with mentally disabled individuals, student education, and family members of persons with disabilities. Additionally, the thesis will serve as a basis for further possible quantitative research that would verify the data obtained or as a source of information in the reconstruction of health and social facility standards.
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nomophobia in nurses
GROMSKÁ, Veronika
Nomophobia in nurses Abstract Introduction: this bachelor thesis focuses on the prevalence of nomophobia in nurses. The theoretical part deals with addiction, anxiety, description of nomophobia and the occurrence of nomophobia in healthcare. Nomophobia in nurses is a very serious problem, as due to the frequent use of mobile devices, negative consequences such as postponing important tasks, hoarding tasks or distraction occur. Aim: The aim of this study was to map the prevalence of nomophobia in nurses working in intensive care units and standard wards and also to map the effect of nurses' education on the prevalence of nomophobia. Methodology: Data were collected using a standardized Nomophobia questionnaire (NMP-Q). 80 (100 %) questionnaires were distributed and the overall return rate was 61 (76.25 %) questionnaires. Results: out of the total 61 nurses (100 %), every nurse showed some degree of nomophobia. The largest number of nurses, namely 36 nurses (59 %) were found to have a moderate degree of nomophobia. 22 nurses (36 %) were found to have a moderate degree of nomophobia and 3 nurses (5 %) were found to have a severe degree of nomophobia. The results also showed that nurses from standard wards showed a higher degree of nomophobia than nurses who worked in intensive care units (p = 3,9 %). It was also found that the degree of nomophobia did not differ among nurses according to their level of education. Nurses with both secondary and tertiary education showed the same degree of nomophobia (p = 20,5 %). Conclusion: The contribution of this bachelor thesis should be insight into the topic of nomophobia in nurses and the impact of nomophobia on the quality of care provided. This thesis should offer nurses a material that summarizes everything that is related to this issue and at the same time the thesis can serve employers of health care institutions to motivate nurses more.
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The issue of prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients
BERNATÍKOVÁ, Andrea
Abstract: This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients. Aims of the thesis: Find out which interventions nurses are practicing to prevent pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients. Explore the nurses' experience in treating pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients. Methodology and research set: To achieve the objectives, research questions were created. What are the interventions used to prevent pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients? What is the experience of nurses in treating pressure ulcers in the selected institutes? The empirical part of this bachelor´s thesis was created using a qualitative research method. The data was collected using semi-structured interviews which were conducted with nurses at selected departments of three hospitals in the South Bohemian Region. The research sample "nurses" consists of 15 nurses in total, each with a minimal experience of 3 years. The interviews were complemented by a long-term direct, participant observation involving 5 nurses from one of the three South Bohemian hospitals in the selected department. The data obtained were processed using the pen and paper interviewing method (PAPI). Open coding was used and the data were then sorted into eight categories and 15 subcategories. Results: The results of the survey showed that the nurses encounter the issue of pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients almost on daily basis. Nurses were able to list the interventions used in the prevention of pressure ulcers among the geriatric patients. Our investigation revealed that some nurses did not take the same action in practice when compared to their statements and described their practices in treating pressure ulcers among geriatric patients only in theory. They are knowledgeable about treating pressure ulcers patients but in practice they do not abide by certain principles. These include the use of protective equipment during bandaging, adherence to indications, communication with the patient, monitoring the patient's general condition, maintaining sterility, supervision and care of the area around pressure ulcers. Recommendations for practice: We recommend the inclusion of more courses about the topic of pressure ulcers in nurse education as it is essential to have sufficient information and regular education to provide quality care. We also recommend that in addition to theoretical knowledge nurses should be given practical training in the prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers.
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SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF TAXI SERVICE RIDES IN THE VLAŠIM REGION USING GPS TECHNOLOGY
HOLADA, Tomáš
This bachelor thesis deals with the spatial layout of taxi service rides in the Vlašim region using GPS technology. In the introductory part, the bachelor thesis itself is presented and its goals are described and explained here. The next part is devoted to literature concerning transport, spatial mobility, alternative modes of transport and the importance of taxi service in the region. As a part of the research, taxi rides were mapped in two seperate periods, namely July and October of 2021. After obtaining the necessary data, the analysis was performed and its results are presented in the analytical part of the thesis. Firstly, attention is paid to the frequency of rides depending on the distance and then the most frequently served locations and important connections between locations surroung Vlašim are presented. Furthermore, the busiest days of the week are selected, and finally the results of both periods are compared. The research shows that in both mapped periods the 5 kilometer distance was most frequently used. In addition, the ten most served locations are nearly the same in both periods but their order changes. The thesis tries to justify these facts on the basis of information provided by the taxi drivers of the monitored taxi service. The largest amounts of individual trips were registered when driving around the city, even though several times more kilometers were driven outside the city. The busiest days are Fridays and Saturdays, both in terms of the number of trips made and the number of kilometers driven. The entire research part is accompanied by graphical and map outputs.
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Working with School Curriculum and Teaching Geography in Secondary Schools (Lower Secondary Education)
KALINA, Matyáš
The year 2007 marked the transition to a two-level system of educational documents for Czech education, which many described as a revolution. To this day, however, it is evident that for many schools and teachers this change took place only on paper, which also negatively affects the teaching of geography. This work provides an insight into the topics of working with school curriculum and teaching geography from the point of view of lower secondary education geography teachers. The theoretical part is devoted to the history and current system of Czech educational documents. The theory of geography teaching is also outlined. In the practical part, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 geography teachers, which made it possible to deepen the understanding of teaching geography and working with school curriculum. Due to the small number of interviewed teachers, the results cannot be considered representative, despite this, the work confirmed the formality of school curricula to a certain level. In many cases, the work of teachers and schools with school curriculum remains very shallow. The character of geography teaching contains significant differences among the teachers, the Czech educational system is highly differentiated. The research also pointed out the weak positions of human geography and fieldwork in the geography education at lower secondary education. The semi-structured interviews contained a total of 18 segments, 9 on working with school curriculum and 9 on selected aspects of geography teaching.
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Urinary Incontinence After Delivery
JANDOVÁ, Markéta
The bachelor thesis is focused on the topic of urinary incontinence in women after childbirth. The thesis is composed of a theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis describes the anatomy and physiology of the urinary tract and micturition. Furthermore, attention is paid to urinary incontinence, its classification, risk factors, diagnosis, and incontinence aids. Finally, the treatment of urinary incontinence is briefly summarized. One goal was set for the practical part of the bachelor thesis. To determine the frequency of urinary incontinence in women who have had their last childbirth 2-15 years ago. Five hypotheses were formulated for this goal. H1: Women who suffered from obesity during childbirth (body mass index equal to or greater than 30.0) do not suffer from urinary incontinence after childbirth more often than women who did not suffer from obesity during childbirth. H2: Women who gave birth to a child with a birth weight over 3,500 g suffer from urinary incontinence more often than women who gave birth to a child with a birth weight under 3,500 g. H3: Women after vacuum extraction or forceps delivery do not suffer from urinary incontinence more often than women who did not give birth using these methods. H4: Women who had birth injuries do not suffer from urinary incontinence more often than women who did not have any injuries during childbirth. H5: Women who gave birth more than 8 years ago were less educated about urinary incontinence by the midwife than women who gave birth less than eight years ago. The goal was achieved through a quantitative research survey using their own online questionnaires. The questionnaire contained 21 questions. Sixteen questions were closed, three semi-closed questions where it was possible to mark more answers including "other:" and two open questions. Statistical processing of all questionnaires took place in Microsoft Excel. The research sample consisted of 393 women who gave birth to their last child more than two years ago and no more than fifteen years ago. Of the total of 393 respondents, 217 women reported experiencing urinary leakage and 176 women reported no urinary leakage. The research survey showed that more than half of the respondents, i.e. women 2-15 years after childbirth, experience urinary leakage. It was also found that women are very poorly educated about this issue by the midwife. Of the total of five hypotheses, only hypotheses H1, H3, and H4 were confirmed. Hypotheses H2 and H5 were not confirmed. No dependence was demonstrated for any of the hypotheses. It was found that the level of information was the same for women who gave birth less than eight years ago and for women who gave birth more than eight years ago, and it was very low.
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Birth Positions, Formerly and Today
ROBAUSCHOVÁ, Magdaléna Anna
This bachelor thesis focuses on comparing the used birthing positions in the past and present. The thesis is divided into two main parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part describes the evolution of obstetrics and the development of birthing positions used from prehistoric times to the present day. The physiological process of childbirth is briefly described, including the stages of labor. The thesis also includes a description of the role of a midwife during childbirth. Some alternative methods in obstetrics are also mentioned. The thesis also provides a more detailed description of the individual positions that can be used during childbirth. Two main goals were defined for the practical part. The first goal was to find out which positions women are interested in during childbirth today. The second goal was to compare the difference in the choice of positions during childbirth today compared to positions used in the past. A quantitative research survey was used to achieve the set goals through a self-constructed questionnaire, which was distributed in paper form. The questionnaire consisted of a total of 21 questions, of which 15 were closed, 2 were open, and 4 were semi-closed. Data processing, along with graphical and tabular evaluation, was subsequently performed using Microsoft Excel. The research sample was one and consisted of women who had given birth at least once in their life, but not by caesarean section. The respondents were then divided into three categories to compare their answers in a defined time frame. The first category consisted of women who gave birth between 2018 and 2023. This group was represented by 62 women out of a total of 176 respondents. The second group included women who gave birth between 1994 and 2017, which included 49 women. The last category consisted of women who gave birth at least 30 years ago, in 1993 or earlier. This category included 65 women. Based on the defined goals, three hypotheses were then established. Only two groups of women were compared in the evaluation due to the wording of the hypotheses. The first group consisted of women who gave birth between 2023 and 2018, and the second group included women who gave birth in 1993 or earlier. H1: Women today have the opportunity to choose their own birthing positions compared to women who gave birth thirty years ago. H2: Women who gave birth thirty years ago did not have information about birthing positions in the first stage of labor compared to women giving birth today. H3: Women giving birth nowadays are more interested in using various positions during the second stage of labor than women who gave birth thirty years ago. Based on the results of the research survey, hypotheses H1 and H3 were confirmed, and hypothesis H2 was rejected.
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Prevention of Postoperative Complications in Women after Caesarean Section
MUNKOVÁ, Eliška
The bachelor thesis deals with the prevention of postoperative complications in women after caesarean section. The thesis was divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part of the bachelor thesis explains the problems of caesarean section and its definition, history, indications, surgical techniques and types of anaesthesia that could be used during this operation. Last but not least, the thesis focuses on possible postoperative complications associated with caesarean section and on preventive steps for postoperative complications. At the same time, the theoretical part deals with the care provided by the midwife to the woman before, during and after the procedure. The aim of the qualitative research part was to find out what is the prevention of post-operative complications in a woman after caesarean section. One research question was set and that was: what care midwives provide to women after caesarean section in the prevention of post-operative complications. The data collection was done during the month of February and March 2023. Two research sets were set. The first research set was midwives working in the six-week care unit, providing care to women after caesarean section. The second research set was women who had a history of but-at least one caesarean section. Midwives PA1-PA9 and women I1-I8 agreed to provide a semi-structured interview. In the semi-structured interview, midwives were asked a total of 10 questions regarding the preventive measures they provide to women in their post-operative care. Women were asked 15 questions and were asked about their experiences of the post-operative care provided. After the interviews were transcribed verbatim, they were analysed by colouring the text. The midwives' and women's responses were coded and the main categories and their sub-categories emerged from the data analysis. The categories of midwives' data were titled: Care of the woman after SC and Postoperative complications. The women's data categories were called: Pre-operative phase, Post-operative phase, and Care provided. The research findings revealed that midwives working in the six-week care unit care for the woman after surgery by monitoring her health status to prevent postoperative complications along with education. As part of their continuing education, they regularly attend seminars on the prevention of post-operative complications and the care to be given to women after a caesarean section. This bachelor thesis could provide midwifery students with inspiration to improve the quality of care provided to the woman. Despite the significant positives of the results obtained, the research part also revealed shortcomings in the care provided after caesarean section. The shortcomings were mainly found in ineffective communication between the midwife and the woman, as well as inadequate education.
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Education of Women by Midwife in the Preoperative Period
TRUXOVÁ, Natálie
The bachelor thesis focuses on the education of women by midwife in the preoperative period. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part includes the topic and classification of gynecological surgeries, as well as the division of the perioperative period, with a detailed focus on the preoperative period, its organization, course, and procedures associated with it. Finally, the theoretical part deals with the concept of education, educational methods, goals, and the relationship between the midwife and the educated women. The practical part of the thesis aimed to determine, how midwives educate women in the preoperative period. Qualitative research was conducted using anonymous semi-structured interviews. The research was carried out from February to March 2023 and data was collected from gynecology units in hospitals in České Budějovice, Liberec, and Jablonec nad Nisou. Two research samples were used: the first sample consisted of midwives who educate women in the preoperative period, and the second consisted of women who underwent gynecological surgery. Interviews with the informants were conducted with their expressed consent and were anonymous. The interviews were recorded on audio. The interviews consisted of eight basic questions and additional follow-up questions for midwives, and ten basic questions and additional follow-up questions for women. The acquired data were transcribed and subsequently analyzed using color coding. To evaluate the data, main categories and subcategories were established and included in the research section of the bachelor thesis. The first research sample consists of main categories (Education, Process of Education in the Preoperative Period) that contain subcategories (Importance of Education, Development of an Educational Plan, Education in the Preoperative Period, Women's Cooperation during Education, Feedback from Women after Education). In the second research sample, there are main categories (Education, Behavior of woman), which are further divided into subcategories (Process of Education, Change in Women's Attitude after Education, Perception of Education from the Midwife Assistant). The first research question aimed to investigate how women evaluate the knowledge they acquire. Informants Ž2, Ž3, Ž4, Ž5 were very satisfied with their education as a midwife and considered the acquired knowledge to be sufficient. The information was communicated to them clearly. However, informant Ž1 who received education from a midwife was dissatisfied. Informant Ž1 did not receive education in the preoperative period, which had a negative impact on her mental state. The overall communication between her and the midwife was also problematic. The second research question focused on how midwife educate women in the preoperative period. In the preoperative period, most of informants stated that they first educate about the functioning of the department, its equipment, and spaces. All informants further described how their education in the preoperative period proceeded. The education provided by all midwives was consistent and included all necessary aspects. The education of midwives included information regarding nutrition, elimination, hygiene, sleep, and pre-medication.
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