|
|
Extraction of Tall Soap by Use of Selected Organic Solvents
Rousková, Milena ; Heyberger, Aleš
The aim of this study was to compare yields of phytosterols by use of liquid-liquid-extraction when several extraction solvents, recommended in literature sources, were used. Hexane, limonene, isobutanol, methyl isobutyl ketone and methyl tert-butyl ether were tested. These solvents differ in polarity. Largest yields of total phytosterols (67%) and especially of the beta sitosterol (89%) were reached when isobutanol was used. Disadvantages of most of the tested solvents were formation of the undesirable solid interphase, which could not be removed, their partial solubility in water phase and/or their high boiling point.
Fulltext:  PDF
|
|
|
Effect of pH Adjustment on Hexane Extract Composition at Liquid-Liquid Etraction
Rousková, Milena ; Heyberger, Aleš ; Tříska, Jan ; Cvengroš, J. ; Kleinová, A.
Tall soap is a by-product of the sulphate process in pulp and paper production. In the Czech Republic it is utilized only as an energy source. It can serve also as a source of valuable components, e.g. phytosterols, which have positive effect on human health (decreasing of cholesterol content in blood, cardiovascular diseases, some types of cancer etc.). These substances can be separated by liquid-liquid extraction. Its applicability is limited by high content of emulsifiers in the raw material. It can be eliminated by decreasing the pH of the tall soap solution by mineral acid. This partial acidification has a positive effect on both hydrodynamics of the extraction process and the increase of distribution coefficients of individual compound groups, which can affect the composition of the output phases. Further experiments were carried out to refine phytosterols by the use of wiped-film molecular evaporator. Two different levels of pH of processed tall soap were used.
|
|
|
Recovery of Phytosterols from Tall Soap Using Liquid-Liquid Extraction
Rousková, Milena ; Heyberger, Aleš ; Tříska, Jan
Tall soap is a side-product in the Kraft process of the paper and pulp production. The most frequently tall soap is processed in paper technology for chemicals recovery and as a fuel. It contains also phytosterols that have medically proved positive effect on human health, especially on cardiovascular diseases and some types of tumour illnesses. Phytosterols can be isolated from the mixture by either energy consuming distillation or by gentle liquid-liquid extraction. The topic of interest is focused on tall soap processing for phytosterols’ yield maximalization by application of special constructed device – vibrating plate extractor.
|
|
|
Extraction of Phytosterols from Tall Soap Using a Selected Organic Solvents
Rousková, Milena ; Heyberger, Aleš ; Volaufová, Eva ; Tříska, Jan ; Krtička, M.
The contribution is focused on the extraction separation of the neutral part from tall soap from the paper mill Mondi Business Paper SCP, s.c. Ružomberok (Slovak republic). Dependences of the total amount of extracted phytosterols and ß-sitosterol on the applied extraction agent were studied. Hexanol, isobutanol, methyl isobutyl ketone, butyl acetate, limonene and hexane were tested. Yields of sterols with the regard to the type of deemulsifier used in the extracted system were compared as well. Acidity of the feeded tall soap-water-deemulsifier, modified by sulphuric acid addition before neutral components extraction, was analyzed as a further parameter. Study of the influence of elevated temperature on the extraction efficiency, was also one part of the work.
|
|
|
Tall Soap - Undesirable Waste at Paper Production or Valuable Raw Material?
Rousková, Milena ; Tříska, Jan ; Heyberger, Aleš
The paper and pulp industry is due to its huge production capacity source of a big amount of waste - tall soap. This material is often utilized as a not very valuable source of energy, even though it contains many compounds applicable in the chemical, pharmaceutical, food or cosmetics industry. It comprises of a high proportion of fatty and resin acids, used as additives to grease, adhesives, resins, paints or inks. Long-chain aliphatic alcohols serve medical purposes, mainly for atherosclerosis treatment. Phytosterols belong to the most valuable substances contained in the tall soap. These compounds are being applied for hypercholesterolaemia and some types of cancer, they also have a significant therapeutic effect on the cardiovascular and immune systems. Waste tall soap is potentially a very valuable source of a broad spectrum of substances.
|
|
| |
|
| |
guest ::
