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Regularities of the distribution of rapid cooling events in Czechia and their causis
Čašek, Matěj ; Müller, Miloslav (advisor) ; Křížová, Milada (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of rapid day-to-day drops of air temperature. The research part of the thesis is focused on physical-geographical factors that affect the air temperature. Furthermore, the most common methods used to detect interdiurnal changes in air temperature are presented. Abrupt drops in air temperature were detected on the basis of the maximum and minimum daily air temperature at a total of 33 meteorological stations for the period from 1st January 1970 to 31st December 2019. The aim was to describe the regularities of the distribution of extreme drops in air temperature in both temperature characteristics, and to describe the influence of different physical-geographical conditions on the magnitude and seasonality of decline events. The thesis also describes the influence of the prevailing weather situation (according to HMÚ typing) on extreme decreases in both temperature characteristics. It was proved that the shape of the relief has a significant effect on the seasonality of decreases, especially the minimum air temperatures. Stations on convex relief are characterized by a more balanced distribution of these events during the year, while at stations on concave relief there are the largest decreases in the minimum air temperature, especially in winter. The influence...
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Extreme daily temperature range in Czechia in 1961-2007
Maňhal, Daniel ; Pokorná, Lucie (advisor) ; Lhotka, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis deals with the extreme daily temperature range (DTR) during the period 1961-2007 for the extended winter season, based on an analysis of the daily series from 49 climatological stations in the Czech Republic. The aim of the research was to find the frequency of the extreme DTR in the individual months and describe the effect of the sunshine, the snow cover and the altitude on the magnitude of the extreme DTR. Moreover, the work focused on the identification of typical synoptic situations, during the days with extreme DTR. During the study period, 1746 days with extreme DTR were detected at least at one climatological station. The extreme DTR occurred most often in March in the anticyclonic situations. During the days with strong wind, the eastern flow direction prevailed anticyclonic situations whereas the western direction prevailed cyclonic situations. The highest values of the extreme DTR generally occurred in the lowlands since the magnitude of extreme DTR decreased with increasing altitude. In general, the values of extreme DTR were reduced (by 0,2 řC on average) during the days with snow cover. Cloud cover had a similar effect, the mean difference of extreme DTR between cloudy days (defined as days with sunshine duration less than 1 h/day) and sunny days was 0,5 řC. The acquired...
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