|
|
The influence of roots on the chemical properties of the apoplast and the rhizosphere
Puldová, Kristýna ; Fendrych, Matyáš (advisor) ; Šámalová, Markéta (referee)
Chemical properties of the apoplast and rhizosphere are crucial for plant development and its overall well-being. Apoplast includes space outside the plasma membrane and its content, such as gas, water, and solutes. Changes in apoplast properties significantly influence various processes. One of them is cellular growth - the pH-dependent extension of cell walls. The rhizosphere is the soil environment near and under the influence of roots. It is characterised by abiotic factors like the availability of nutrients and toxic compounds. It is also a space with a high representation of microbiome communities. Plants can significantly influence the chemical properties of both apoplast and rhizosphere to improve their growth conditions. This thesis summarises the most important mechanisms of plants' roots that change these chemical properties, focusing on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. It shows how and where these mechanisms intersect and in which way they influence each other. Emphasis is placed on the process of growth regulation and mechanisms of increasing nutrient availability. Keywords: apoplast, rhizosphere, H+ ATPase, root growth, rhizodeposition, root exudates, nutrients, microbiome
|
|
|
The role of plant root exudates for soil carbon sequestration
Bourdais, Lukáš ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Tylová, Edita (referee)
Global climate change is a process that affects us all today and will continue to affect us with increasing intensity in the future. An important way to reduce the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is the sequestration of carbon in pools other than the atmosphere, primarily in the soil pool. One way to achieve this is by increasing the carbon sequestration into the soil biomass using root exudates. Root exudates are released by plant roots into the soil to be beneficial to the plant and are also a good source of carbon for the rhizosphere (the soil in the immediate vicinity of the root system affected by its exudates). The rhizosphere is thus a suitable environment for microorganisms that play a major role in the soil carbon sequestration. In this thesis, I describe the composition and the role of root exudates for the plant, the importance of root border cells and border-like cells, the importance of exuded carbon coumpounds for microorganisms in the soil and their importance for carbon sequestration and CO2 mineralization in the soil. The role of root exudates and microorganisms in the soil carbon cycle is discussed with an emphasis on mineral-associated soil organic carbon and soil aggregates. This thesis also discusses the role of exudates for the rhizosphere priming effect and its...
|
|
|
Vliv kořenových exudátů na dekompozici rozpuštěné organické hmoty v rašeliništi
ŽAMPACH, Ondřej
The aim of this thesis was to assess the effect of root exudates on the biodegradability of dissolved organic matter. The experiment was done in laboratory conditions, using the dissolved organic matter sampled in a spruce swamp forest located in Šumava National Park and an artificial mixture of root exudates prepared according to known composition of root exudates released by peatland plants. Main hypothesis was that the input of root exudates into the peatland pore water will affect decomposition of less-degradable dissolved organic matter, with the resulting effect dependent on the quantity and quality (C:N ratio) of the input.
|
guest ::
