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Freeze-thaw processes, temperature and moisture trends in earth hummocks
Kodríková, Anna ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Treml, Václav (referee)
Earth hummocks are nonsorted patterned ground types. This thesis is primary focused on the study of temperature regime particularly during freeze-thaw process and also on factors that affect its non-uniformity. Secondary, it refers to the relation between temperature and moisture regime, morphometric characteristics of earth hummocks and their geographical expansion in the world. The information from the literature search is applied to the results from temperature and moisture measurements of the earth hummocks in depths 5 - 40 cm in the Hrubý Jeseník Mountains - Keprník peak in 2005 - 2010. The results show that many factors affect the non-uniformity of temperature regime in different parts of earth hummocks. The most important of them are: the shape of the earth hummock, the aspect orientation, the distribution and the height of snow cover, the wind exposure and the presence of vegetation. There is an interaction between the soil moisture content and the temperature regime, and they are mutually affected. The obtained results from the Keprník study area are compared with the literature data about the earth hummocks in the world. Key words: patterned ground, earth hummock, temperature regime, moisture, regelation, Keprník peak, Hrubý Jeseník Mountains
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Thermal and moisture regime of patterned ground in the High Tatras
Pechačová, Blanka ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Engel, Zbyněk (referee)
6 ABSTRACT Thermal and moisture regime of patterned ground is closely associated with the presence of the regelation phenomenon. Generally, the regelation includes all processes leading to the water freeze-thaw alternations in soil or bedrock. As a result of cyclic freezing and thawing of soil water under specific conditions, processes, such a moisture migration, ice segregation or frost heaving, operate. Termal and moisture regime is the main factor of these processes and consequentely, of the patterned ground formation. The submited diploma thesis is concerned with thermal and moisture regime of patterned ground in the High Tatras. The main aims of the thesis was to characterize thermal and moisture regime of patterned ground, to evaluate and confront the patterned ground regelation activity depending on the diverse soil depths and different types of the patterned ground and to evaluate the soil temperature relationship to the air temperatures, soil moisture content and the water level regime of the nearest lakes. The partial purpose of the thesis was to assess the applicability of different methods of the regelation cycle determination based on the soil temperature measurements. During the study period 2007 - 2012 the regelation activity of sorted paterned ground (Hincove oká, Lúčne sedlo and Skalnaté...
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Regelation of patterned ground in the High Tatras.
Pechačová, Blanka ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Voják, Karel (referee)
Regelation (freeze-thaw cycles) is the collective term used for a process of alternate freezing and thawing of water and solutions into the soil or bedrock. The series of geomorphological and pedological processes such as migration of soil water, formation of segregated ice or frost heaving, is connected with regelation. Condition of freezing-thawing process is a phase transition of water that leads to an important phenomenon - a release or consumption of latent heat. This phenomenon can be observed from the data obtained by measuring the temperature in the soil profile. In the present bachelor thesis, here are investigated sites of sorted patterned ground (Hincovo pleso, Lučné sedlo) and earth hummocks (Kopské sedlo) in the High Tatras for the purposes of the study regelation process. In addition to detailed description of the physical-geomorphological processes associated with phase changes of water in patterned groud, the main aim of the thesis is to set regelation cycles and their characteristics using different methods for determination of regelation on the basis of temperature measurements in patterned groug of the foregoing locations. The results indicate differences in regelation in the individual shapes within the locations, among the sites, but also between different types of patterned groud -...
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Spatial distribution of vegetation species on the earth hummocks on Mt. Keprník and Mt. Praděd in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts.
Kodríková, Anna ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Sklenář, Petr (referee)
This thesis focuses on spatial distribution of vegetation species on the earth hummocks on Mt. Keprník and Mt. Praděd in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts., the relationship of the spatial distribution of vegetation to windward and leeward effect, and also on the morphological characteristics of earth hummocks. The windward and leeward effect was studied not only on the earth hummocks themselves, but also in the whole study area. The succession of vegetation, which reflects an activity of earth hummock and a level of their development, was also concerned. Earth hummocks are nonsorted patterned ground types. Vegetation on earth hummocks affects not only their formation, but also their shape and internal characteristics. Further,vegetation reflects certain properties of earth hummocks (moisture, soil characteristics etc.), and also ecological conditions which affect earth hummocks (wind impact, distribution of snow cover etc). Each studied earth hummock was first measured (length, width and height) in the field and then was divided into quadrants according to the efect of wind (windward quadrant oriented SW, windward quadrant oriented NE, and two remaining quadrants oriented NE, NW) in which phytocenological surveys were carried out. The results show that the vegetation on earth hummocks is strongly efected by...
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Spatial distribution of vegetation species on the earth hummocks on Mt. Keprník and Mt. Praděd in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts.
Kodríková, Anna ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Sklenář, Petr (referee)
This thesis focuses on spatial distribution of vegetation species on the earth hummocks on Mt. Keprník and Mt. Praděd in the Hrubý Jeseník Mts., the relationship of the spatial distribution of vegetation to windward and leeward effect, and also on the morphological characteristics of earth hummocks. The windward and leeward effect was studied not only on the earth hummocks themselves, but also in the whole study area. The succession of vegetation, which reflects an activity of earth hummock and a level of their development, was also concerned. Earth hummocks are nonsorted patterned ground types. Vegetation on earth hummocks affects not only their formation, but also their shape and internal characteristics. Further,vegetation reflects certain properties of earth hummocks (moisture, soil characteristics etc.), and also ecological conditions which affect earth hummocks (wind impact, distribution of snow cover etc). Each studied earth hummock was first measured (length, width and height) in the field and then was divided into quadrants according to the efect of wind (windward quadrant oriented SW, windward quadrant oriented NE, and two remaining quadrants oriented NE, NW) in which phytocenological surveys were carried out. The results show that the vegetation on earth hummocks is strongly efected by...
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Thermal and moisture regime of patterned ground in the High Tatras
Pechačová, Blanka ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Engel, Zbyněk (referee)
6 ABSTRACT Thermal and moisture regime of patterned ground is closely associated with the presence of the regelation phenomenon. Generally, the regelation includes all processes leading to the water freeze-thaw alternations in soil or bedrock. As a result of cyclic freezing and thawing of soil water under specific conditions, processes, such a moisture migration, ice segregation or frost heaving, operate. Termal and moisture regime is the main factor of these processes and consequentely, of the patterned ground formation. The submited diploma thesis is concerned with thermal and moisture regime of patterned ground in the High Tatras. The main aims of the thesis was to characterize thermal and moisture regime of patterned ground, to evaluate and confront the patterned ground regelation activity depending on the diverse soil depths and different types of the patterned ground and to evaluate the soil temperature relationship to the air temperatures, soil moisture content and the water level regime of the nearest lakes. The partial purpose of the thesis was to assess the applicability of different methods of the regelation cycle determination based on the soil temperature measurements. During the study period 2007 - 2012 the regelation activity of sorted paterned ground (Hincove oká, Lúčne sedlo and Skalnaté...
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|
Regelation of patterned ground in the High Tatras.
Pechačová, Blanka ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Voják, Karel (referee)
Regelation (freeze-thaw cycles) is the collective term used for a process of alternate freezing and thawing of water and solutions into the soil or bedrock. The series of geomorphological and pedological processes such as migration of soil water, formation of segregated ice or frost heaving, is connected with regelation. Condition of freezing-thawing process is a phase transition of water that leads to an important phenomenon - a release or consumption of latent heat. This phenomenon can be observed from the data obtained by measuring the temperature in the soil profile. In the present bachelor thesis, here are investigated sites of sorted patterned ground (Hincovo pleso, Lučné sedlo) and earth hummocks (Kopské sedlo) in the High Tatras for the purposes of the study regelation process. In addition to detailed description of the physical-geomorphological processes associated with phase changes of water in patterned groud, the main aim of the thesis is to set regelation cycles and their characteristics using different methods for determination of regelation on the basis of temperature measurements in patterned groug of the foregoing locations. The results indicate differences in regelation in the individual shapes within the locations, among the sites, but also between different types of patterned groud -...
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Freeze-thaw processes, temperature and moisture trends in earth hummocks
Kodríková, Anna ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Treml, Václav (referee)
Earth hummocks are nonsorted patterned ground types. This thesis is primary focused on the study of temperature regime particularly during freeze-thaw process and also on factors that affect its non-uniformity. Secondary, it refers to the relation between temperature and moisture regime, morphometric characteristics of earth hummocks and their geographical expansion in the world. The information from the literature search is applied to the results from temperature and moisture measurements of the earth hummocks in depths 5 - 40 cm in the Hrubý Jeseník Mountains - Keprník peak in 2005 - 2010. The results show that many factors affect the non-uniformity of temperature regime in different parts of earth hummocks. The most important of them are: the shape of the earth hummock, the aspect orientation, the distribution and the height of snow cover, the wind exposure and the presence of vegetation. There is an interaction between the soil moisture content and the temperature regime, and they are mutually affected. The obtained results from the Keprník study area are compared with the literature data about the earth hummocks in the world. Key words: patterned ground, earth hummock, temperature regime, moisture, regelation, Keprník peak, Hrubý Jeseník Mountains
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