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Awareness and Education of Parents within Postoperative Care for a child with Inserted Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
Šikýřová, Kristýna ; Průšová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the topic of parental awareness and education regarding postoperative care for a child with an established ventriculoperitoneal shunt. The implementation of this shunt is a common surgical intervention to treat hydrocephalus. Objective: The aim of the thesis was to provide a comprehensive overview of relevant knowledge concerning the care of a child with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Another objective was to determine how parents of children with the shunt subjectively evaluate their own level of information, and how they perceive the approach of the medical staff, including mutual cooperation. It also sought to identify possible improvements in educational materials related to the issue. The method chosen for processing this work was quantitative research through a non- standardized questionnaire containing 29 questions. The questionnaires were distributed among parents of children hospitalized in the pediatric section of the neurosurgical clinic for children and adults at the 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and Motol University Hospital. The research was conducted from November 2023 to March 2024, with a total of 47 respondents surveyed. The results showed that the majority of respondents, 95.74%, were satisfied with the information about the postoperative...
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Nursing care for patients after varicose vein surgery.
ZAJÍCOVÁ, Eva
The bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of diseases of the lower limbs and focuses on nursing care of patients after varicose vein surgery. It tries to evaluate the awareness of patients who have undergone surgical removal of varicose veins, about postoperative regimen measures and describes post-procedure care. The theoretical part consists of the anatomy and physiology of the veins of the lower limbs. It continues with the characteristics of chronic venous insufficiency, which is followed by the main topic, varicose veins of the lower limbs. Etiology, symptoms, risk factors, and diagnosis are discussed here. The work presents treatment options, preoperative and postoperative care In the research part, we focused mainly on postoperative care in patients after varicose vein surgery, where we tried to evaluate the patient's awareness of postoperative regimen. Then, after assessing the sawareness, we tried to describe the spefifics of nursing care in these patients. Aim of the study: to evaluate the awareness of patients after varicose vein surgery and to describe the specifics of nursing care. The research was conducted using a semi-structured interview. Twelve nurses from three surgical departments of different hospitals participated in the data collection. In the conclusion, the specifics of nursing care are presented and the patients' awareness of postoperative measures is evaluated. The results show that the specifics of care and education are individual and depend on the range of performance, condition and age of the patient. In selected hospitals, different procedures were found in the care of patients after these operations.
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Nursing care for women after breast gland operations
EISENWORTOVÁ, Lucie
This bachelor's thesis, entitled "Nursing care for women after breast gland operations," investigates the provision of care to women following oncological diseases. The research draws on interviews with nurses who deliver this care, focusing on those employed in surgical departments, oncology clinics, and general practitioners' clinics for adults. The theoretical framework of the thesis concentrates on nursing care post-surgery and the ensuing convalescent care, incorporating anatomical basics and preoperative care into its scope. The objectives of the study were to ascertain the role of the nurse in patient care following breast surgery, to identify specific aspects of postoperative care, and to define the nurse's role during the convalescence period. The empirical section of the thesis employs qualitative research methods, specifically semi-structured interviews with nurses working in the aforementioned departments. Ten nurses participated in this study: five from surgical departments, three from oncology clinics, and two from a general practitioner's clinic. Findings reveal the processes involved in nursing care, detailing preoperative, postoperative, and long-term care from the perspective of nurses. Further insights were gained into the educational activities performed by nurses and the psychological aspects of patient care, as reported by the nurses. The study also highlights current shortcomings in patient care and explores potential future alternatives. Recommendations for future practice emphasize the importance for nurses to engage with emerging knowledge in the care of patients with oncological conditions.
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Nursing process in a patient with hydrocephalus
Suková, Elishka ; Průšová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Nikodemová, Hana (referee)
The present bachelor thesis is devoted to the nursing process and education in a patient with hydrocephalus. The aim of the thesis was to determine to what extent the disease affects the patient's quality of life, focusing on the period before and after the insertion of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. Furthermore, how the patient felt during the hospitalization, whether he was satisfied with the attitude of the staff, whether he was properly educated before and after surgery or before discharge to home care. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to a detailed description of the disease, its causes in neonatal, childhood and adulthood, symptoms of patients of all ages and treatment options. The empirical part of the thesis is based on quantitative research investigation, analysis of the obtained data and comparison of the results of the thesis with similar works. The research method chosen was a quantitative survey using a non-standardized questionnaire. The questionnaire survey was carried out at the Neurosurgical Clinic of Motol University Hospital and the 2nd Medical Faculty of Charles University, after prior approval of the deputy for nursing care and with the consent of the management of the clinic. The results of the survey showed that 86.11% of the respondents reported an improvement...
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The Nursing Care of the Patient after Kidney Transplant
Ondřichová, Adéla ; Bakusová, Tereza (advisor) ; Komínek, Tomáš (referee)
(v AJ) This bachelor thesis focuses on nursing care for a patient after kidney transplantation and presents a case study of a specific patient with chronic renal injury due to Alport syndrome, who underwent kidney transplantation from a cadaveric donor. The aim of this thesis is to describe and evaluate the nursing care provided to the patient after kidney transplantation. The theoretical part provides an overview of renal failure, elimination methods, aspects related to transplantation, and a crucial section, patient education after transplantation. In the practical part are described the basic steps of preparing the patient for kidney transplantation and following nursing care in the first few days after transplantation. The case study of the patient is presented by describing his health status before and after transplantation. At the end of this part are described nursing diagnoses, the results of nursing care, and its effectiveness in the context of the patient's overall health status. Key words: kidney transplant, nursing care, postoperative care, patient education, immunosuppressive therapy
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Nursing care after upper limb replantation
KOVÁČOVÁ, Michaela
The theoretical part of this thesis first deals with the anatomy of an upper extremity, then it provides an introduction into traumatology, where a reader learns about amputation injuries, particularly about the types of amputation injury and the elementary first aid in such injuries. Further on it concentrates on the pre-surgery preparation for patients with indication to replantation, the course of the operation, post-surgery care and nursing care for patients after replantation in the upper extremity. The goal of this bachelor thesis was to examine the specifics of the nursing care for patients after replantation in the upper extremity. Nurses caring about such patients have numerous uneasy tasks, which they have to fulfil dutifully and with consideration. To be able to provide these patients with the care corresponding with the standards of nursing care, nurses have to have sufficient knowledge, which was the second goal examined within this thesis. Quantitative methodology was chosen for the achievement of these goals in the practical part. Semi-structured interviews related to the research questions were prepared. The survey sample set consisted of nurses working at the department where amputation injuries are sent most often, the trauma surgery department. We found out that if nurses are not sure how to proceed in the care and do not know the exact principles, they either turn to a physician or to a more experienced colleague. The school curriculum in terms of replantation seems insufficient. As summarization and revision of procedures have their importance, preparation of a seminar Nursing Care for Patients after Replantation in the Upper Extremity appears to be reasonable and helpful for nurses providing care to patients with these problems.
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Nurse´s role in caring for abdominal sudden event patients
JAREŠOVÁ, Kristýna
This bachelor thesis focuses on the role of nursing staff in the case of providing health for patients with acute abdominal incident (AAI) with a focus on preoperative and postoperative care for patient with AAI from the perspective of patients and nursing staff. This bachelor thesis is traditionally divided in the two parts, theoretical and prac-tical. This work aimed to "Describe the preoperative nursing care for patients with AAI" and "Describe postoperative nursing care for patients with AAI". The research part of this bachelor thesis has been conducted using a semi-structured interview with nurses work-ing in the surgical department and with patients who underwent AAI. Theoretical satu-ration was achieved with 5 nurses and 5 patients. The interviews were according and transcripted verbatim afterwards. The obtained information was processed by an open coding method and subsequently categorized. The research was conducted in April 2021. The interviews with patients display, that patients in critical condition with AAI are not able to perceive the preoperative care. The research also showed that the area of postoperative care is perceive by patients after AAI in the same way as other patients after other planned procedures. Futhermore the interviews suggest that patients appro-priately understand the necessary measures they have to follow once they are released from hospital to their home environment, which indicates that the nursing staff pro-vides adequate education to their patients. Results from nursing staff´s interviews show, that the nursing staff understand adequate procedure in acute preoperative and postoperative care when dealing with patients with AAI. The results from the preopera-tive care interviews identify an insufficient psychological preparation before an acute surgery in patients with AAI. The nursing staff acknowledges this problem. In their opinion, this problem is connected to the lack of time available in the preoperative preparations. This bachelor thesis suggest that better cooperation among the nursing staff is necessary when dealing with patients with AAI and also that psychological sup-port before an operation should not be overlooked. The results from this bachelor thesis can be used as study materials for medical staff or medical students.
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The Role of Nurse of Patient after Kidney Transplantation
ŠEVČÍKOVÁ, Tereza
The diploma thesis sets two goals: 1. To find out the role of the nurse in postoperative care of a patient after a kidney transplant. 2. To map the specifics of nursing care for patients after kidney transplantation. Therefore, in order to meet the goals, four research questions were set: 1. What is the role of the nurse in postoperative care of a patient after a kidney transplant? 2. How does the role of a nurse in the postoperative period in a patient after a kidney transplant differ from postoperative care of the patient to another abdominal operation? 3. How does the role of a nurse in the postoperative period differ in a kidney transplant patient after another abdominal surgery in the standard ward and in the ICU? 4. What are the differences in the postoperative nursing care of a patient after a kidney transplant and the postoperative care of a patient after another abdominal surgery in the first days after the operation? The theoretical part of the work is divided into individual chapters, which describe the history and development of kidney transplantation, indications and contraindications of kidney transplantation, organ donation and inclusion on the waiting list, surgical techniques of transplantation and postoperative complications, immunosuppression and specifics of postoperative care and the effect of transplantation on pregnancy. Furthermore, the theoretical part deals with the history and modern view of the roles of nurses, the relationship between nurse and patient and finally the role of nurses in surgical fields. The practical part of the diploma thesis is processed by a qualitative method in the form of a semi-structured interview. The interview was conducted on the basis of pre-prepared questions with ten general nurses working in the inpatient department and intensive care unit of Transplant Surgery at IKEM. The analysis of the interviews took place in the form of "paper-pencil" and the method of open coding. All interviewed nurses refused to record the interviews in the form of an audio recording, which was respected. The results were divided into categories. The work should provide a comprehensive view of patient care in the postoperative period after kidney transplantation, describe its complexity and the differences between patient care after normal abdominal surgery and after transplantation. It can be used as a teaching material.
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Comprehensive nursing care of the patient with gallbladder disease from perspective of nurse and patient
HLINŠŤÁKOVÁ, Lucie
This bachelor thesis deals with comprehensive nursing care for patients with gallbladder diseases. The aim of the work was to find out how not only the patient but also the nurse looks at preoperative and postoperative care. Four objectives were set in the work, as the first "Map the comprehensive preoperative preparation before gallbladder surgery in the surgical department from the nurse's point of view." after the gallbladder surgery in the surgical ward from the nurse's point of view." And fourth "Map postoperative care after gallbladder surgery in the surgical ward from the patient's perspective." A qualitative research survey using a semi-structured interview technique was chosen for data collection. The research group consisted of patients who underwent gallbladder surgery and nurses working in the surgical department. It turned out that patients do not really perceive the preoperative sequence of nursing care, but rather follow the instructions of nurses. Further investigation has shown that all patients know the principles they must follow after discharge from the hospital (diet, wound care, rehabilitation), which testifies to the quality education of nurses. The results for nurses show that nurses know the principles of preoperative and postoperative care. The results of the research pointed to the insufficient psychological support of the patient by the nurses. The nurses perceive this problem, which according to them is related to the lack of staff and thus also the time per patient. The bachelor's thesis, as a recommendation for practice, showed that it is necessary to create a time reserve in the work of nurses so that they can also focus on the psychological support of patients.
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Role of nurses in postoperative care in patients with lung cancer.
PLECEROVÁ, Jana
At present time the lung/ bronchial carcinoma is the most frequent malignant disease but not only in our country but worldwide. It is an insidious disease that at the beginning is asymptomatic (i.e. without clinical symptoms), however it has an extraordinary unfavourable prognosis. The lung/ bronchial carcinoma is painless disease therefore the sick people (adversely affected by lung/ bronchial carcinoma) do not suffer from any significant health trouble for very long time. In a later stage some of the patients realize the fact, that they are facing some health troubles. They find out that something go wrong as far as their health condition is concerned, the most frequent case is reported as breathlessness or difficulties in breathing in general. Their difficulties in breathing is frequently attributed to their weight, physical strain, stress, workload, work environment they work in. These patients usually make an appointment with the physician not sooner than they observe further manifestations of the illness which testifies to advanced stage of the illness, however. These symptoms often are the following: haemoptysis, rhonchus/hoarseness, chronic cough, dysphagia, pains, loss of weight. The lung carcinoma is frequently discovered on a random basis within a preoperative preparation for another surgical intervention i.e. the centre of lung carcinoma is identified when heart and lungs are X-rayed. The very sad moment of this disease (lung carcinoma) is the fact that overwhelming majority of the patients bring about this insidious illness or contract the illness themselves. The reason is smoking. Present youth regard smoking fashionable and modern. They feel and perceive smoking as their need to try something new and majority of them persist with smoking. They become smoking addict and only small percentage of them seek a help or assistance of an expert in making people give up smoking. In the past we encountered the diagnosis of lung carcinoma with the patients whose age fell in between 60 (sixty) and 70 (seventy). At present time the patients with such a diagnosis are rather younger. Their age fall within the interval 40 (forty) and 50 (fifty). I can express my belief that the public should be not only better informed but also keep informed about the life-threatening lung carcinoma, malignant lung tumour, ways and means of healing, primary and secondary prevention and help and assistance in making people to give up smoking. The public should be informed and be kept informed about risk factors that lead to the origin and development of this insidious disease. The media should do whatever possible to present statistics, research investigations dealing with the origin and development of lung carcinoma, case reports regarding patients with this diagnosis. Several years ago, there were cigarette packets provided with various pictures on them presenting risks of smoking as well as possible complications and troubles accompanied with smoking including lung carcinoma. Unfortunately, this campaign did not achieve such effect as it had been expected. This diploma work has been worked out by focusing on theory. Its goal is to present the problem of lung carcinoma, malignant lung tumours in the Czech Republic and in the world. The crucial area of the diploma work is devoted to the surgical therapy of the lung carcinoma, malignant lung tumours that is subject of permanent development and still brings new pieces of knowledge in the field of therapy of lung malignity. Another aim of this diploma work is to clarify, map out and visualize the position and role of nurses in postoperative care for the patients with lung carcinoma/ tumour. The conclusion of the diploma work focuses on specific questions and requirements of the palliative care and its models. This diploma work makes it possible to get an overall view of the specialized field of malignant lung tumours, their statistics, the numbers of which has been rising.
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