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Vplyv podpníkov na kvalitu hrozna a vína u odrody Cerason
Kondáš, Marek
This study deals with the effect of rootstock varieties on quantitative and qualitative parameters in the grafted grape variety. The introduction, in form of literature review presents rootstocks, theoretical postulates for its use and its impact on the quality of the harvest. Basic qualitative parameters considering grapevine are presented as well. The second part includes a rootstock experiment with interspecific vinegrape variety 'Cerason'. It describes the setting up of the experiment, the material used and mehodology selected for its execution and then presents the results obtained. The Conclusion provides for discussion and breif review of the topic examined. The Annex offers additional data supporting the study. Keywords: grapevine, rootstocks, quality, Cerason
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Vliv podnožové odrůdy na příjem živin a kvalitu u vybrané PIWI odrůdy
Šimoníková, Lenka
Influence of rootstock variety on nutrient intake and quality of selected PIWI variety The thesis looks into a research of the rootstocks and their influence on the minerals in various phenophases at two PIWI varieties (Hibernal and Cerason). Furthermore it deals with the influence of the rootstocks on the qualitative parameters (sugar content, acids, assimilable nitrogen). The research was implement on an experiment in the school vineyard of Mendel University, Faculty of Horticulture in Lednice. There is a suitable advice to the various rootstocks in a conclusion.
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Moderní pěstitelské technologie třešní
Štochl, Marek
New cherry orchards are planted in denser spacing with less vigorous rootstocks and using new training systems. The aim of the thesis was to compare two training systems (central leader, Spanish bush) with respect to growing (tree height, canopy volume, trunk cross-section area, pruning requirements), yielding (yield per tree, yield per TCSA, fruit weight, and cumulative yield) and physiologic characteristics (stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, macro- and microelement leaf content). For this purpose, two cherry orchards were chosen. The first one was planted with commercially produced Burlat and Kordia sweet cherry trees on Gisela 5 and Colt rootstock in spring 2005. The trees were trained in two above mentioned systems and evaluated for four years. The trees of both varieties on rootstock P-TU-1 (similar to Mazzard) trained as central leader were used as a control. The trees were planted in two replications of four trees per each. The second orchard was planted with commercially produced Sweetheart sweet cherry trees on P-TU-1 rootstock and trained also in the two systems. In each variant twenty-one trees were evaluated for three years. In the first orchard, the most characteristics except the micro- and macroelement content were significantly related to rootstock and/or training system. In the most cases, rootstock had stronger effect than training system except the pruning requirements and tree height. The variety had the strongest effect on fruit weight. In the second orchard, the significant differences were found in the most characteristics except yielding characteristics in the first year of evaluation and the pruning requirements in the first two years of evaluation. The use of growth regulator (6-benzyladenin) for production of high quality cherry tree saplings for modern orchards was tested. The trial was realized at two localities. At the first locality two varieties (Hedelfingen´s, Kordia) on two rootstocks (mahaleb, Mazzard) were used for testing while the variety Sweetheart on P-TU-1 was used at the second locality. Two treatments (spraying, spraying with the defoliation of the top part of the tree) and the control treatment (without spraying) were made for two (first locality) or three years (second locality). At the both localities, the significant differences in total growth per tree, angle of shoots, number of annual shoots and sapling height were found even if the differences between localities and the growing years were found. At the first locality, the strongest effect was due to the rootstock used whereas at the second locality, it was the treatment used. From the results of the shoot number, the best treatment seems to be the spraying with the defoliation of the top part of the tree. The presented results can be utilized in high quality production of sweet cherry tree saplings from nurseries and their subsequent planting in the intensive sweet cherry tree orchards.
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Studium fytoplazmy ESFY a jejich projevů u odrůd meruněk a broskvoní
Kopřivová, Vladimíra
The aim of this study was to obtain detailed knowledge of the symptomatic expression of various isolates European Stone Fruit Yellows phytoplasma (ESFY) on selected rootstocks, susceptibility testing of selected rootstocks to phytoplasma ESFY and exploration of the extent and impact of phytoplasma ESFY to the biological properties of pollen, seeds, some phenological and pomological characters of varieties of apricot fruit. After three years of observation of pomological characterictics of fruits from ESFY infected trees and comparing to pomological characteristics of fruits from healthy trees of 16 apricots varieties the most susceptible varieties to ESFY were infected trees Arzami Aromatnyj, Hatif Colomer, Veselka and Vestar. These varieties were significantly reduced overall size and weight of fruit due to present ESFY phytoplasma. During the research no shrunken or deformed fruits were found, fruits from infected trees were just rounder than fruit from healthy trees. Effect of ESFY phytoplasma on pollen germination, early flowering, ripening time, soluble dry matter of the fruit and seed viability was not so significant. Symptomatic manifestation of the annual shoots grown through the inocula, originating from nine selected infected trees of different varieties of apricots and one peach tree and symptomatic manifestation of plants from five different rootstocks, which were inoculated, was during the three years of observing very diverse. It was found, that it is dependent on botanical species, variety, rootstock, growing conditions and the interactions of the pathogen and the host. The most susceptible annual shoots to present ESFY phytoplasma were the grown from inocula sampled from infected tree variety Jantze peach and Murfatlar apricot. Chlorotic leafroll, yellows and growth depressions appeared most on annual shoots. The least susceptible response to ESFY phytoplasma was demonstrated on shoots grown through from inoculum originating from apricot tree variety Poyer. In this variety there were the most numerous shoots without symptoms compared with other varieties. In most varieties (Jantze, Saldcot, Poljus Južnyj a Hargrand_2) with a higher frequency of positive shoots the chlorotic leafroll was the most represent symptom, so it will be a typical symptom for ESFY pyhtoplasma. Symptomatic manifestation of rootstock plants in combination with inocula from ten selected varieties reached lower frequency of evaluated characteristics compared to annual shoots. Based on the resulting reaction of shoots grown through inocula of tested varieties and reaction of rootstock plants to presence of ESFY phytoplasma, the most susceptible rootstock was GF 305, susceptible rootstock was GF/8/1, less susceptible was M/LE/1 and the least susceptible rootstocks were Torinel and St.Julien 655/2. Sensitivity reaction of rootstocks file to present ESFY phytoplasma was observed for three years at fifteen selected rootstocks, whose plants were inoculated by two inocula from different varieties. Rootstocks plants without any symptoms had the highest frequency (84.37 %), and the most widespread symptom was the leaf yellows (average 10.5 %). Rootstocks were divided into four groups according to their susceptibility to ESFY phytoplasma. The most susceptible response was manifested on rootstocks GF 305 and GF 677, rootstocks MRS 2/5, VVA1, Strážovický myrobalán, Lesiberian, AP1 and GF 31 were susceptible, rootstocks M/LE/1 and Myrobalán 29C were less susceptible and the least susceptible rootstocks to ESFY phytoplasma were Torinel, St. Julien 655/2, GF/8/1 and MY/KL/A.
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Šlechtění podnoží odolných k mšičce révokaz
Bechyňová, Soňa
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to discuss the breeding of grapevine rootstocks, which are highly resistant or resistant to phylloxera. The first part of the thesis deals with the research of the phylloxera, its history and current occurrence in the world. Further, the description of the Vitis species, which are mostly used in nowadays breeding programs. The following is a summary of the representation of the cultivated rootstocks and the characteristics of the newly bred rootstocks over the last 10 to 15 years. The thesis focuses on new methods of breeding rootstocks. Appropriate breeding methods and suitable selection of rootstocks for the South Moravian region are recommended in the end.
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Vliv podnože na příjem minerálních látek
Šimoníková, Lenka
This work has been written on the topic Effect of rootstocks on the intake of minerals. In this work I was concerned with using the rootstock used in vineyards in the Czech Republic. What are the positives and negatives their utilization. The history of rootstocks have the use as a weapon against the aphid grape phylloxera. Description of individual rootstocks and botanical species from which they are crossed as well. Evaluation of soil conditions that are the most suitable for the rootstock. Furthermore, what impact does it on the income base minerals for the whole bush and the berries. Characterization of the individual elements of mineral nutrition for optimal growth of shrubs. And last but not least the application of rootstocks in practice.
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Ověřování účinku fytohormonů na diferenciaci kořenů u dřevitých řízků podnoží peckovin
Ambrosová, Lýdie
This diploma thesis deals with the examination of impacts of phytohormones on rooting of hardwood cuttings of rootstocks. The goal of the thesis is an evaluation of chosen stimulators and rootstocks. There are examined 1% stimulators based on NAA, NAA in combination with brassinosteroids, IAA, IBA, IBA as powder and non-treated control in this thesis. The evaluated rootstocks are VVA-1, AP-1, MY-KL-A, Ishtara and PS-1. The best results reach stimulators based on IBA and IAA (57--58 %), generally all examined rootstocks of cuttings treated by stimulators achieves better rooting rates, more than 50 % (only variants with brassinosteroids do not take root at all). Control without any treatment reaches 43 %. The best rooting rates have rootstocks AP-1 (58 %), VVA-1 and MY-KL-A (55--56 %), worse rooting rates have rootstocks PS-1 and Ishtara (both 26 %).
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Fyziologické a školkařské aspekty množení růží očkováním
Ján, Jakub
Budding is an important method of propagation of roses, this concerns especially roses for outdoor planting. The essence of this method is the inset of the bud of selected variety into the incision on the root neck or stem of the rootstock. This thesis describes in detail the process and specifics of budding. It also deals with rootstocks that are used in practice - specifically examines the relationship between rootstocks and variety and describes both positive and negative characteristics of the different types of rootstocks. Space is also given to important European growers of roses.
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Vplyv podpníkov na kvalitu hrozna a vína u odrody Cerason
Kondáš, Marek
This study deals with the effect of rootstock varieties on quantitative and qualitative parameters in the grafted grape variety. The introduction, in form of literature review presents rootstocks, theoretical postulates for its use and its impact on the quality of the harvest. Basic qualitative parameters considering grapevine are presented as well. The second part includes a rootstock experiment with interspecific vinegrape variety 'Cerason'. It describes the setting up of the experiment, the material used and mehodology selected for its execution and then presents the results obtained. The Conclusion provides for discussion and breif review of the topic examined. The Annex offers additional data supporting the study. Keywords: grapevine, rootstocks, quality, Cerason
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