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Community structure of soil saprophagous mites and their food selection
Jourová, Barbora ; Smrž, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Hubert, Jan (referee)
Community structure of soil saprophagous mites illustrates not only their diversity, but also it is able to characterize biotop as a whole. Such structure can be correlated with fluctuation of factors in with respect to the historical development and perspectives of biotope. Therefore, community structure exhibits the dynamics. The nutritional biology belongs to biological as well as to ecological parameters. This work presents the summary of existing knowledge about study of nutritional bi- ology and community structure of soil saprophagous mites and also critical analysis of methods studying soil mites. Keywords: moss mites, community strukture, food selection.
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The effect of oribatid mites on the composition of fungal community in pine litter
Černá, Kristýna ; Koukol, Ondřej (advisor) ; Hubert, Jan (referee)
4 Abstract The aim of this study was to determine whether oribatid mites affect the variety of fungi in litter of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), and if the dispersibility of fungi particles is related to oribatid mite species. To this end, I have prepared several semi-natural systems, in which I observed dispersion of fungi separately and in the presence of two oribatid mite species: Phthiracarus sp. and Adoristes ovatus. I assessed the experiment in two ways, by a cultivation of washed needles on agar medium and direct observation of needles under a binocular magnifier. In the next part of this study I isolated particles of fungi present on the surface and in the faeces of oribatid mites Adoristes ovatus, Porobelba spinosa and Spatiodamaeus verticillipes and compared it with the respective oribatid mite species. The most frequent needles fungi spread by oribatid mites were Oidiodendron maius var. maius, Oidiodendron muniellense, Oidiodendron setiferum, Umbelopsis ramanniana, Mucor hiemalis f. hiemalis and Mortierella hyalina. On the mites body surface the most commonly recorded fungi were Beauveria bassiana, Umbelopsis ramanniana, Cladosporium cladosporioides s.l., Cladosporium herbarum s.l. and unknown species of the genus Penicillium. Fungi species Acrodontium crateriforme, Umbelopsis ramanniana and...
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Oribatida as intermediates host of tapeworms
Farkašová, Lucie ; Jankovská, Ivana (advisor) ; Burešová, Eva (referee)
This Bachelor thesis "Oribatida as intermediates host of tapeworms" is focused on the presence of tapeworm and other helminths occurring mainly in sheep and goats, monitoring prevalence and intensity of parasitic infection as well as significance of these endoparasites livestock for humans. These parasites pose a problem for people worldwide, mainly an economic terms. There are described the most common family of Anoplocephalidae tapeworm that are the most common parasites of reptiles, birds and mammals. Adult tapeworms are found only in the small intestine of the definitive host. This family of parasites is a species-rich group with cosmopolitan occurrence. These tapeworms are still a significant group for veterinary parasitology, because they cause many health problems for their hosts. The best known of this family is a sheep tapeworm (Moniezia expansa). The only tapeworm family Anoplocephalidae occurring humans are two kinds: Bertiella studeri and Bertiella mucronata, each with a different geographic distribution. Bertiella mucronata is found in South America and Cuba, Bertiella studeri occurs in Africa and Asia.
Tapeworms have allways two hosts: one intermediate host and a final host. As intermediate hosts there are mites of order oribatida (Oribatida) but bark lice (Psocoptera) or springtails (Collembola) can not be excluded aswell. The infection occurs by ingesting intermediate host infected by cysticercoidy. In order to reduce the prevalence of these parasites is necessary to conduct regular worming by using anthelmintics or plant extracts and regular removaling of excrements which are a source of eggs for the infectious intermediate host, in this case oribatid. In oribatida arises cystycercoid, which is infective for the definitive host (sheep). To eliminate tapeworms genus Moniezia of sheep (goat), it is necessary to eliminate these intermediate hosts. Which is a big problem.
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Communities of oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of naturally regenerating and salvage logged mountain spruce forests of Šumava Mts
GALICOVÁ, Petra
The main aim of this study was to describe and compare communities of oribatid mites of selected areas in mountain spruce forests near Březník in the Šumava National Park, where different types of management were used after the spruce dieback caused by bark beetle gradation more than 15 years ago. Naturally regenerating and salvage logged areas were compared. Significant differences were found in the oribatid mite community composition between the areas with different types of used management. The oribatid mite community in naturally regenerating areas was in better shape and its abundance and species composition was similar to the community of a control area in a fully grown healthy spruce forest.
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Effects of management and natural disturbance on oribatid mites in montane forest
FARSKÁ, Jitka
The thesis studied effects of forest management and natural disturbance on oribatid mites in montane forests in South Bohemia (Czech Republic). We focused on the influence of (1) spruce monoculture establishment on the former beech forest, (2) management intensification in spruce forest and (3) forest dieback after bark-beetle outbreak. The impacts were pronounced especially like changes in species composition and distribution of functional traits.
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