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The influence of biochar on physico-chemical properties of soil
Polášková, Nikola ; Sedláček, Petr (referee) ; Smilek, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis is focused on assessment of the influence of biochar on the soil physico-chemical properties (particle density, dry density, porosity, water retention capacity and maximum water holding capacity, oxidizable carbon content, total nitrogen content, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium content). The selected and examined soil types were: cambisol, fluvisol, chernozem and regosol. There were two types of biochar used for analysis – NovoTerra and Sonnenerde. Soil samples were dried to constant weight and adjusted to grain-size fraction under 2 mm, respectively 0,25 mm. The oxidizable carbon content was measured by oxidation using a mixture of potassium dichromate and sulphuric acid (Walkley-Black method), the total nitrogen content was measured by kjeldahlization and P, K and Mg content was measured using Mehlich 3 extraction and ICP-OES spectrometer. The results show that biochar has a significant influence on soil characteristics depending on the type of biochar and soil we use for biochar application. This thesis can be used to clarify the complex issues in terms of soil in Czech Republic or it can be used by farmers considering using biochar as a soil additive with the intention to increase productivity and fertility of soil.
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Physicochemical characterization of soil humic substances isolated from Fluvisol
Šátková, Eliška ; Kalina, Michal (referee) ; Enev, Vojtěch (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the physicochemical characterization of humic substances that are isolated from fluvisol. Humic substances were isolated by a standard procedure according to the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS). Extracted humic substances were further characterized by thermal and spectrometric methods, which include elemental (EA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UV/Vis, and FTIR spectrometry. Potentiometric titration was an important contribution to characterization. Based on the obtained data obtained from the EA and TGA, the content of biogenic elements and the thermal stability of HL were determined. Absorption coefficients were calculated from the measured UV/Vis spectra to determine the aromaticity and average molecular weight of HL. The HL functional groups were determined by FTIR spectra, and the acidity was determined by potentiometric titrations. The obtained results very well characterized the individual humic substances isolated from fluvisol.
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Aberační změny u fluvizemí vlivem intenzivního způsobu hospodaření
Fleková, Šárka
Diploma thesis „Aberration of fluvisol as affected by intensive agriculture management“ aims at the determination of selected soil properties, which can help us to assess the aberration changes. These can be positive or negative depending on agro-technical measures. Gleyic Fluvisol Clayic is under long-term monoculture of spring barely and under Norfolk crops rotation system. We followed soil reaction, buffering capacity, available nutrients content, and soil organic matter content and quality. Data set was evaluated by one-way ANOVA analysis and t-test (P=0,05). Negative aberration was confirmed in exchangeable soil reaction and soil organic carbon content. Positive aberration was found out in total nitrogen content, C/N ratio, and available nutrients. Effect of soil tillage and crops residues managements was not statistically significant.
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Physicochemical characterization of soil humic substances isolated from Fluvisol
Šátková, Eliška ; Kalina, Michal (referee) ; Enev, Vojtěch (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the physicochemical characterization of humic substances that are isolated from fluvisol. Humic substances were isolated by a standard procedure according to the International Humic Substances Society (IHSS). Extracted humic substances were further characterized by thermal and spectrometric methods, which include elemental (EA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), UV/Vis, and FTIR spectrometry. Potentiometric titration was an important contribution to characterization. Based on the obtained data obtained from the EA and TGA, the content of biogenic elements and the thermal stability of HL were determined. Absorption coefficients were calculated from the measured UV/Vis spectra to determine the aromaticity and average molecular weight of HL. The HL functional groups were determined by FTIR spectra, and the acidity was determined by potentiometric titrations. The obtained results very well characterized the individual humic substances isolated from fluvisol.
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The influence of biochar on physico-chemical properties of soil
Polášková, Nikola ; Sedláček, Petr (referee) ; Smilek, Jiří (advisor)
This thesis is focused on assessment of the influence of biochar on the soil physico-chemical properties (particle density, dry density, porosity, water retention capacity and maximum water holding capacity, oxidizable carbon content, total nitrogen content, phosphorus, potassium and magnesium content). The selected and examined soil types were: cambisol, fluvisol, chernozem and regosol. There were two types of biochar used for analysis – NovoTerra and Sonnenerde. Soil samples were dried to constant weight and adjusted to grain-size fraction under 2 mm, respectively 0,25 mm. The oxidizable carbon content was measured by oxidation using a mixture of potassium dichromate and sulphuric acid (Walkley-Black method), the total nitrogen content was measured by kjeldahlization and P, K and Mg content was measured using Mehlich 3 extraction and ICP-OES spectrometer. The results show that biochar has a significant influence on soil characteristics depending on the type of biochar and soil we use for biochar application. This thesis can be used to clarify the complex issues in terms of soil in Czech Republic or it can be used by farmers considering using biochar as a soil additive with the intention to increase productivity and fertility of soil.
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