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Fibroblast growing factor 21 and its function
Vrabcová, Veronika ; Žurmanová, Jitka (advisor) ; Holzerová, Kristýna (referee)
Fibroblast growth factor (FGF21) is a hormone produced predominantly in the liver and it is essential for many biological processes in the human body. FGF21 can dramatically affect an individual's development similarly to other members of the FGF family. In recent years, increasing attention has been paid, especially for its potential use in the clinical practice, for example, this hormone could serve as a biomarker of mitochondrial respiratory chain disorders, increase insulin sensitivity and reduce fat in obese individuals. We are interested in its cytoprotective action increasing resistance of the heart to ischemia-reperfusion injury. FGF21 is also released from other organs in a smaller amount under certain conditions such as during starvation and exercise, or in response to hypertrophic signals in the heart. The aim of this work is to summarize the broad action of FGF21 in the body with a focus on its function in the heart. Key words: Fibroblast growth factor 21, metabolism, muscle, heart
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Identification of biomarkers involved in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Šimják, Patrik ; Pařízek, Antonín (advisor) ; Karásek, David (referee) ; Novotný, Zdeněk (referee)
Identification of biomarkers involved in the pathophysiology of gestational diabetes mellitus ABSTRACT Gestational diabetes mellitus is a disorder of glucose metabolism that occurs in pregnancy and resolves after delivery. Increasing production of pregnancy-related hormones leads to insulin resistance which is not adequately compensated by increased insulin secretion. Since obesity is an important risk factor for gestational diabetes and is also associated with adipose tissue dysfunction and increased peripheral insulin resistance, the question arises as to what extent is the adipose tissue involved in the development of gestational diabetes. The first part of the thesis focuses on the identification of changes in plasma concentration and mRNA expression of adipokines fetuin A, fetuin B and FGF21. In our study we did not show that the presence of gestational diabetes significantly influenced the plasma concentration of fetuin A, fetuin B and FGF21 during pregnancy. An important finding was that women who had pregnancy complicated with gestational diabetes had a significantly higher concentration of FGF21 several months after delivery in comparison to healthy pregnant women. We have been able to demonstrate the production of fetuin A in the placenta and fetuin B in perineal and subcutaneous tissue. However,...
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