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Means and Decontamination of People and Technique in Area of Emergency Planning
NIMANSKÝ, Jiří
There are two nuclear power plants in the Czech Republic for which measures to protect the population are proposed in the case of a radiation accident. This diploma thesis deals with one of them by decontamination of persons and techniques in the emergency planning zone. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis focuses mainly on knowledge and concepts in the field of ionizing radiation, radiation protection and emergency planning. The main objective was to analyze, compare and evaluate the existing and newly introduced decontamination means of persons and equipment of the Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic and the Army of the Czech Republic. For this purpose, eight decontamination devices have been selected for use in a radiation accident. One of the partial objectives is also to compare the decontamination methods and procedures of both components. The quantitative processing of the parameters studied was used to compare, and a multi-criteria decision-making method was used to obtain the results, using the scoring method. In order to obtain data and information, searches of available publications, methodological sheets and instructions for decontamination equipment were carried out. All information has been consulted with chemical experts from the Fire Brigade of the Czech Republic and chemical units of the Army of the Czech Republic. The results of the comparison showed that the decontamination facilities of the members of the Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic are more suitable for use in the radiation accident. Their main advantages are a more effective solution for wound decontamination and a system for capturing and collecting contaminated water. However, the Army of the Czech Republic would be able to do the same work after the partial modifications. The decontamination equipment for solving the radiation accident is constantly being refined. An example is the Portable Frame Gamma Detector. This allows you to speed up the decontamination process and saves the forces and resources deployed to deal with an emergency.
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Organization and Activity of Decontaminating Workplace on the Evacuative Run from the Zone of the Critical Planning after the Abolition of Rescue Battalions
SEVEROVÁ, Šárka
Abstrakt The diploma thesis is focused on the issue of securing serviceability of decontamination sites using the forces and the means available after cancellation of rescue battalions, and on the current position of the Fire Rescue Service. The objective of the thesis was to draw attention to the problem arising from insufficient securing of decontamination after cancellation of the rescue battalions intended for this activity. The output of the analysis of the present state and the state before cancellation of the rescue batallions is the finding that the solution currently used to secure decontamination is less effective. Therefore I have proposed a more effective solution based on maintaining rescue battalions together with the Fire Rescue Service. The raised hypotheses were confirmed through the concise charts that addressed the capabilities of the rescue units and the communication between individual brigades and departments will be verified in the planned exercise ZÓNA 2010 that will take place from 22 to 23 September 2010. In my thesis I made use of the available literature, findings from my bachelor thesis and from exercises ZÓNA 2007 and ZÓNA 2008, observations of experts, and terrain reconnaissance leading to proposing a suitable decontamination site. The thesis includes a proposal of a decontamination site in Hluboká nad Vltavou {--} Zámostí. I believe that there would be justification for submission of this proposal to the competent bodies. I regard my thesis as a good material for assessing the current state of this issue, proposing various solutions, and returning to greater care of citizens, as it used to be in previous year.
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The aktivity of municipal volunteer fire company with a view to decontamination
MALÍK, Daniel
In this thesis the procedures and methods of simplified decontamination carried out by fire brigade voluntary troops of a municipality with the help of available technique and acquired knowledge are elaborated. At present state the system and categories of fire protection troops, the plan of area coverage and the determination of selected fire protection troops to decontamination are described. The next part is devoted to decontamination itself. This term, the description and division of intervention place into zones, further the description of decontamination station and its space are analysed. Decontamination carried out by emergency facilities is used as the base for the created methodology. At the end of this part the decontamination of individuals and the technique is mentioned. In the questionnaire research the state of knowledge and equipment of fire brigade voluntary troops concerning decontamination is found out. On the basis of these facts the methodological list Simplified Decontamination in Fire Brigade Voluntary Troops of a Municipality was created. It will serve as a tool for professional preparation and education of their members, especially determined fire protection troops for decontamination.
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