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Population development in Sweden since 1960
Nováková, Iveta ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Population development in Sweden since 1960 Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the population development in Sweden between 1960 and 2018. The main goal of this work is to evaluate in the context of selected demographic characteristics the course of demographic changes that appeared in the country after 1960. The result is changes in the level of demographic reproduction, which are referred to as the second demographic transition. From the 1960s to the present, Sweden has seen an increase in the average age at first marriage, an increase in the average age of the mother giving birth and an increase in the number of divorces. During the observed period, the Swedish population aged, the share of the pre-productive component of the population decreased, while the share of the post-productive component in the population increased. The development of total fertility in Sweden is often compared to a roller coaster due to its specific fluctuation. From 1960 to 2018, Sweden saw a decline in mortality rates, especially in the older age groups and up to one year of age, which was reflected in the values of life expectancy at birth that grew for both men and women. Sweden is inspiring for other European countries with its gender-neutral family and social policy. Keywords: population development, Sweden, second...
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Induced abortion in developed countries:trends and law
Pachlová, Tereza ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee)
Induced abortion in developed countries: trends and law Abstract The objective of this study is to give a comprehensive overview of law and trends in induced abortion in developed countries and to analyse and to evaluate patterns, which are typical for selected countries. In the first part, approaches to induced abortion are discussed and development in abortion law is described, in the second part, trends of induced abortion are analysed over time and by age of woman. As a tool, methods of demographic analysis of induced abortion and some statistical methods are applied. Induced abortions from other than health reasons are currently legally permitted in 25 of 28 analysed countries. Significant differences among developed countries not only in quantum of induced abortion but also in the structure of induced abortion by the age of woman were found by the analysis. Besides the law of induced abortions, the most important factor for indicators of induced abortions is prevalence of modern contraception methods. With the spreading difference of their use, the difference among countries in induced abortion decrease. Keywords: induced abortion, law, abortion rate, developed countries
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Demographic changes of the Czech Republic as a social risk
KACZOR, Michal
This bachelor's thesis deals with demographic changes of the Czech Republic in connection with social risks, which were caused by these demographic changes. The thesis contains definitions of basic demographic indicators, i.e. natality, abortion rate, marriage rate, divorce rate, mortality, and it describes their development. The main focus of this development is placed on the period after the Velvet Revolution (1989) when the totalitarian regime was overthrown and the Czech society substantially individualized. According to statistical data of Czech Statistical Office the thesis presents prognoses of the demographic development of the Czech Republic till 2100. These prognoses interpret probable trends of the future population development. Important social risks, which follow from the development of demographic indicators, are outlined as well. These selected risks are supplemented with the proposal of measures, which lead to influencing of demographic development of the Czech Republic.
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Natality and abortion rate in Czech republic since 1960
Klubalová, Markéta ; Kačerová, Eva (advisor) ; Chodounská, Helena (referee)
The Czech Republic fights a declining birth rate as almost every European country. The declining birth rate is a phenomenon that affects the future development of a state. For several years it has been under the protection of natural reproduction with no changes in mortality rates. The birth rate closely relates to abortion. The development of abortion is affected by abortion laws. The first abortion law was issued in 1958 and the second in 1988. Another factor that affects the abortion rate and the birth rate is the use of hormonal contraceptives. This bachelor thesis is focused on the development of birth and abortion rates in the Czech Republic since 1960. It also focuses on problems of infertility and assisted reproduction. This bachelor thesis points out factors that influence this development.
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Comparative analysis of the Czech and French policies in favour of natality
TICHÁNKOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to present The Policy of natality, The Family Policy in Czech Republic and in France with a view to the social measures used to help the sustenance of natality and the families with their children like social benefits, the modification in labour law. My thesis is divided in five chapters. The first one describes briefly the history of natural population increase and migration in Czech Republic during 20th century. The second one is about history of natural population increase and migration in France during 20th century. The two following chapters describe the history about The policy of natality in France and Czech Republic during 20th century and the actual social measures used to help the families with their children. Finally chapter presents the analyse comparative of The Policy of natality, of The Family Policy and the analyse comparative of social measures in these countries.
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