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Functional receptor alterations in urinary bladder and urethra in an animal model of chronic prostatitis-chronic pelvic pain syndrome
Rataj, Jan ; Štaud, František (advisor) ; Vokřál, Ivan (referee)
University of Gothenburg; Charles University Sahlgrenska Academy; Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Jan Rataj Supervisor: Michael Winder, Ph.D.; Özgü Aydogdu, M.D.; Prof. PharmDr. František Štaud, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Functional receptor alterations in urinary bladder and urethra in an animal model of chronic prostatitis-chronic pelvic pain syndrome Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a common urological disorder. Current available pharmacological treatment options are not effective enough, mostly due to the etiology of CP/CPPS not being fully understood. My thesis aimed to examine potential urethral changes, using immunohistochemistry methods and an organ bath setup, in a rat model of CP/CPPS. The thesis also examined changes in the expression of muscarinic receptor subtype 3 (M3), β3 adrenoceptors, and purinergic P2X1 and P2X3 receptors in the urinary bladder using immunohistochemistry. Specifically, it was examined how these differ when celecoxib, BAY 60-2770 and a combination of celecoxib and BAY 60-2770 had been administered during the development of prostate inflammation in the rat model of CP/CPPS. The data show an upregulation of M3 receptors in animals with...
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Vascularity of Female Urethra in Correlation to Urinary Incontinence : Diagnostic Algorithms and Its Clinical Implications
Švabík, Kamil ; Martan, Alois (advisor) ; Halaška, Michael (referee) ; Adamík, Zdeněk (referee)
Introduction: Intrinsic and extrinsic urethral factors play a significant role in urinary continence mechanism in women. Urethral wall structure including inervation, perfusion of submucosal layer etc. is not clinically assessed despite its important role in urethral closure function. The association of incontinence and pelvic floor reconstructive surgery is well known. Every postoperative healing process is associated with factors of ischemia and neovascularisation. According those facts we would expect that the healing and scaring should involve intrinsic urethral mechanism. After reconstructive surgery Implants further increase scaring process. Methods: In our study we included patients with anterior compartment defect. We randomized patients into three interventional arms according the surgical approach and use of implants. Before and 3-5 month after the surgery we performed urodynamic studies and pelvic floor ultrasound examination, including Doppler for urethral perfusion assessment. Another early ultrasound scan was added forth day after surgery. We correlated ultrasound and urodynamic parameters. Results: We randomized 87 patients. We couldn't find any correlation between the morphologic changes and severity of incontinence. Methods for urethral perfusion assessment showed high inaccuracy...
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Vascularity of Female Urethra in Correlation to Urinary Incontinence : Diagnostic Algorithms and Its Clinical Implications
Švabík, Kamil ; Martan, Alois (advisor) ; Halaška, Michael (referee) ; Adamík, Zdeněk (referee)
Introduction: Intrinsic and extrinsic urethral factors play a significant role in urinary continence mechanism in women. Urethral wall structure including inervation, perfusion of submucosal layer etc. is not clinically assessed despite its important role in urethral closure function. The association of incontinence and pelvic floor reconstructive surgery is well known. Every postoperative healing process is associated with factors of ischemia and neovascularisation. According those facts we would expect that the healing and scaring should involve intrinsic urethral mechanism. After reconstructive surgery Implants further increase scaring process. Methods: In our study we included patients with anterior compartment defect. We randomized patients into three interventional arms according the surgical approach and use of implants. Before and 3-5 month after the surgery we performed urodynamic studies and pelvic floor ultrasound examination, including Doppler for urethral perfusion assessment. Another early ultrasound scan was added forth day after surgery. We correlated ultrasound and urodynamic parameters. Results: We randomized 87 patients. We couldn't find any correlation between the morphologic changes and severity of incontinence. Methods for urethral perfusion assessment showed high inaccuracy...
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The Problems of Acceptability of Competence of a Specialist Nurse (ARIC) to Male Urethral Catheterization
SOUKUPOVÁ, Pavla
The passing of the act on non-physician medical professions and the decree on activities of healthcare workers has brought numerous changes that are also linked to changes of nurse competences. Aim 1: To find out whether nurses with ARIC specialization perform male urethral catheterization. Aim 2: To find out whether nurses with ARIC specialization are interested in improvement of their knowledge of male urethral catheterization. Aim 3: To find out whether nurses with ARIC specialization have sufficient practical skills in male urethral catheterization. Aim 1: To find out what opinion physicians have on male urethral catheterization performed by a nurse specialized in ARIC. Aim 2: To find out whether physicians let nurses specialized in ARIC perform male urethral catheterization. The research part of the thesis was based on quantitative and qualitative research. The research results will be provided to head nurses in the hospital where the research was performed. The results might be useful for preparation of a specialization course focused on male urethral catheterization not only for nurses specialized in ARIC, but also for nurses that are interested in performing the procedure in the future, particularly as it is known that no such a course exists in the South Bohemia. The results might also be used as an input to further research.
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