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Accidents in the Population and their Impact on Utilization of Health Insurance
Berková, Adéla ; Střítecký, Rudolf (advisor) ; Jankůj, Miroslav (referee)
Qualification work is focused on problematic of injuries, occurring in the population, and their influence regarding amount of costs covered by the public health care. The aim of this thesis is to determine, based on available information, expenses trends in health care and also costs, related to health care, of individual health insurance companies. Identification of injuries occurrence throughout the population and determination of their costs and complexity is furthermore important segment of the thesis. Based on these data, the objective of this thesis is to identify the portion of this amount contributing to the overall costs of public health care. The practical part of the thesis also contains analysis of recommendations, which might influence or cause change from current situation.
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Typical injury at snowboarding and downhill skiing and their prevention
ČERMÁK, Zdeněk
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of injuries during snowboarding and downhill skiing on Czech mountains. I identify the type and location of the commonnest injuries resulting from these activities, using data from the Czech Mountain Rescue Service. The thesis also deals with methods of preventing an injury, as well as with levels of preparedness for the activities ? mental, physical or familiarity with Czech ski-slope by-laws.
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Traffic accidents under the influence of alcohol and their social consequences on the territory of the Pelhřimov district.
BĚLOCH, František
Traffic accidents under the influence of alcohol and their social consequences on the territory of the Pelhřimov district. This thesis deals with the history of alcohol use and explains the analytical methods for detecting alcohol in blood in traffic accidents. It describes the effect of alcohol on the drivers and its metabolism and defines the current legislation regarding the driving under influence of alcohol in the period 2007 {--} 2008 and the legislation effective from 1.1. 2010. It outlines the status of traffic accidents and traffic accidents under the influence of alcohol, which occurred during the reporting period in the Czech Republic and especially on the territory of Pelhřimov district. The work also deals with social and economic consequences of accidents caused by drunk driving, not just the perpetrators but also the other participants of the accident. Developing the work I have collaborated with experts in the area and used methods of analysis of available materials (including foreign literature), the method of comparative study. I have made retrospective content analysis of data collected in the documentation of traffic accidents of Police of the Czech Republic and Interior Ministry statistics of the Czech Republic using methods of comparative research. The work is, inter alia, specifies the methods of analysis of liability, which was developed to study the influence of alcohol and other drugs on driving ability. The aim was to determine the level of the negative impact of alcohol on the ability to participate in traffic. The second objective was to determine the social consequences of accidents caused under the influence of alcohol for parties to these accidents.
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Analysis of the machinery as a component of the accident system in the area of traffic operations of self-propelled motor vehicles
SLUKA, Jiří
The theme of this student thesis is {\clq}qAnalysis of the machinery as a component of the accident system in the area of traffic operations of self-propelled motor vehicles``. It deals with problems of traffic and main causes of deaths and injuries in road accidents, and proposes a possibility of their elimination. The solution is based on the fact that most of the road accidents are caused by drivers themselves who don´t pay enough attention by driving or their behaviour behind the wheel isn´t sufficient. The proposed solution is supposed to monitor the traffic in real time and in co-operation with specially-designed program installed in the electronic control unit of the vehicle it´s able to notify the driver of dangers around him. The system is also able to dynamically control the traffic in order to prevent traffic-jams, accidents on pedestrian crossings, etc. As a result of system implementation the author estimates rapid decrease in fatal road accidents, serious injuries and physical damages.
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Provision of first aid by mothers of children of pre-school age - education activities
ČEPILOVÁ, Martina
The Bachelor thesis called "Provision of first aid by mothers of pre-school children - educational activity" deals with the issue of prevention of child injuries, provision of first aid for child injuries and educational activity of a nurse. The main focus was on burns, intoxication and inspiration of a foreign body. The main aim was to ascertain the ability of parents of pre-school children to provide first aid for the most frequent injuries suffered at home. Attention was given to first and second-degree burns, intoxication and inspiration of a foreign body. Other aims of the thesis were to establish whether the parents recognize the importance of preventative measures against injuries and whether the parents are interested in obtaining more information provided by a nurse. A part of the thesis was also research investigation focusing on educational activity of nurses in the first aid area. Quantitative investigation was selected for the Bachelor thesis. Data collection was carried out by means of anonymous questionnaires. The research file consisted of parents of pre-school children. The method of structured dialogue was also used. The research file included nurses working in paediatric outpatient departments and instructors of child centres. The first hypothesis assumed that the parents know how to provide first aid for first-and second-degree burns. The parents are able to manage first aid for these injuries and the hypothesis was confirmed. The second hypothesis assumed that the parents are unable to provide first aid for the most frequent types of intoxication. The parents are able to provide first aid for common intoxication of children and therefore the hypothesis was not confirmed. The third hypothesis assumed that the parents are able to provide first aid for inspiration of a foreign body by a child. This hypothesis was confirmed. The fourth hypothesis assumed that the parents do not focus on the importance of preventative measures against child injuries. Results of the investigation showed that the parents are very much interested in the preventative measures and actively focus on them. In this case the hypothesis was not confirmed. The fifth hypothesis assumed that the parents are interested in obtaining more information about first aid provided by a nurse, which was confirmed by the results of our investigation and the hypothesis was confirmed. Within the framework of the Bachelor thesis a research investigation was carried out in the form of a structured dialogue with nurses of paediatric outpatient departments and instructors in child centres, which focused on educational activity in the first aid area. The results show that the medical staff engages in educational activity. We find the solution both in thorough education of parents of pre-school children by means of lectures, courses, seminars, printed matters or a campaign on TV, and in continuous training of the medical staff, which has to constantly pursue this issue and actively participate in the education of parents during their visits to a heath-care facility.
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Injuries like an all-society problem
DRAHOŇOVSKÁ, Kateřina
The Paper´s objektive has been met. The survey showed that accidants with permanent health consequences happen mostly at home and the most inclined to suffer injurie are people in the age of 18 to 39. The survey results proved that people having favorable family backround Berger put up with the injury consequences.
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The retirements homes nurses´knowledge of how to provide the first aid as an assumption of decreasingt the mortality
ULBRICHOVÁ, Dagmar
The subject chosen by me is knowledge of first aid principles of nurses in Pensioner´s Houses as a precondition of death rate reduction, since first aid is the first, essential element of the rescue chain. First aid must be often provided also in number of health institutions, for example in Pensioner´s Houses. Pensioner´s Houses are home for old people, who are the most risky group considering injuries and acute sickness. In order to achieve the above objective a qualitative research has been applied in the form of asking open questions in interviews as well as observations. Data collection has been performed with nurses in Chýnov Pensioner´s House. Data collected during interviews were recorded in a record sheet providing space for answers to all questions. Observations were more of the type complementing and extending information on knowledge concerning resuscitation obtained from the interview. Observations focused on situation when nurses solved a practical task with a figurine used for first aid training. The target and subject group included ten nurses working in Chýnov Pensioner´s House, who may experience situations requiring their first aid skills. The research has been conducted between February and March 2008. Prior research initiation I have been granted permission of the Pensioner´s House´s management to perform this research in their institute. The objective of the work was to map knowledge of first aid principles of nurses in Pensioner´s Houses. This objective has been achieved. Nevertheless in my opinion nurses would benefit from training concerning new first aid practices. The following hypothesis have been defined on the basis of the completed research. H1 Nurses do have knowledge of first aid principles. H2 Nurses are not aware of new recommendations for resuscitation. The following research question may be formulated based on the achieved results: {\clqq}Wouldn{\crq}t it be beneficial to organize periodical fist aid training for health staff in Pensioner´s Houses?`` Results of this research will be provided to Pensioner´s House management to assist them in improvement of their care provided to old people. Chýnov Pensioner´s House will provide first aid training to nurses.
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THE PREVENTION OF SENIORS´ INJURIES
NEDVĚDOVÁ, Jana
The prevention of seniors´injuries The injuries of people at seniors age have become one of the serious issues of today´s medicine, presenting not only the health problem but also the social one. The most seniors´injuries associates with falls and slips. The second main cause for injuries are the traffic accidents, the next one following upon are the accidents, which happen often at home during the casual activities. The intoxication at the old age is not rare either. The prevention of the falls and potential injuries is based on reduction of hazards of accident occurrence. The prevention, which leads to continuing reduction of the accident rate at seniors age corresponds with the goal no. 5 that is stated in the World Hospital Organization {\clqq}Health 21`` Document. The chosen exploratory method was the quantitative sociologic research based on on-the-spot requiries by the use of question form. The research sample of population consisted from seniors from 65 years old up (130 correspondents) chosen randomly in the region of České Budějovice within the year 2005. The data were all compiled in the Organization For Injuries Preventions in South Bohemia software program. Seniors faced the health hazard and injuries mostly at homes, which are mostly caused by restriction in movements. The most casual ones are the falls. The protective instruments and equipment, which might reduce the injury risks (for example non-barrier entries, skidding devices, bars and so on) still are not the standards for seniors today. The knowledge and understanding the emergancy phone numbers is not sufficient either. The possibilities of prevention for seniors are various, but have not been much exploited yet. It seems the seniors should be firstly adressed by public health employees, which they are in casual contact with and they usually rely on. The topic of prevention of injuries should be also more discussed at education programs destined for seniors.
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The Seniors Injuries in the Institutional Care
SOUKUPOVÁ, Marta
The environment, where we live, that means the dwelling environment, influences the quality of our lives very important. This space is more important for the seniors, because their abilities, which help them to move easy in our world, go down. The injuries represent a grave and special element in morbidity of the seniors. They happen more frequently, more weak is the health and functional disposition of the seniors. Compared to a younger age, their treatment is more complicated, longer and brings worse attainments and higher costs. Grave injuries are yoke together with higher mortality, than similar hurts in younger age. In this diploma work the author has tried to assess the prevention of the injuries of the seniors in the rest homes and to chart the factors, which most influence this adaptation. In the first part of the work, she alludes to attitude to the old people during the history and she mentions the actual situation in view at the old age. Other chapters treat of dividing of the periods of human life, bio-psycho-social changes in old age, most frequent health problems and their prevention, rehabilitation. In the second part of the work, the author is engaged in the survey in the rest homes. She locates in chosen institutions, if the living and life of the seniors is primary assured so, that the injury risk is minimal. For obtaining of the necessary data, the author has used a method of questioning and observation. Three of the rest homes were randomly chosen in the south-bohemian region. The author has used a quantitative research to get this data. The hypothesis, if the rest homes have equipment, which minimizes the injuries risk, was confirmed.
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