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Utilisation of recycling machines in complex approach to waste treatment
Černý, Ondřej ; Máša, Vítězslav (referee) ; Bělohradský, Petr (advisor)
The purpose of the thesis is to describe and evaluate a contemporary state of waste management in the Czech Republic in comparison with European Union. One of its goals is to point out permanently increasing amount of waste, which is produced by people. It also analyzes the principle in the area of planning, future processing and utilization of waste material. Then it deals with the specific cases in the waste management system of entrepreneurial entity that was chosen by us, and with the machines including their technical parameters, which this entity disposes at present period with.
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Formation and mode liquidation waste from Hospital Prachatice a.s.
RODOVÁ, Kateřina
The thesis deals with the issue of waste management from hospitals. This issue includes their production, sorting, collection, storage and disposal. In 1991 the first law about waste in the Czech republic was created. Till this time the waste management was not priority and waste disposal was not sensible. Currently, more attention is paid to the management of medical waste. The lay public can not imagine what kind of waste occur in health care and how it tis disposed. Health facilities are big producers of different kind of waste which is health risk not even from injuries but also risk of serious infections. Waste is often dangerous and its disposal must be separated from other communal waste. Liquidation and disposal of waste from health facility requires observance of the legislation law, regulations and goverment regulations including a catalog of waste. Many people come into contact with waste from health facility. Waste can threats patients, medical staff and other staff which is involved in handling it or involved in disposing of waste. Improper waste disposal can threaten population and also have negative inpact on the environment. The Hospital Prachatice a.s. is quite large company that produces large amount of waste. These wastes are additionally characterized by great diversity and waste management is not a simple matter. No only medical personnel and other staff are producers of waste in health facility but also outpatients or hospital patients contribute to total volume of produced waste by large proportion. The firt step to reduce the cost of waste disposal is the minimization of its occurrence. This step requires properly trained medical staff and in some cases also acquiring new working practices. For correct sorting of waste are needed other requisites such as well chosen and correct collection means, their correct labeling and their safety. Waste management in Hospital Prachatice a.s. is in accordance with the law. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part contains the issue of waste produced in healthcare facilities. Then, there is a characteristic of waste from healthcare facilities and their classification. The significant section is devoted to the applicable legislation and the main strategic EU documents and EU directives of waste. The study also mentioned the correct waste management and their sorting and collection. The practical part was processed using qualitative research - a secondary analysis of data. Analyzed data was obtained from annual reports of Hospital Prachatice a.s. and from operating rules of waste management. For research was chosen the time period 2008-2014. For clarity the resulting data were subsequently processed in tabular and grafical forms in Microsoft Excel. As next research method was used semistructured interview which was conducted with employees in selected health care facility. Next, in theoretical part was made qualitive research. This survey was conducted through semi-structured interviews whose aim was to determine the knowledge of workers from selected medical waste facilities. The obtained results have pointed out on issue of medical waste and their potential influence. This thesis could be used as a source of informations for curre
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Zhodnocení způsobů nakládání s komunálním odpadem na Břeclavsku
Pfefferová, Hana
The issue of this bachelors thesis is evaluation of municipal waste management in Břeclavsko, specifically in the biggest town Břeclav. In the first part thesis focuses on legislativ and basic concepts of waste management, municipal waste and methods of waste management. In the following part thesis describes informations about region and waste management in Břeclav. There is also mentioned waste production and subsequently compared with production in town Hodonín and the Czech republic. In conclusion are summarized informations and goals, which Břeclav fulfils to improve the situation of waste management.
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Proposal of waste management plan (case study of Vráž municipality)
RYNDOVÁ, Anna
The aim of the thesis is "Proposal of waste management plan in municipality Vráž u Berouna". Waste management legislation, waste treatment and municipal instruments are described in theoretical part, while the model area is characterized in part II. All ilegal dumps are discovered and registered in the field survey. The data and the outputs were obtained by questionnaire survey in the households. The final part describes municipal analysis of income and expenditure and proposes more effective waste management system.
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Risk analysis of hazardous substances resulting from burning tires.
MATĚJOVSKÁ, Petra
This paper deals with the current world-wide problem of excessive production of tires, especially in the context of emerging high-volume waste after the end of their life. It aims to map the possibilities of how to dispose of old tires and to assess their applicability in practice. Another task is to compare the tire production process with how the tires are treated as a waste product in the Czech Republic over the last nine years. Finally, it is discussed tire fires in the Czech Republic between 2006-2011, which have been dangerous for local residents and the environment. Statistics of production of used tires and treatment with them have shown that in recent years there has been a large increase in both the production of tires, as well as methods and ways to effectively get rid of them once they become waste. The next section outlines the methods which the loading and removal of tires occur, and which should be avoided in the future. The last part contains statistics on tire fires in the last 6 years in the Czech Republic and an evaluation of the most endangered sites and the most common causes of these fires.
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Possibilities of waste treatment in iron and steel industry
Mlčoch, Jakub ; Louda, Jiří (advisor) ; Petrášek, František (referee)
Metallurgical industry annually produces several hundred thousand tones of metalliferous wastes, which contain beside of the oxides of iron, metallic and non-metallic iron also the compounds such as zinc and lead, which are both environmentally and, secondly, preventing the recycling of this waste in metallurgical process in the production of pig iron and steel. The management of this waste, according to the valid legislation, the producer of the waste is burdened by the costs in the form of charges for uploading to a secure landfill or disposal of third parties. At the same time experience a loss of metallic substance contained in the waste, which would be used as a substitute for iron ore in the metallurgical process. Currently occurs on the part of the EU, the pressure to minimize waste, while emphasis is placed on the back of recovery (recycling). This pressure is also reflected in the increase in charges for storing waste, forcing enterprises to innovate in the field of recycling technologies. The correct settings and the use of recycling technologies implies reduction of production costs, which can be discerned from the economic calculation in the application section of the work, that handle with a specific value of the fee for storage of waste.
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