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Crime and juvenile delinquency in basic schools in the Klatovy District.
BLÁHOVÁ, Václava
This dissertation looks at crime and juvenile delinquency in basic schools in the Klatovy District. The theoretical section gives a concise appraisal of Act No. 218/2003 Coll., on Juvenile Justice, as well as the internal and external factors potentially influencing the socially pathological behaviour of young people. The study examines current patterns of youth criminality in the Czech Republic and developing trends connected with the issue over recent years, which it then briefly compares to the wider EU experience. The possibilities for intervention work by government departments dealing with education, the police and the justice system with young people at risk is studied in the subsequent chapter. The overall aim of the dissertation is to map the occurrence of predominantly minor offences and juvenile delinquency at basic schools in the Klatovy District in terms of gender, as I suspect that this indicator will feature strongly in the structure of socially pathological youth behaviour. Research was used to determine young people{\crq}s awareness regarding liability for their actions, and what kinds of offences or delinquent activities they most frequently perpetrate. An anonymous questionnaire with 32 closed, half-open and open format questions was used to collect data, and was presented to 303 respondents in years 7, 8 and 9 at five different basic schools. Of the total number of students, 49% were female and 51% male. Schools were deliberately chosen to fulfil the task set by the dissertation, i.e. the question of gender was a primary concern. The aim of the questionnaire was to find out what kinds of socially pathological activities are perpetrated by youths at basic school, and based on the subsequent findings, to decide whether current intervention work with young people at risk in the Klatovy District is sufficient. The research itself corresponds in several areas with data available from the Youth Crime Prevention Officer. In particular, it confirms that delinquency often involves driving motor vehicles without driving licences and the consumption of alcohol. The survey investigation demonstrated young people{\crq}s ignorance of the various age thresholds of criminal liability for their actions, the ascendancy of petty theft, aggression towards classmates and the consumption of illegal drugs. The research points to the conclusion that intervention and work with these groups of young people at risk in the Klatovy District, in terms of preventing illegal drug use and therapy, is insufficient, which similarly applies to the prevention of petty theft, consumption of alcohol, bullying and driving without a valid licence. The elimination of such pathological behaviour will only be successful provided that closer contact is established between school students and prevention workers (school psychologists, counsellors, etc.), as well as other potential organisations, such as the Czech Police, anti-drug co-ordinators and social workers.
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Current issues of judicature in juvenile matters
BANIAROVÁ, Petra
This thesis addresses the issues of judicature in juvenile matters, focusing on the criminality of children below 15 years of age and the specifics of judicial proceedings in cases concerning an offence punishable differently. The theoretical part outlines development of judicature in juvenile matters in the Czech Republic and the relating laws, the specifics of judicature in cases involving children below 15 years of age, cooperation of organizations acting within the given issues, and the currently discussed topics, such as lowering of the criminal liability age, development of juvenile criminality in the Czech Republic and evaluation of the act regulating judicature in juvenile matters after the several-year operation in practice. Due to their age and psychical immaturity, work with children as offenders committing offences punishable differently requires specific procedures aimed at correction of the offender and prevention of occurrence of further problems. The objective is also a fast solution of the situation, the lowest possible traumatizing of the child and protection of his/her rights. A large number of institutions, such as bodies of social-legal protection of children, the police, juvenile courts and the Probation and Mediation Service, are involved in the process. The objectives of the thesis were ascertainment of opinions of juvenile guardians on the issues, in particular on the operation of the act in practice and on its benefits and contingent drawbacks. A further objective was development of suggestions for amendment of the valid legal regulation on the basis of the respondents{\crq} answers. In connection with the set objectives, the research was conducted in the form of a structured interview with open questions. The respondents were workers of departments of social-legal protection of children under municipal authorities, and juvenile guardians. The questions were focused on the operation of the act in practice from the view of guardians, on benefits and drawbacks of the act and on the opinions of the guardians on some specifics of judicial proceedings involving children below 15 years of age. After processing the data obtained in the interviews, several suggestions for amendments of the act regulating judicature in juvenile matters were developed to
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Výskyt vybraného rizikového chování u žáků základních škol v okresech Louny a České Budějovice
NOVÁKOVÁ, Eva
Risk behaviour is considered one of the very serious problems of present social development. It has been developing dynamically and the methods used to solve it cannot be evaluated as efficient. This statement does not only apply for the Czech Republic but it affects the whole present society. We are therefore dealing with an international problem. Risk behaviour includes a wide scale of problems representing a great risk in children and youth at present and it has been dealt with by many experts. This phenomenon has been developing without cease and in our society it is a very up to date and discussed issue that should get more attention and more prevention. The diploma thesis consists of a theoretic and a practical part. The theoretic part consists of studied secondary literature and other materials and sources. To carry out the research several methods of collecting data were chosen: quantitative research methods, questioning method, data collection by means of a questionnaire. In the questionnaire several question types were applied: closed questions, semi-open questions, controlling questions and questions the evaluation of which was carried out by means of an evaluating scale. The research file for the questionnaire survey was made up by students of 9th grades of primary schools in the districts of České Budějovice and Louny. In total 593 questionnaires were handed out and filled out in both districts (404 questionnaires in České Budějovice and 189 questionnaires in Louny. The research aimed at providing an account concerning the occurrence of chosen risk behaviour in students of 9th grades of primary schools in the districts of České Budějovice and Louny and at compiling the obtained data and at comparing them mutually. The paper further aimed at finding out sources of information concerning chosen forms of risk behaviour and the rate of impact these sources may have in affecting students of 9th grades of schools in the districts of České Budějovice and Louny and how these sources can motivate students to take part in risk behaviour. To achieve the set goals the following hypotheses have been set: H1: The chosen risk behaviour occurs in a higher rate in students of primary schools in the district of Louny. H2: Information from media, the Internet and friends are for students of 9th grades of primary schools in the districts of České Budějovice and Louny more motivating to take part in chosen forms of risk behaviour than information obtained at school, from the family, lectures and meetings. Results of this paper may serve as information material for headmasters and teachers to achieve better awareness concerning the given issue at chosen primary schools in the districts of České Budějovice and Louny. Further it can be used as a basis for more efficient prevention at the given schools or as material for the needs of teaching and further research.
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Youth Mobility and its Motivation Within the European Voluntary Service
KŘEČKOVÁ, Kateřina
Concern of the thesis is about the European Union programme Youth in action with given term 2007-2013. It aims to european voluntary service. First part refers to demographic changes in youth population, motivation from the psychological point of view and to the realm of European voluntary service. Who is this programme set for, how can the participants get involved and how are the activities organized. The second part reflects the motivation in participation in European voluntary service of concrete volunteers. the questionnaire survey is used in there to better map the grounds for participation in the programme and to specify closer the volunteer's profile.
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Využití přirozené komunikace s koněm (Horsemanship) u dětí a mládeže s poruchami chování
PŘEVOROVÁ, Kateřina
This diploma thesis investigates the possibilities of using the horsemanship to help children and young people with behaviour disabilities. It is divided into seven thematic parts. At the beginning, there is the definition of the group of children and young people with behaviour disabilities. The second part, called ethology of the horse, describes the most important characteristics of the horses. The following part defines the term hypo rehabilitation. The most important characteristics of the horse, which are successfully used in therapy, are presented in the forth part. The fifth part characterizes the horsemanship and its most important representatives. The following part shows, why is horsemanship well suited to be used for this kind of clients. The last part deals with the horse therapy itself, with its effect on the client, with the role of the therapist, with the choice of horses for each kind of clients. The diploma thesis has proven the importance of the social behaviour of the horse in the therapy and the possibility of using it as a mirror in the work with people. Further, it has shown the necessity of future investigations in this field and the urgency of further education of the therapists in psychotherapy, ethology and communication with the horses.
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Experience with alkohol at students of secondary vocational schools in Chomutov
RAZAKOWSKÁ, Jana
Alcohol consumption has been widespread among young people in the Czech Republic. Since our society accept this phenomenon the problematics has become more and more serious. The thesis should map the situation concerning alcohol consumption among 15{--}19 year old students of secondary technical schools in Chomutov, their first experience with this drug, where they first tasted it and how often they use it, and compare the results of the survey to the ESPAD study. Some other information was requested, e.g. students´ opinion on abstinence from drinking at social events or their personal experience of illegal drugs. The theoretical part of the thesis is concerned with the impact of alcohol use on a human body, alcohol abuse rise, alcoholism as a psychosomatic disease, risks resulting from drinking alcohol and prevention of this pathological phenomenon. The hypothesis stated at the beginning, that most students have personal experience with alcohol drinking, has been proved. A quantitative method based on the unnamed questionnaires for 15{--}19 year old students was used for collecting the data. It was proceeded by a test survey at secondary nursing school where only some students were chosen to respond so that the functionality and completeness of the questionnaire could be checked. There were 259 students asked to fill in the questionnaire. 96,5 % of them drink alcohol occasionally, they first tasted it at home parties when they were 13 years old. The results of this survey were referred to school headteachers and those who are working on social pathological phenomenon prevention so that they can use the information in the framework of primary prevention at schools.
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Drug Abuse and Crime of Youngsters
BRÁZDOVÁ, Pavla
Nowadays this pathological phenomenon is widely spread. Despite the tendencies of repressing it, drug abuse is presented in the society, youngers including. Crime appears in association with drug abuse. The youngters undergo many significant changes connected with the age and they do not always cope with it successfully. They are predisposed to admitting a risky way of life and so they can become drug addicted quite easily. This work informs readers about the most common drugs used by the younsters, brings the characteristics of the drugs and the adolescents as a specific group together with the imminent danger and refers to kinds of drug crime as well as to its prevention. The aim of the work is to clarify the causes of the crime done by the younsters who use intoxicants and psychotropics. The author focused on family background of the young people, the kinds of drugs they use and their personal lives. All the findings were interpreted on the basis of similar features. A qualitative method, based on expert opinion of fifteen people observed, was used. In this particular case, the method was focused mainly on the family life, e.i. the background the child comes from. It resulted into the hypothesis that the young people come from one-parent or problem families where parent/s do not manage the upbringing sufficiently. The next part was centred on the criminal acts especially their kinds which are linked to the drug abuse. Followed from conclusion there are two main kinds of crime. Firstly keeping and producing drugs and secondly property crime the purpose of which is to raise money on drugs. As for the private lives of the young people, several interesting facts have resulted from the survey. The most important and surprising one is that the young drug users, who commit crime, cannot preserve long-term partner and labour relations.
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The level of knowledge about HIV/AIDS between the students of the educational establishment in the region Zlin
STŘÍTESKÁ, Lucie
Abstract I have decided to write about this theme because these days we hear or read in the media a lot of misinterpreted information about the HIV virus or AIDS. I have decided to discover which misinterpreted information the students have and also how it was acquired. I believe that efficient information and knowledge about this theme will bring increasing interest in these dilemmas, which can have a positive impact on their sexual behaviour and also prevention. The main goal of my work is to discover the overall level of knowledge in the given HIV/AIDS dilemma of students in training colleges, as well as to describe hazardous risk behaviour and effectiveness of HIV/AIDS prevention lectures. The research group was comprised of students (100 respondents) in training colleges from the Zlin region. The questionnaire method of information collection was used. I have stated three hypotheses, all of which were confirmed. In the first hypothesis I assumed that the students´ knowledge in the given dilemma are higher in students of non-technical branches than in those from technical branches. In the second hypothesis I supposed that part of the information will be in a misinterpreted form. In the third, I assumed that sexual behaviour of students will depict the risk of HIV/AIDS transmission. The results of this work can serve to increase awareness among young people and to target on the focus of primary prevention.
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Problematics of factors influencing juvenile delinquency
NYKLESOVÁ, Eva
The degree paper deals with the issues of juvenile delinquency and the factors which have impact on the origination of the juvenile delinquency. I have chosen this topic since it is a very serious problem and this phenomenon has been proliferating significantly. The crime in general, especially the juvenile delinquency, is a serious social-pathological phenomenon. Minors who do not reach the limit of criminal liability often became the offenders. In addition, the probability of threatening a young man by social pathological phenomena and his subsequent ``criminal career{\crqq} is currently much higher than ever before. To recognize the occurrence of risk factors among the youth in time it is necessary for the families, teachers, educators and all professionals working with the juveniles to acquire sufficient knowledge, information and experience and be able to work with the factors and fight against them in time. The theoretical part deals with the definition of the term ``youth{\crqq}, the personality of a young delinquent, structure of the juvenile delinquency, analyses of the risk factors which most frequently participate in the occurrence of juvenile delinquency, and outlines the possibilities of intervention against the juvenile delinquency and various kinds of prevention. The research is focused on the occurrence of risk factors among the young respondents and on protective factors and attitudes of the respondents in respect of the juvenile delinquency and the crime at all. Structured interviews were held with the youth which are placed in the reformatory or special correctional institutions in the territory of the Regional of Plzeň. The main objective of the degree paper is to describe the factors which significantly affect the occurrence of the juvenile delinquency and to map the occurrence and impact of such factors on the juveniles placed in the correctional and reformatory social retraining institutions in the Region of Plzeň. Hypothesis No. 1 is: The youth commit property crimes at the most. Hypothesis No. 2: The youth behave improperly namely when in groups. Hypothesis No. 3: The decisive factor affecting the juvenile delinquency is the family. I think that the objectives of the degree paper were fulfilled. Hypothesis No. 1 was confirmed. The respondents mostly stated that they were adjudicated treatment in special reformatory institution due to property crimes. Hypothesis No. 2 was also confirmed. The replies of the respondents mostly contained the possibility that they committed crime within a gang. Hypothesis No. 3 was confirmed, too: Analyses of the research proves that all factors participating in the occurrence of the juvenile delinquency are penetrated with the impact of the family and family environment on the juveniles. Results of the performed research will be used for further education of the students at the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, as well as for the students of other auxiliary professions at other universities. The results will be further used as the source of information for parents and pedagogical professionals working with the youth and as source materials for seminars about the given topic.
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Motivation Towards the Visual Arts via Art Techniques in Free Time Pedagogy
TREJBALOVÁ, Martina
Motivation youth towards the visual arts via art techniques in free time pedagogy. The purpose of bachelor work was analyse by means of young people motivation to positive affinity to plastic art. Theoretic part put brain to explication basic concepts, which be related to work theme. The first chapters I explained bacis consepts, namely conception art, plastic art and aesthetics in human relation to mentioned values. In the next chapters I put mind to guestions of young people, guestions and importance of the free time. The last theme of theoretic part is motivation. Motivation in the concepts definition and motivation youth to visual art activities by means of today`s visual arts projectes. Practical part put mind to the plastic project ,,Colour sensation of music``. The purpose of the project is visual expession of subjective experience, which was induced by the auditory sensation of music. The project is specialised for young people. Now it`s harder motivate them to every activities with the visual activities. So I wanted to find one way to motivate young people to visual activity trough this project. Conclusion of bachelor work summarises knowledges and observations sequence of this visual project.
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