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Consciousness and unconsciousness. Theoretical analysis
Skála, Pavel ; Kebza, Vladimír (advisor) ; Uhlář, Pavel (referee)
This theoretical study is looking into consciousness, unconsciousness and concepts that are associated with it. It also goes back to the historical approach to these two terms, yet it points out the terminological obstacles that are inseparably connected with them. Both constructs are being discussed from an integrated perspective therefore neither mapping of the neurobiology of consciousness nor the summary of the major approaches to the philosophical mind-body problem, is left out of consideration. The unconsciousness research methods are divided according to the predominant focus into experimental and clinical. The study also covers an analysis as well as a review of significant theoretical approaches to consciousness and unconsciousness. These theoretical concepts were classified based on distinction of relevant scientific disciplines that are used to describe the problems in question. Neurobiological, psychological and philosophical theories were later categorized according to this method. The final conclusion brings a complex overview of these topics previously dealt with in the study. It attempts to integrate the findings into a comprehensive framework and to deal with some general issues that indicate possibilities and limits of the theoretical and practical research into both phenomena....
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The Fetish of the Oldest Sound. Science, politics, and the fascination with the beginnings of sound recordings
Kratochvíl, Matěj
The invention of the phonograph in the late 19th century started an obsession with the recorded sound as a document of history. As such it became an important part of the human need to create stories from archival materials and to see them as parts of objective truth, a direct connection with the past. With the growing accessibility of historical audio documents, we need to look critically at these sources and at the possibility to take them as a trace leading to the beginning of a particular part of music history. The present paper shows in which ways we can see the phenomenon of sound recording truly as the beginning of something new and in which cases such an impression can be misleading. Unconsciously or with a political or other intent, recordings can present music in a very different, sometimes distorted form. With special focus on traditional music, the author attempts to formulate some general ideas that should be kept in mind when dealing with historical recordings so that we do not become too fascinated with the “past speaking directly to us”.
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Chaos
Vogelová, Tereza ; Fajnor, Richard (referee) ; Stratil, Václav (advisor)
The existing world is becoming more disrupted and is falling apart. For its resurrection and restoration, a new way of thinking is necessary. This new type of thinking is needed to be able to open up its mind and to think about the process of thinking itself; it must understand what is happening in other systems, where processes seem to be taking place by themselves without any other visible interference. First Chaos is the title for an intermedia installation which contains 90 black and white photographs, both digital and analogue, all of which were taken between the years 2008 and 2012. Together, the photographs create one coherent piece – a kind of sculpture. They can evoke a "still film" with a non-linear, cyclical storyline, whilst the images can simultaneously function individually, without any connection to other photographs.
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Management Board Composition of Banking Institutions and Bank Risk-Taking: The Case of the Czech Republic
Žigraiová, Diana
The paper investigates how the management board composition of banking institutions affects their risk-taking behavior in the Czech Republic. More specifically, we examine the effect of average director age, the proportion of female directors, the proportion of non-national directors, and director education level on four different bank risk proxies. We build a unique data set comprising selected biographical information on the management board members of Czech financial institutions holding a banking license over the 2001–2012 period. Our most robust finding is that higher proportions of non-national directors increase bank risk as measured by profit volatility and reduce bank stability as captured by the Z-score for the Czech banking sector overall and for the segments of general commercial banks, small and mid-sized banks and adequately capitalized banks. Moreover, we also detect risk-increasing implications of board size for the segments of building societies and small and mid-sized banks. As for average board tenure, its effect on risk-taking varies depending on bank characteristics. We find mixed evidence on the effect of female directors and do not find any strong effect of directors’ age on risk in the Czech banking sector. All in all, the results of our analysis are subject to the proxy of bank risk used. The reader should keep in mind that higher absolute level of bank risk is not necessarily unfavorable as it does not capture if risk-taking behavior is excessive for a given return.
Fulltext:  PDF
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Open Data and where to put them?
Simandlová, Tereza
The scientific community and general public is not only interested in Open Access to the fulltexts but also in Open Data. Open Data enhance the information transfer, save money and increase the transparency of scientific communication. Lately Open Data have become a trend across many research fields. The paper aims to present the Open Data initiative, Enhanced publication term and also present examples of data repositories.
Slides: idr-481_1 - PDF
Video: idr-481_2 -  MP4
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Irrationality in the decision making process
Renner, Petr ; Švecová, Lenka (advisor) ; Vrbová, Lucie (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the crucial aspect of manager's and leader's role in both public and private organizations -- decision making. It explains the different phases of the decision making process, and then challenges the classical concept based on the theory of rational choice with the results of many experiments outlining a slightly different picture of reality. It seems thought, that human decisions are not fully rational indeed. Despite the availability of advanced methods and tools, many of us instinctively rely on a variety of mental shortcuts and simplifications. Even worse, because they are rooted very deep into our minds and are rather non conscious, we tend to make the same mistakes again and again. To explore and to be fully aware of the danger of this psychological traps threatening the different phases of the decision making process, is the first important step on the way to weaken their influence. Tips and hints illustrated with many experiments and real-life examples from business in this thesis should help us to improve the quality of our decisions and achieve better results.
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Action-Movie Hero in the Pre-School Childs Life
ŠIKLOVÁ, Eva
This thesis is divided into two parts {--} theoretic and practical. The theoretic part has three chapters. The first chapter puts mind to definition, evolution and effects of media, studies the television and film (their negatives and positives). The second chapter draws near pre-school child, some theories of TV influence and conditions increasing the risk of the negative effects. The third chapter is focused on the present TV offer, makes references to the Law on Broadcasting and some action films and heroes. The practical part brings the results of the research that collected the parents, teachers and children views on the present action hero. In the end is an advice as a solution for some situations, which were caused by watching the action films.
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