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Study of diaphragm pump with linear motor
Dubový, Ľuboš ; Habán, Vladimír (referee) ; Pochylý, František (advisor)
The content of this master‘s thesis is a study of diaphragm pump with linear drive. Linear motor was used as the linear drive. Thesis is well – founded by theoretic calculation of pump and its design draft. Likewise, the thesis includes optimalization of suction, or pressure, valve for pump, created by using computer fluid dynamics software. Thesis is complemented by basic view of different types of pumps based on the classification by hydrodynamic and hydrostatic pumps. Subsequently, the preview of blood – flow pumps is presented.
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Electrolyzer for hydrogen production
Kunovjánek, Miroslav ; Knotek, Tomáš (referee) ; Sedlaříková, Marie (advisor)
The work is concerned with a production of hydrogen and oxygen through by the help of electrolytic process in a device called electrolyzer. The basis of the work is assurance of the best efficiency of this process by testing a variety of materials and surfaces of electrodes, and testing different types of alkalic electrolytes.
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Stress incontinence and the possibilities of targeted rehabilitation
VYHLÍDALOVÁ, Denisa
The topic of my bachelor thesis is stress incontinence and options of targeted physiotherapy. The first section contains theoretical background concerning mentioned problems. The theoretical section summarizes anatomical and physiological facts about urinary system and pelvic floor, and the theory of incontinence. There are described types of urinary incontinence and their causes. As next, there are mentioned the options of diagnostics and treatment especially of stress incontinence. Incontinence, i.e. involuntary leakage of urine, is one of the most widespread female inconveniences of recent years. It brings many problems, not only physical ones but also mental, and so that it has negative impact on quality of the life. This involuntary leakage of urine is not an illness to all intents and purposes but symptom with various causes. The most common cause are weakened muscles of pelvic floor, which belong to the deep stability system. They significantly support the whole stability system of the trunk. These muscles and fasciae of pelvic floor provide proper stabilization of urinary bladder, urethral closure, and urethra in proper position and by this they assure continence, especially when intra abdominal pressure increases. The muscles of pelvic floor and diaphragm participate together in breathing. The frequency of incidence of urinary incontinence increases depending upon the age. One of the incontinence types is stress incontinence. Urine leakage is always related to physical activity. Urine leakage happens when intra abdominal pressure increases and happens without contraction of detrusor. Unlike against other disorders, it is possible to fight successfully against incontinence not using only drugs and operative surgery. The treatment of incontinence is in recent years relatively successful and with the help of proper and regular exercise it is possible to prevent it. According to some recommendations, when treating stress incontinence, physiotherapy should be chosen as a primary treatment. The goal of physiotherapy is the effort to help patient to be able to activate muscles of pelvic floor in situations when the leakage of urine is expected. There was used the method of qualitative research in practical section of the thesis, using case studies of 2 patients suffering from stress incontinence. The thesis contains entry and final kinesiologic analysis completed with the query CONTILIFE, the plan with adequate exercises and measures, and the final success rate of the treatment. The goal of the thesis was to point out significant role of physiotherapy in the treatment of patient with stress incontinence, then outline the available rehabilitation methods and propose complex of appropriate exercises and measures. There was created a booklet with the list of exercises for each patient. Patients have exercised using these single exercises being previously instructed about them for eight weeks, and they were simultaneously controlled on regular basis. Patients were observed in a complex manner so that the individual therapy was made for each of them according to individual problems, revealed in entry kinesiologic analysis. Final results of this study showed that the chosen therapy was successful and patients mention not only subjective feeling of improvement of their incontinence problems during the day, but also an improvement of their physical condition and relief from the pain of the cervical and lumbar spine due to a complex approach and individual therapy.
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Effect of jumping training on the postural functions of the spine
KEPKOVÁ, Jana
For my bachelor thesis I chose the theme ?The Effect of Jumping Exercise on Postural Functions of the Spine.? Jumping is safe and gentle aerobic exercise on mini trampolines, which has beneficial effect on virtually all systems of the human body. Speaking about the deep stabilization system, we mean muscle interplay mm.multifidi, diaphragm, pelvic floor and abdominal muscles, which together regulate intra-abdominal pressure. This muscular interplay which ensures stabilization of the spine is activated throughout all movements. Its dysfunction is one of the most significant factors causing back pain. The jumping exercise strengthens these important muscles and improves the overall stability of the body. The objective of the research was to assess the deep stabilization system with respect to kinesiology and kinesiotherapy and to find out whether and how the jumping exercise influences the postural functions of the spine. The data for the thesis were collected by means of qualitative research, by the method of case study and the technique of personal case study. The examination of probands includes a brief history, palpation and visual examination, the examination of deep stabilizing system by functional tests and then also the testing by L.A.S.A.R posture device. Based on the comparison of the initial examination and the final examination, which followed after 10 weeks of jumping exercise, a previously set research question was answered. The thesis involves the theoretical part, which describes the jumping exercise, anatomy, examination of the deep stabilization system and its importance for our body. The practical part involves objectives of the thesis, research questions, the description of methodology, discussions with the authors from which I drew information and primarily, processed results in the form of case reports. The research results show that there were clear positive effects of the deep stabilization system and other structures in all probands. On the jumping lessons the probands were regularly forced to activate the muscles of the deep stabilization system, which resulted in reduction of back pains, in reduction of knee pain in one case and the overall stability of the body improved. The results of the thesis could be used in therapeutic procedures of physiotherapists, for the purposes of further research, in teaching and also in the implementation of more efficient jumping lesson, etc.
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Importance of foot for exercises of deep stabilizing muscles
TURKOVÁ, Alena
The issue of deep stabilization system is still topical at present as its dysfunction causes vertebrogenic problems, one of the most frequent causes of disability to work. The deep stabilization system represents a functional stabilization unit including particularly diaphragm, mm. multifidi, abdominal wall muscles and pelvic bottom muscles. Balanced interaction between muscles is important as this system participates in backbone stabilization and is involved in all moves. A foot is an important part of stabilization system as stabilization of vertically standing body starts in the foot inner muscles. Qualitative research, the method of case study was applied on the data collection. The research was performed for 9 to 12 weeks on a sample of 4 probands who suffered from vertebrogenic problems. The examination of probands consisted of anamnesis, static and dynamic check-up of aspections, palpation examination, examination of the deep stabilization system by functional test and examination of feet. The aim of the thesis was to outline how the use of the foot affects the deep stabilization system and to propose a set of exercises and aids for its correct activation. The theoretical part of the thesis describes foot anatomy and function and the most important part of the deep stabilization system, its examination and therapeutic possibilities including proper use of aids. The practical part presents the aims of the research, describes the methodology and results of the research elaborated in the form of case studies. The Annex also contains a set of exercises affecting the deep stabilization system with application of balance aids. The research results show that body posture has improved in all the probands, all the patients were capable of isolated contraction of the individual DSS parts and functional involvement of the whole system. Influencing of the feet and the whole system led to better stability and graphesthesia on the foot sole, backache has subsided. This thesis may be used in physiotherapeutic clinical practice or as educational material for patients.
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Physiotherapy for gastroesophageal reflux
ŠIRMAROVÁ, Jitka
This thesis deals with the issue of etiology and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It has been proved that the locomotor system affects occurrence of this disease in many aspects therefore, apart from the primary care of gastroenterologists and general practitioners, treatment using physiotherapeutic techniques becomes significant. Sphincter mechanism at the lower end of the oesophagus being the most important anti-reflux barrier in terms of function is described in the theoretical part in detail. Possible ways and factors involved in occurrence of gastroesophageal reflux and then current treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease are mentioned. The other part of the theoretical part is aimed at: relations between the internal organs and locomotor system, the diaphragm function and its relation to occurrence of GERD, and possibilities of rehabilitation treatment of patients with this disease. The goal of the theoretical part was to provide a research on the current situation. The practical part was prepared by means of a qualitative research. The tested set consisted of three patients diagnosed with GERD being treated at the Gastroenterological Ward in České Budějovice Hospital. Patients? anamneses were taken and kinesiological testing was done. Similarly, all three patients were identified with a disorder of trunk stabilization. Upon this, individual therapies were proposed and carried out, which was the goal of the practical part, too. Physiotherapy was aimed at: affecting the position of the rib cage and improving its dynamics while breathing, training of breathing stereotype, activation of the abdominal wall, affecting the stabilizing function of legs, exercises in developmental series and modified positions, Jacobson's progressive muscle relaxation, and affecting reflexive changes using soft techniques. The research issue was whether the symptoms of GERD could be affected by treatment of functional disorders of the locomotor system in a positive way. There were certain changes in the kinesiological testing (e.g. change in the activity of lower and upper fixators of scapulae with relaxation of the trapezius, releasing the rigidity of the chest, affecting the dynamic stability of the body) during a three-month therapy. However, functional disorders were not affected that much so any described symptoms of GERD could be changed. The results of the therapy were limited by motivation, attitude and patients? metal state. Not only the internal organ but also the locomotor system probably plays a role in occurrence of the reflux; but also psyche, and all these parts of a human being affect each other. Therefore the treatment of a multifactorial disease such as GERD should be comprehensive. Apart from physiotherapy, metal area, too, and all factors should be treated at the same time, which requires interdisciplinary cooperation unfortunately lagging behind.
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Correction of movement stereotypes within the therapy of bronchial asthma
HEBÍK, Štěpán
The aim of this bachelors thesis is the description of existence, corrective measures and causal mechanisms standing behind pathological movement programs among asthmatics. Moreover, it focuses on finding incorrect movement programs with particular asthma bronchiale patients. Subsequently, the erroneous programs are altered through special therapy to moderate the impact and to minimize the complications connected with the disease. The paper is divided into several intertwined sections, including the comprehensive depiction of asthma bronchiale and its impact on the human movement apparatus. In the following sections, asthmatic movement programs are studied, while identifying the mechanisms of their creation and systematic remedy. The realization of the aforementioned aims begins in the theoretical part of this work by processing the expert information gathered from dedicated literature on the topic. Research was done with the help of qualitative methods drawn up from four specific case studies. Furthermore, special examination methods, spirometer measurement, and short ČIPA (disease control) questionnaires were used to collect even more relevant information. In the same time, subjective feelings of the patients were taken in regard in the 8 weeks in which they were subjected to the therapy at Poliklinika Jih Medipont s.r.o. The corrective measures of the programmes were chosen according to the needs of the individual patients. Each of them reacted differently to the methods and processes altering the movement programmes. The results have shown that correcting the movement programmes may result in improving asthma control and reducing the subjective manifestations of the disease, and, at the same time, increase the spirometric values concerning the obstruction of respiratory passages. This work can be used as a tool for future physiotherapy students, in practice by clinical workers, but it can also be purposeful as an educational material for asthma patients.
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DEEP STABILIZING MUSCLES
ŘEHŮŘKOVÁ, Markéta
The topic of this bachelor thesis is a deep stabilization system. The system consists of muscles which stabilize the backbone while at rest or in motion. A dysfunction of the deep stabilization system is one of many potential causes of vertebrogenic disorders and a targeted affecting of the deep stabilization system of the backbone is a fundamental therapeutic method in treatment of back pain. The purpose of the first part of this thesis was to process information available in literature about this issue. The theoretical part of this thesis contains information about the anatomy, function, examination options and some principles and methods of therapeutic affecting of the deep stabilization system. The purpose of the research part of this thesis was to select suitable clients for effective treatment of the deep stabilization system and practical verification of the individual examination and therapeutic methods used in physiotherapy to treat vertebrogenic disorders. The practical part of this bachelor thesis uses methods of qualitative research and case studies. The research was conducted in an outpatient department of the rehabilitation ward of the hospital in Blansko. The tested group consisted of three female patients with vertebrogenic disorders who were monitored for several months. The results have been processed in form of case reports. After their deep stabilization systems were affected all the patients have reported improvement of the disorder and reduction of pain; the patients learned to breathe correctly and to activate their deep stabilization muscles, including strengthening and relaxation of the pelvic bottom and autotherapy exercises. The treatment was completed with a final examination which demonstrated that the care of the patients´ deep stabilization systems effectively reduced their symptoms, which means that the purpose of the research part of this thesis has been fulfilled. This bachelor thesis may be used in clinical physiotherapeutic practice.
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