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Genetic Algorithms - Multi-core CPU Implementation
Studnička, Vladimír ; Kuba, Martin (referee) ; Matoušek, Radomil (advisor)
his diploma thesis deals with creating the most universal library of genetic algorithms in C++, as much as possible, implemented with the certain number of universal operators, and then with testing created library on some examples. Library must support multi-core processors, implementation will be done over OpenMP. The library will be tested on three examples in all. The first two examples are mathematical functions, that are used just for genetic algorithms testing. Last problem for test is N-Queens problem. Finally we will use genetic algorithms to try find solution for Eternity II puzzle, there is declared a 2 million bounty for full solution.
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Digital image analysis of mitotic chromosomes
Danielová, Tereza ; Provazník, Ivo (referee) ; Škutková, Helena (advisor)
This master’s thesis is focused on digital image analysis of mitotic chromosomes. It deals with the design of the processing of digital images - from image preprocessing to clasification of each chromosomes, including testing on a set of images. This work introduces used cytogenetic methods, that are used to visualize chromosomes. In its practical part describes morphology operations and clasification procedure. Classification of the chomosomes was divided into 5 groups (A-G). All algorithms were created in the MATLAB program.
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Evolutionary algorithms
Bortel, Martin ; Karásek, Jan (referee) ; Burget, Radim (advisor)
Thesis describes main attributes and principles of Evolutionary and Genetic algorithms. Crossover, mutation and selection are described as well as termination options. There are examples of practical use of evolutionary and genetic algorithms. Optimization of distribution routes using PHP&MySQL and Google Maps API technologies.
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Towards the Automatic Design of Image Filters Based on Cartesian Genetic Programming
Kečkéš, Miroslav ; Uher, Václav (referee) ; Karásek, Jan (advisor)
The aim of this diploma thesis is using cartesian genetic programming on design image filters and creating basic structure for implement diferent type of problems. Genetic programming is rapidly growing method, which often using for solve dificult problems. This thesis analyze basic principle, way of application and implementing this method to design filters. Result of this thesis is program realize design filters define by specific parameters, overview of implementig method and achieve summary from this sphere.
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Genetic Algorithm Design for Distribution Network Outfits Optimalization
Ondruš, Tomáš ; Skala, Petr (referee) ; Paar, Martin (advisor)
The work deals with genetic algorithms and their potential use in application software to optimize high voltage switching elements of distribution network. Theoretical part explains the basic concepts of genetic algorithms such as a gene, population and chromosome and basic principles of the development of genetic algorithms.. The main task of the thesis is to design the algorithm that will simulate the distribution of the sectionalizers by telecontrolled section switches or reclosers and analyze how to set the the parameters affecting the convergence speed of genetic algorithm. The basic parameters affecting the convergence of breeding, mutation probability, population size or using of elitism. The second goal is finding a suitable set of input parameters for the selected population sizes without and with using elitism. The results of the work determine the most appropriate settings for each generation and determining the approximate number of generations needed to find the best solution. The genetic algorithm applocation was tested on a less extensive distribution network with six switching elements
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Digital Image Analysis of Mitotic Chromosomes
Buchta, M.
The present work describes the cytogenetic from the point of view of image processing. We propose an algorithm which is able to treat every aspect of this analysis such as segmentation and separation of chromosomes. Moreover, our algorithm is tested on images of chromosomes labelled with 2 different methods coming from various free databases.
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Using of aCGH method in preimplantation genetic diagnostics
PITTROVÁ, Monika
Preimplantation genetic analysis allows testing embryos produced by in vitro fertilisation before their transfer into the uterus. Preimplantation genetic analysis can be performed as screening of random aneuploidies (PGS) or targeted diagnosis of familial chromosomal aberrations or monogenic diseases (PGD) or combination of both approaches (PGD/PGS). Preimplantation genetic testing is appropriate for wide spectre of patients undregoing human assisted reproduction treatment. Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is sensitive and high throughput method for detection of chromosomal copy number changes on whole embryonal genome, therefore allows performing screening of random aneuploidies (PGS) in combination with diagnosis of unbalanced chromosomal familial aberrations (PGD/PGS). The data for this study were obtained from Genetic Laboratory IVF Zentren Prof. Zech in Pilsen during 2014. The results of 469 examined embryonal samples resulting from 98 clients were analysed. All biopsies of trophectoderm cells were performed on blastocyst stage. All embryonal samples underwent whole genome amplification (WGA) and were processed using 24sure microarrays (BlueGnome). PGS was performed for 366 embryos in total and combined analysis including PGS and PGD was performed for 103 embryos. An average maternal age at the time of analysis was 40,5. This study demonstrates that there is significantly higher rate of aneuploidy in patients of higher maternal age. A suitability of PGS for older patients was confirmed. In other groups of patients containing IVF cycles with donated oocytes or patients carrying familial chromosomal aberrations a higher profit of fertility treatment was observed.
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Examination of the karyotype from amniotic fluid
MOULEOVÁ, Pavlína
My bachelor work is focused on the examination of the karyotype from amniotic fluid. The examination of the karyotype from amniotic fluid being obtained by amniocentesis is a basic method of prenatal diagnostics. It is possible to confirm or exclude fetal chromosomal aberrations with this examination. Amniocentesis is an invasive method of obtaining amniotic fluid. The risk of complications associated with amniocentesis, such as a miscarriage or a premature rupture, is around 0.5-1%. The indication for amniocentesis is performed by a geneticist, mostly on the basis of positive results of screening examinations. Amniocentesis itself is done between the sixteenth and eighteenth week of pregnancy. The self cultivation and the following processing of the preparation is usually between 10-17 days, therefore it is very important to set a term for this amniocentesis. Cells are separated by centrofugation from amniotic fluid. After that these are seeded in a culture medium where they grow to the required amount. At the end of the cultivation period, the division of cells is blocked in the metaphase of mitotic division by adding Colcemid. This is followed by processing for the microscopic views which includes hypotonia, fixation and the creation of native preparations which are stained most frequently by Giemsa - Romanovsky technique for G-banding. The these samples are evaluated in the light microscope with using a computer karyotyping system. During the stage in the laboratory Genetics - Plzeň s.r.o., I took the measurements of 50 samples of amniotic fluid. Forty-eight samples of all these were negative ( it menas that they had a normal karyotype) and 2 samples were positive . One of them was trisomy of the 21st chromosome, which is characteristic of Down syndrome. The second one was the reciprocal translocations, which was determined by FISH.
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The occurrence of chromosomal aberrations in the Czech Republic
LANDOVÁ, Ivana
The objektive of this bachelor's thesis was to describe the occurrence of chromosomal aberrations in the Czech Republic and to verify whether the literary data agree with the current occurrence rates. This thesis consist of 2 parts: The theoretical part of the thesis describe phenotypic symptoms and signs of chromosomal aberrations, their origin, causes and occurence rates in the population as reported in the literature. In the practical part, I tried to verify these occurrence rates of the aberrations based on results of investigations (both prenatal and postnatal) provided by the following laboratories: Genetika Plzeň s.r.o., Institute of Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Karlovy Vary, and Institute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital, Pzeň. I have also used data obtained from the Czech Institute of Medical Information and Statistics (ÚZIS) as well as data found in various Internet sites. The purpose of this research was to provide graphics demonstrating the results, unify various types of results and try to find possible interrelations. It is obvious from the results that there has been a shift in the age group of maximum fertility from ages 20 ? 24 in 1995 to 30 ? 34 years in 2008. The mean age of mothers whose foetuses were diagnosed with Down syndrome in individual years ranged in the interval from 27 to 37.5 years. There were no differences in the representation of Down syndrome in individual years, and also the representations found in individual workplaces did not show any significant differences, ranging from 0.19 to 1.52%. The mean occurrence rate of Down syndrome as calculated from the results published by ÚZIS from the period 1994 ? 2007 was 1 for 1,700 live births. I succeeded in realizing all the targets of my work. Both prenatal and postnatal occurrence rates of aberrations in the workplaces of interest varied for individual years or showed only minor signs of increasing or decreasing rates. Monitoring of larger number of workplaces appears warranted to confirm my hypothesis.
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