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Zhodnocení výkonnosti koní ve vytrvalostních soutěžích na Slovensku
Hanicová, Zuzana
The present Master's thesis aims to evaluate the performance of horses in endurance competitions in Slovak Republic. The database used for consequent statistical analysis was developed by manual insertion of data from the 2008 -- 2012 years range. Control factors evaluated included ranking in competitions, the overall time spent to master the tracks, and the average speed of individual horses in endurance races. Examination based on the GLM statistical method proved a significant correlation between geographical location of the race and the rank achieved by individual competitors. Using the same method, it was found there is no statistical correlation between country of origin, gender, colour, breed, age, length of the track, year of the race nor year of birth of the horse; and rank in the race. Following multiple comparisons of results according to Scheffe's method and Tukey-B statistical test confirms there were neither highly significant differences nor significant differences observed in between individual control factors. Based on GLM statistical method, it was found that geographical location of the race, breed of the horse and length of the track do have a statistically high significant impact on overall time spent to master the track by the competitor. In contrast, it was found the country of origin, gender, colour, age, year of the race and year of birth of the horse do not have a statistically verifiable impact on the overall time spent to master the track. Examined under Scheffe's method, sample group consisting of Poland, Germany and Russia was found to be statistically significantly the worst out of all countries tested, with the highest average overall time spent to master the track. Conversely, Slovak Republic proved to have statistically significantly better results than Czech Republic, Hungary and the previously mentioned sample group consisting of Poland, Germany and Russia. Horses of Slovak Republic statistically achieved the best, therefore the shortest average overall time spent to master the track. Austria proved to have statistically significantly better results than Hungary and the sample group of countries mentioned above. Czech Republic proved to have statistically significantly better results than Hungary and sample group consisting of Poland, Germany and Russia. Based on GLM statistical method, it was found that country of origin, geographical location of the race, breed of the horse and length of the track do have a statistically high significant impact on average speed of the horse on track. In contrast, it was found that gender, colour, age, year of the race and year of birth of horses do not have a statistically verifiable impact on the average speed of the horse on track. Based on multiple comparisons of results according to Scheffe's method, the author observes significant differences in performance of horses originating from different countries. The sample group consisting of Poland, Germany and Russia proved to be statistically significantly the best, which means that horses originating from here achieved the highest average speed in races. The Slovak Republic proved to be statistically significantly worse than the Czech Republic, where Slovak horses performed worse in terms of the average speed than Czech horses.
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Vliv ročního období na využívání odpočívárny v podmínkách aktivního ustájení koní
MARTINCOVÁ, Veronika
The quality and time of rest is together with feeding and physical activity the most important factor having an impact on both, mental and physical health in horses. This diploma thesis was dealing with the impact of a specific season and age on the use of a rest area in the conditions of active horse stables. The first part of this diploma thesis has processed a literary overview focused on the principles and types of horse-breeding technology and ethological rest activities. The topic of active stables has been sudied in greater detail. Observation was done at an active stable in Mažice. A total of 22 horses were being observed aged 2 to 27 in fifteen 24-hour long intervals using camera footage. The impact of individual seasons (summer, autumn and winter) and age (young, middle-aged and old horses) on the rest activities in rest areas was being observed and evaluated. A difference in the average length of one visit in the seasons observed. In autumn, it was longest on average, 35 minutes in comparison to 30 minutes in winter and summer. In case of lying down the average time of one visit differed significantly - in winter it was 30 minutes and 41 minutes in summer. The rest area was used least by young horses in autumn, 179 minutes per 24 hours. Comparing the utilization the rest areas during the year, a more significant utilization of rest area number 2 (352 minutes per 24 hours) was proven in comparison to the rest area number 1 (161 minutes per 24 hours in summer). Evaluating the day and night, the lowest average time values spent in rest areas were noted during autumn and summer (130 minutes per day and 162 minutes per day). On average, the horses would spend the longest time of 218 minutes per night and during the day in winter of 237 minutes per day in the rest areas. The results show that it is necessary to pay attention to stable design, not only from the perspective of size but also orientation. With regard to the time the horses spend there, they are a significant factor having an impact on the quality of their lives.
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Způsoby hodnocení stresu u koní
ČERNÁ, Michaela
This bachelor's thesis deals with the currently highly addressed issues in horse bree-ding, which is stress. It can be caused by a number of causes and lead to a number of undesirable consequences. These can adversely affect the health, performance or behavior of the animals. Therefore, this is a very important topic for horse breeders. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to write available current information about horse stress and select appropriate methods for its evaluation. The following proce-dures were chosen: heart rate, cortisol levels, body temperature and eye temperatu-re. The observation included 3 individuals who were integrated into the new herd. The most effective way to evaluate the degree of tremor in the incorporation of horses into a new herd was to measure the temperature of the eye using a thermal camera. Within 3 days, the value of the eye temperature dropped from 35.5 °C to 31.6 °C. An invasive and accurate method for determining stress in horses was found-free determination of blood cortisol concentrations, which were recorded at 64.3 nmol / l, 29.7 nmol / l when collected at 17:00 and 149 nmol / l when collected at 10:00. The morning time proved to be more suitable for blood collection to assess the degree of stress. Heart rate was recorded as normal (36 bpm, 44 bpm) and did not reflect the stress response. Rectal temperature measurement has proven difficult to perform in horses in a new environment and under stress. Eye temperature measurement proved to be the most accurate method for asses-sing stress in horses and blood cortisol levels, which is more suitable for scientific purposes. However, the goal of every breeder should be to try to prevent stressful situations, especially by fulfilling the welafre in horse breeding.
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Nepravidelnosti postojů u hříbat po narození a možnosti jejich korekce
SOUKUPOVÁ, Dominika
The diploma thesis was targeted towards on the irregularities of attitudes in foals after birth and the possibility of their correction. A total of 8 foals were monitored, of that 6 were geldings and 2 were mares, of various breeds and ages and from various owners within the Czech Republic.The initial, ongoing and final condition of the foals' hooves was recorded using photographs. The angle of the hoof, the angle of the anterior wall of the hoof and the cleft joint, the angle in the carpal/ankle joint and, in several cases, the angle in the knee joint were measured. The course of orthopedic corrections was also described for all foals.
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Populace hnědásků (Melitaeini) na nelesních stanovištích NP Podyjí refaunovaných pastvou koní
HÁJKOVÁ, Klára
This thesis evaluates the impact of refaunation by the Exmoor pony on populations of five Melitaea butterfly species - Melitaea athalia, M. cinxia, M. didyma, M. britomartis and M. aurelia inhabiting xeric grasslands of the Podyjí National Park - Havranické Vřesoviště and Mašovická Střelnice. Both grassland sites are grazed since 2018. I compared adult butterflies' demography structure, mobility, spatial distribution, and habitat requirements with an earlier study carried out before the impact of horses (Vodičková et al., 2019). I detected multiple changes, some of them attributable to the horses (e.g., butterfly spatial distribution) and some not (e.g., population sizes), but also a remarkable stability, e.g., in dispersal parameters.
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Vliv věku koní na kvalitu a dobu jejich odpočinku v podmínkách aktivního ustájení
ZÁHOROVÁ, Pavla
Rest time and its quality, together with feeding and movement, are the most important factors influencing the mental and physical health of horses. This diploma thesis deals with the influence of age on the time and quality of rest for horses newly housed in the conditions of an active stable. In the first part of this diploma thesis is a literature review focused on the ethology, welfare and individual types of horse stables. The topic of active horse stables was elaborated in more detail, because its functionality corresponds to the physiological needs of horses. The monitoring included 6 horses of Czech warmblood, which were divided into 3 age groups (young, middle age and old horses). The monitoring took place in an active stable in Mažice using a camera, that recorded ten consecutive days in the winter season. For the evaluation, 2 parts of the day (day and night) were distinguished. In this diploma thesis are monitored the resting activities of horses in the rest place of active stables, such as feeding, standing, napping while standing or lying and deep sleep. One-factor Anova and Anova for repeated measurements were used for statisti-cal evaluation. It was found that all observed groups of horses used the rest place in the same way, 1/3 of a day. However, each group had a different representation of resting activities. The group of young and middle-aged horses spent about half the time feeding in the rest place, compared to old ones. They significantly (p < 0,05) paid the most attention to napping while standing (40%), while they spent only 30% of the time feeding. The monitored activities were performed by all age groups, especially during the night. The only exception was the feeding of a group of middle age horses, who spent an average 121.7 min during the day with this activity compared to night (93.4 min). Active stable gives horses a choice of activities. As can be seen from the results of the observation, even old horses, accustomed to box housing, have adapted well to this type of housing and they like it.
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