|
|
Kompostování biologicky rozložitelných odpadů ve městě Přerov
Čoček, Martin
The topic of this thesis is Composting of biodegradable waste in Prerov town. The literary part describes biodegradable waste, legislative regulations, statistic data, biodegradable waste management methods and composting process. The practical part describes biodegradable waste management methods in Prerov town. There is described and evaluated a process in composting plant in Prerov Zeravice. After that there is a questioner research how to be potentially use the compost from the composting plant Prerov Zeravice. The questioner research was focused on agriculture organizations which are closed to Prerov town. The closing part of this thesis describes fytotoxicity test results of compost collected samples. In the fytotoxicity test a plant Sinapis alba L. was used.
|
|
|
Vliv polutantů na mikrobní aktivitu půdy oživené organickým hnojivem
Šafránková, Anna
The initial part summarizes current knowledge about impact of pesticides on microorganisms and their activity. It also deals with a description and effects of organic fertilization used in the experiment (compost and composted biochar). Based on the literature, we determined the hypothesis: Pesticides have negative effect on soil microbial activity, which was tested in the experimental part. In the experimental part, we carried out a pot experiment. We made two basic versions: a control soil without pesticides and a soil after the application of pesticides. We growed specimens of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in pots. One version was without organic fertilization, next with amended compost and the last one with composted biochar. In total, we prepared six variants of pots, which were subjected to various measurements. We determined the production of aboveground and underground biomass and the root/shoot ratio. This measurement showed that the variants with pesticides are more suitable for plant growth, plants were bigger in both, aboveground and underground biomass, so they can probably uptake nutrients from soil degraded by pollutants, which can´t hold them back. We also monitored activity of microbial respiration by two methods: by measuring the absorbance of CO2 at soda lime and by the substrate induced respiration. The results showed a decrease in respiration of microorganisms in polluted soil in both of these measurements. Results of mineral nitrogen leaching suprisingly determined, that less nitrogen escaped in soil with pesticides in both forms, amonnia and nitrate, but its amount was generally very low. Cellulose test showed worse total breakdown of cellulose in contaminated variants. Phytotoxicity test revealed, that pesticides may have inhibiting effect on plant germination, but the active substances of pesticides can stimulate growth and development of plant sprouts.
|
|
|
Optimalizace nakládání s kompostovatelným odpadem v Olomouci a okolí
Kardinálová, Tereza
The topic of this thesis is Optimization of Treatment with the Compostable Waste in Olomouc and its Surroundings. The work briefly summarizes the legislation of the Waste managment in the Czech republic, the systems of sorting and collection of biodegradable waste and the possibilities of the waste management. The work focuses on the composting technology. It was analyzed the waste production, the extension of composting plants in the monitored area, including used technologies, accepted types of waste, quality of output products etc. Based on this analysis, the capacity utilization for compostable waste was evaluated, so as using of composts. There were proposed the steps which should contribute to meet the targets of the Waste Management Plans, especially reducing the amount of deposited biodegradable waste in landfills.
|
|
|
Porovnání a hodnocení zařízení pro vermikompostování a kompostování v pásových zakládkách
Hustý, Miroslav
The current thesis focuses on comparison and evaluation of technical equipment for vermicomposting and composting in band piles. The technology of processing of biowaste and necessary technical equipment and machinery of composting plants are compared. The work is based on data obtained from field work, literature and internet sources. Two plants with different technologies of composting are assessed. I am considering the construction, technical equipment and machinery needed for daily operation in both plants. Also the final product - compost is explored in laboratory. The final results show that plants of similar size have similar requirements for technical equipment and machinery and their final product is equal in law requirement regarding dangerous substances.
|
|
|
Obsah a kvalita humusu u intenzivně obhospodařovaných kambizemí
Cimová, Dagmar
The aim of bachelor thesis is to evaluate content and quality of soil organic matter in Cambisols intensively used in agriculture. Cambisols under conventional management are positively affected by compost application. Increasing of humus content and quality was found out. Amount of nitrogen also increased and C/N ratio was more favourite for soil microorganisms. Compost application improved soil quality and chemical and biological soil properties.
|
|
|
Význam a chemické složení půdních humusových látek
Cakl, Lukáš
Bachelor thesis The importance and chemical composition of soil humic substances is aimed at evaluation of qualitative characteristics of humic substances and its importance in soil. Chemical composition of humic acids isolated from Haplic Luvisol (Lesonice) was studied using standard chemical methods. Results were compared with humic acids isolated from other different sources lignite (Mikulčice) and compost (Náměšť nad Oslavou). It was showed that humic acids in different origin varied in elemental composition, amino acids, polyphenols, lipids and peptides content.
|
|
|
Možnosti zpracování bioplastů
Dymchenko, Alan
This diploma thesis is focused on the issues relating to bioplastics and the possibilities of its processing. The first part of the diploma thesis deals with the issue of plastic packaging. Description of the history of plastic formation, plastics production and characteristics of bioplastics. It answers questions – what plastic is and why we need to degrade it. Classification of the most widespread in the use of bioplastics. Statistics on the production of bioplastics. Possibilities of processing of bioplastics. Factors that affect the decomposition of bioplastics. The second part of the diploma thesis is dedicated to laboratory tests, methodology of execution and analysis of laboratory results. It also describes the realization of self-attempted composting of bioplastics in domestic conditions.
|
|
|
Hodnocení fytotoxicity kompostu z komunitní kompostárny ve Svitavách
Pospíšilová, Šárka
The main aim of this thesis is Evaluation of compost phytotoxicity produced in composting plant of Svitavy. Biodegradable waste as a whole is also mentioned. This work is divided into several parts. Theoretical part aims to describe basic terms regarding biodegradable waste, legislation and statistical data. Moreover you can find way of handling biodegradable waste there but main focus is on the process of composting. Practical part describes composting plant facility in the city of Svitavy and all of the laboratory procedures used to evaluate compost phytotoxicity of studied samples. Three main methods of evaluating compost phytotoxicity were used phytotoxicity test using set Phytotoxkit, flower pot test and test phytotoxicity by Plíva. All of those methods utilized seeds of the Sinapis alba L and Cannabis sativa L. Last part of this thesis contains test results and their evaluation.
|
|
|
Možnosti rozvoje komunitního kompostování v kraji Vysočina
Vlčková, Silvie
This thesis is focused the possibilities of development of community composting in Vysočina region. The aim of this work is to determine whethet out if it would make sense to build a community composting plant in the town of Nárameč. This decision precedes the development of the following principles. The first part deals with composting in general and legislation. The following is a description and evaluation of subplanar resources, a proposal for optimization of raw material resources, a proposal for raw material composition of coposting and an evaluation of the current state of the raw material composition. In the last part of the thesis there is pre-sented environmental, technological and economic evaluation of proposed options.
|
|
|
Hodnocení fytotoxicity kalů z vybraných čistíren odpadních vod
Šindelář, Ondřej
The diploma thesis “The assessment of the phytotoxicity of sludge from selected sewage treatment plants“ deals with the current situation of the sludge treatment and disposal and the assessment of phytotoxicity of sewage treatment sludge. The sewage treatment sludge comes into existence during the process of sewage treatment. Nowadays is sludge landfilling from the point of view of nature protection and according to the legislation on the last place in a way of handling. Additionally, the thesis pays attention to the legislation related to the sewage treatment sludge and also statistical data concerning the production and the way of handling of the sewage treatment sludge. The practical part of the diploma thesis is focused on the description of two sewage treatment plants, namely Třebíč and Náměšť nad Oslavou. Subsequently were made several laboratory experiments with the sewage treatment sludge samples from the mentioned sewage treatment plants. At the sewage treatment sludge samples were assessed the phytotoxicity level by the testing set Phytotoxkit. Specifically was determined an inhibitive/stimulative effect on the growth of the root. The testing plant was a white mustard (Sinapis alba L.).
|
guest ::
