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The issue of aggressive behaviour of mentally disabled individuals
LOJÍKOVÁ, Jitka
Mental disability of children, young people and adults represents a serious health and social difficulty. Despite the issue of mentally disabled individuals being brought up more and more recently, our knowledge of the particular life of such handicapped people is rather low or fragmentary. Mentally disabled individuals are part of our society, being individually more or less dependant on its care. The opening part deals with the issue of mentally disabled individuals. Their particularities, needs and number are analyzed and the institutional care as such is also touched upon. Within the context of the Social Services Act{\crq}s amendment, under which ``cage beds{\crqq} were abolished, workers are made to look for other ways of coping with the aggressive behaviour of mentally disabled individuals. The attention is also paid to aggressive actions of the mentally handicapped from the point of view of various branches of the law. Not every worker has comprehensive legal awareness as far as mentally disabled individuals are concerned.The main goal of the research was to monitor the displays, causes and possibilities of avoiding and coping with aggressive behaviour within the group of the mentally handicapped. In order to meet the goal of the research, methods of a structured dialogue with the mentally disabled and a questionnaire with the staff caring for the mentally handicapped were used. Having processed the data, it was determined that most of the workers had already met displays of aggressive behaviour of mentally disabled individuals, the most common being verbal and physical aggression. It was confirmed that measures preventing or averting aggressive actions as imposed by the Social Services Act 108/2006 Coll. were in most cases sufficient. If the individuals have their hobbies and their needs fulfilled, the risk of potential aggressive behaviour decreases. In my opinion, the aggression could be also prevented by encouraging friendly human relations, emotional support and an impartial approach to all.
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Realization of People with Mental Retardation in the Labour Market
PITKOVÁ, Zuzana
My bachelor thesis addresses the problem of finding a working place for mentally handicapped people at the job market in our country. People with a mental handicap represent one of the largest groups among the handicapped. Integration of an individual into the working process not only influences his economic security and social status, but it also has a positive impact on the personal development. However, at our job market, there is a serious lack of adequate working places for people with a mental handicap. This thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part describes mental retardation, causes of its development, diagnostics, classification, combination with other kinds of handicaps, special characteristics and needs of these people. Further, it focuses on education and upbringing of the mentally handicapped and on the work issues (importance of work, unemployment, work possibilities for people with a mental handicap, benefits and duties of the employer and a brief characterization of an employee with a mental handicap). In the practical part, I set the goal of hypotheses of my work. The goal of the thesis is to asses the attitude and opinion of employers regarding employment of the mentally handicapped and further if these people are interested in finding work at the job market and if there is a sufficient offer of working positions for them in the South Moravian region. I set two hypotheses. The first hypothesis claims that most of the employers show only a little interest in employing people with a mental handicap. The second hypothesis assumes that it is problematic for the mentally handicap to find work at the labour market. The method I used to collect data was quantitative research. More specifically, I employed the inquiry method {--} the technique of written inquiry with employers in various companies and the technique of standardized questioning with people with a mental handicap. This work should serve as a source of information for wide public and the mentally handicapped in the South Bohemian region (mediate information on the possibilities of finding work for the mentally handicapped people).
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Employment Opportunities for Clients with Mental Retardation in the Institutions of the Social Services
HOLCZEROVÁ, Vladimíra
At present, employment opportunities and subsequent remuneration for people with mental retardation are often discussed. The opinions differ on their right to equal opportunities in employment. They are either considered incapable to work due to their retardation or, they are supposed to be financially secure, thanks to the state and do not have to work. I am persuaded that all work should be paid. This Bachelor´s work is based upon my 16 years of work in one of the social services` institution. The Social Services Act No.108/2006 Coll. which came into act on 1 January 2007 together with the Quality Standards of Social Services have brought distinctive changes in providing social services. While the application of these legislative standards has been very important, it has been very difficult. The staff of the social services institutions and the work of this staff are often underestimated. They help socialise their clients through their work and they need mutual support and cooperation to do that. The clients of the social services institutions apply their working skills in these institutions and also in the open labour market where motivation plays an important role. They need to be praised and appreciated, but remuneration has become an inseparable part of this process. The clients who are employed demonstate that they are capable to live independently on one hand and be useful on the other. All sensible activities improve our clients´ maturity of their behaviour, which leads to better self-control, creating new interests and aid in the development their practical skills. The aim of my work has been to gain information about job opportunities of these clients of the social services institutions and investigate how much these opportunities depend upon the location of the institution. I´ve tried to learn if these clients have been able to find jobs inside or outside the institutions. I believe my work will inspire those who are interested in this situation or it will be of help in dealing with this problem.
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Application of artetherapy with mentally handicapped persons
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Veronika
Artetherapy with mentally handicapped persons is very extensive and diverse, just like various forms of mental retardation. The first objective of the present thesis was to ascertain which artetherapeutic procedures and art techniques can be applied when working with mentally handicapped clients. The second objective was to ascertain whether artetherapy helps to develop the overall personality in a positive way, whether it propitiously affects concentration, skilfulness and memory, or whether it supports creativity and socialization of the mentally handicapped. The third objective was to ascertain how mentally handicapped persons would react if they were given the opportunity to work creatively. To research the problems described, the author chose the quantitative technique. Methods applied were: observation, non-standard interview, content analysis of the data from medical and psychological documents and analysis of personal documents. The target group was 7 persons living in the ``Barevný svět{\crqq} Daily Centre. Having made use of previous knowledge, I made three hypotheses. H1: ``Mentally handicapped persons need a sufficient amount of time to acquire the technique that would help them express themselves more easily.{\crqq} H2: ``Artetherapy helps to develop the overall personality in a positive way, it propitiously affects concentration, skilfulness and positive thinking and last but not least, it supports creativity and socialization of the mentally handicapped.{\crqq} H3: ``Mentally handicapped persons positively react to the opportunity to work creatively, they are sincerely interested in this work, and they show great excitement about the results that they have achieved.{\crqq} The research has proved that the clients need to be given a lot of time to acquire painting and drawing techniques in order to express themselves in a better way. However, we must say that there is no single particular technique or procedure that we would be able to apply with each and every mentally handicapped person. The research results have confirmed that artetherapy helps to develop the overall personality, it propitiously affects concentration, skilfulness and positive thinking and last but not least, it supports creativity and socialization of the mentally handicapped. React to the opportunity to work creatively, they are sincerely interested in their work, and they show great excitement about the results that they have achieved.
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Legal Perception of Rights of Mentally Handicapped Children
HOLENDOVÁ, Jana
The thesis is called The Perception of Rights by Children with Mild Mental Retardation and is composed of the theoretical and practical parts. In the first part I deal with the characteristics of mental retardation, its cause, classification, history, the education of these children and their relations with others. The second chapter is focused on significant documents concerning the rights of children and adults with mental retardation. The third chapter concentrates on the research of children{\crq}s rights at the Faculty of Health and Social Studies, South Bohemian University. The theory is followed by the practical part containing the results and discussion with authors. The research was carried out by the method of directed interview (partly standardized method), by means of a questionnaire, which was created by Professor Gary Melton and his team in South Carolina in Columbia. Through this method and also the methodology of A. Saporiti the researches of legal awareness in children of school age, Roma children and the children in institutional care have been in progress since 1999. The research of legal awareness and perception of rights has not been carried out in children with mental retardation yet. The questionnaire contains identification questions (age, sex, and grade) and twelve model situations, where an individual adjudicates rights or not. The interviews were carried out in 116 respondents from three special schools (Havlíčkův Brod, Třeboň, Soběslav). I compared the results with the research of Mgr. Jany Stejskalové, carried out in 2005. The objective and the hypothesis were stated. The objective was to find out the perception of rights by children with mild mental retardation. The objective was fulfilled. The hypothesis was: The legal awareness of children with mild mental retardation increases with the increasing education of their parents. The hypothesis was not proved.
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Preparation and Realization an Intensive Week-long Programme of Yoga Relaxation Exercises Aims to Improvement of Fine Motor Skills and Mobility of Mentally-disabled People
JANKOVCOVÁ, Kateřina
This thesis deals with development of personal, but mainly physical and motor skills of people with mental disabilities by application of yoga movement therapy. My research has aimed to find out if an intensive week-long programme of yoga relaxation exercises can lead to improvement of fine motor skills, mobility, and the overall physical condition of mentally-disabled people of the 1st to 3rd level of disability. The research was conducted during the week-long school stay in nature. The participants were tested both the first and last day of their stay. The research sample was composed of six women and four men from the school for persons with special needs in Česke Budějovice. The methods utilised during the research were direct observation, evaluation and questioning to detect changes in indicators of physical condition and fine motor skills (including grasping reflexes of participants and familiarisation with new expressions). The results show positive change in these indicators. The therapy regimen resulted in the improvement in movement coordination, fine subtle skills of arms in everyday{\crq}s patient{\crq}s self-care activities; and the positive influence of yoga was also observed on psychological well-being of participants. The research project was beneficial for the participants and can serve as a model for further utilisation in the field applications of yoga exercises for people with mental disabilities.
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Education of mentally handicapped children
ŠLÉGELOVÁ, Linda
ABSTRAKT Education of Mentally Handicapped Children The bachelor thesis deals with the condition of mental retardation and with education of children affected by this condition. The theoretical part deals in detail with the condition of mental retardation, its levels, causes, forms of prevention and diagnosis methodology. The thesis also deals with education of children and young people diagnosed as mentally handicapped. Hence, special nursery schools earmarked for such children are described as well as preparatory grades of special primary schools, special primary schools themselves, the basic practical training schools, one-year practical training schools, two-year practical training schools and some secondary level apprentice schools - which can be attended by mentally handicapped students. Description is also presented of lifetime education; such as specialised courses, evening classes and so called activation centres whose establishment is being envisaged. The thesis also deals with education consultancy establishments focussed on mentally handicapped children and young people; such as pedagogy and psychology consultancy centres, special pedagogy centres, educational care centres and the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology Consultancy. The final part of the theoretical part deals with the theory of education of the mentally handicapped people, where didactic principles are described as well as didactic methodologies, forms of teaching and teaching aids necessary for education of such person. I gave a description of development of individual educational programmes also, without which integration of such children would not be possible in many instances. The topic of the practical part of the bachelor thesis is qualitative research carried out at a basic practical training /special basic/practical training school in Most (hereinafter ``Special Comprehensive School (in the town of Most){\crqq}). The aim was to map in a complex manner the special pedagogical care of mentally handicapped pupils as well as description of the system, methodology and approach to education of such pupils. The following methodologies and techniques were used for collection of data: observation with involvement of the observer, questionnaire-based methodology, semi-controlled interviews with the parents of the pupils, casuistry with 8-pupil sample and secondary data analysis. The hypotheses that can be derived on the basis of the outcome of the collection of the data are as follows: H1: The school teaching programmes employed at the basic practical training schools comply with the framework educational programme for the basic education - with the addenda aimed at slightly mentally handicapped pupils." H2: "The school educational programmes developed by practical training schools include methodology and forms of special pedagogical care." H3: "The best part of the teachers are not satisfied with the equipment of the schools with relevant materials.
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Leisure time activities of children at special basic school and practical basic school.
LEPIČ, Jiří
The present Bachelor Paper is focused on leisure time activities of the pupils of primary schools - both practically-oriented primary schools and the special ones. As follows quite unambiguously from the theoretical assumptions, a meaningful use of leisure time by youth is affected by a number of factors. Literature specializing in the subject tells us a major role is played by the system of values and attitudes, but no less by the milieu where the youngsters are brought up. The Paper aimed to find out whether the parents of pupils attending the practical and special schools in Písek, Strakonice and Milevsko knew enough about organizations catering to the leisure time of children. Moreover, the Paper investigated the number of children engaged in the offered activities and examined the organizations they went to to spend their free time. The survey relied on three types of questionnaires: the first one was intended for parents of children going to the practical and special primary schools; the second one for employees of these schools; and the third one was designed for employees of organizations involved in providing the free time activities. The results returned in the questionnaires were then treated to statistical evaluation. Data obtained in Písek, Strakonice and Milevsko disproved my first hypothesis. My second hypothesis was proved true in its first part, but disproved in the second part. The results thus evaluated lead to this conclusion: parents of pupils attending the practical and special primary schools in Písek, Strakonice and Milevsko are not sufficiently informed on organizations catering to the leisure time of children. Attributable to this lack of information is the fact that most of pupils at the practical and special primary schools attended only hobby groups organized by the schools though they could choose from many more such hobby groups as their parents were ready to pay for them.
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The use of art-therapy in the work with mentally retarded adults in a protected workshop
DOLEČKOVÁ, Zuzana
Anotation: The usage of art therapy techniques in the work with the mentally affected adult individuals in the environment of the sheltered employment. The bachelor thesis is focused on implemetation and usage of art-therapy methods in the work with mentally affected persons in the age of 20 to 30 years in the environment of the sheltered manufacture. The thesis summarises 5-year long work of the author in the sheltered workshop {\clqq}Blue Key`` in Prague. The artifacts of the selected clients were examined and the progress in the creative abilities of the clients, together with the progress in their emotional and social abilities were evaluated during the long term art-therapeutical methodological guidance.
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