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Battered child
ŠTĚPKOVÁ, Miloslava
This work discusses the problem of battered children highlights the dangeres of marginalising the problem on the part of public and the public´s uvwillingness to cooperate in finding solution. It describes individual aspects, risk factors and the progress and position of children in society and their rights within the law. It also emphasisis the the importance of prevention. Finally it discusses foster and adoptive care options. Also under discussion is the issue of the use of physical punishment in the upbringing of children.
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Hepatitis of type B - mode of protection, health hazards
TOPIČOVÁ, Kateřina
The bachelor thesis covers the topic of Hepatitis type B. The goal of the thesis was to find out the public knowledge about this illness and at the same time also to find out whether the citizens use their own personal hygiene products and protective means. The results of the research say that the citizens outside the health industry older 15 years of age in České Budějovice and Pelhřimov do not have the knowledge on the ways of transfer and protection for the Hepatitis type B, but they know the health risks. During the research investigation, we also have found out that the citizens do not use their own personal hygiene products, and that the citizens of České Budějovice use the protective means more often than the citizens of Pelhřimov. Hepatitis type B is a serious and complicated illness, which daily threatens all the citizens. With respect to the results of the research, it is important that the citizens get more information on Hepatitis type B, especially on the vaccination possibility, about using only one{\crq}s own personal hygiene products and using preservatives and rubber medical gloves in risk situations. The citizens could acquire the information from this bachelor thesis or from the seminars lead by general nurses.
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Principles utilization possibilities of the educational activities of the nurse in the primary care
DRAXLEROVÁ, Milena
The objective of this bachelor's work is to find the principles utilizing of the nurse educational activities in the primary care. The education seems to be the important caracteristic of the treatment practice and has gone hand in hand with the primary care since the treatment beginning. The education as a training, cultivation and tutoring is emphasized lately as the self-evident part of the professional nurse occupation. The educational nurse activity in the primary care has own particularities which are described in detail in the theoretical section of this bachelor´s work. The contemporary treatment conception talks up the important aspects of the nurse role {--} the educator and the coordinator of the patient care. The nurse education should correspond to this thus the nurses could perform their profession as the qualified medical officer. The primary care field is the inseparable piece of the theoretical part of this work. The community nursing as the first care line has been continuously developed recently and the role of the primary nurse is emphasized mainly in the support and maintenance of the people health. Their services are provided in the wild scale in the various environment and cover the whole life cycle since conception to lenitive care at the dying. The education in the primary care represents the great importance. Its purpose is to continuously raise the population health consciousness. In the practical part of the work the quantitative research was performed, the data collection questionnaire technique was used. The research set consisted of sixty-two primary care nurses. The research performed within this work at the nurses working in the primary care has demonstrated a quite good knowledge and also principles utilizing of the educational activities in the nursing practice. Unfortunately it has showed subsequently that nurses don´t have sufficient possibilities in the present system of the primary care and principally the time scope for the education performance. There is the left room for the next knowledge consolidation and perfection in this field even though the good education principles knowledge. The space for the potential further research in the prevention field regarding positive health support and maintenance has been opened consecutively.
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Problems of injuries in preschool age children
NOVOTNÁ, Jana
This study is focused on injury problems of pre-school children. Children injuries are one out of most frequent causes of children's mortality and sickness absence. Therefore it is a worldwide problem. Unfortunately, Czech Republic is rated according to accident statistics as one of worst countries in Europe. Because of that it is necessary to focus more on prevention of those effects.In terms of research it was proven, that the knowledge of children and their parents is insufficient. Increasing this knowledge of children was achieved with founding of preventive program. For parents was chosen a form of informative leaflet. In my opinion, the decrease of children's injuries would be possible with help of methodical impingement upon children and even their parents.
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Risks diagnosing partial Dysfunkctions in the Diagnostic of Childrens
KLUBALOVÁ, Ivana
This work is concerned in Specific Learning Disabilities (Special Education Needs), especially Risks diagnosing partial Dysfunkctions in the Diagnostic of Childrens, experiences and diagnostic possibilities in nursery school. The theoretical part includes Specific Learning Disabilities terminology, the causes of the generation and prevention and diagnosis possibilities of Specific Learning Disabilities. The results of the research in 2 different nursery schools are contained in the practical part.
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Imprisonment of minor offenders
VÁVROVÁ, Kateřina
Youth criminality is a constant problem which a number of specialists, legislative bodies, and the whole public deal with. A number of negative phenomenons occurring in the area of this population, e.g. spreading of drugs among younger and younger age groups and related increase of criminality undoubtedly play a leading role. However, it is known that bare repression is ineffective and means of educational activities are much more effective. Occurrence of social pathological phenomenons, their dynamics and changes are an indivisible part of the society. Grounds enabling occurrence of these phenomenons change very little. Heritability, constitutional factors, family, school, peer pressure, inappropriate spending free time as well as media influence and ethnical origin have an impact. Responsibility of the youth for unlawful acts is laid down by the Act No. 218/2003 Coll., on the Liability of Youth for Unlawful Acts and on Justice in Matters of Youth and Amending Certain Acts (Act on Justice in Matters of Youth). The purpose of the Act is defined particularly from the view of prevention of unlawful activities of the youth that is a basic group to which the attention of the whole justice and society is to be paid, so that every member of this group who committed an illegal act, no matter he is a juvenile or a child younger than fifteen years, is treated in accordance with this Act, he contributes to rectifying the injury resulting from the unlawful act within his strengths and abilities, a convenient and appropriate measure is imposed on him, and he finds a social asserting corresponding to his abilities and intellectual and moral development as a definitive result. Preventive activities aimed against youth criminality always and in the whole scope require respecting basic children rights and rights for privacy of their family. Children rights must be observed from primary to tertiary prevention, from searching threatened children and their families to treatment of guilty children. The most significant tool of social prevention is education of children in families and education of children at school. The aim of the thesis was to find out grounds leading to custodial detention of a juvenile offender and to find indications which could help to positively or negatively affect educational impact on the juvenile in the prison.
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Health and social situation of illegal drug users and help them provided by relevant social and health centres in the Czech Republic
HORÁK, Petr
Health and social situation of illicit drug users and the aid they receive from the respective social and healthcare institutions in the Czech Republic This thesis is composed of two main parts: theoretical and practical. Theoretical part contains chiefly categorization of illicit drugs, where we learn how they are divided according to their origin, effects, and their chemical composition, as well as their seriousness for the society. The thesis also maps the development of the illicit drug scene before and after 1989 and also discusses the importance of the year 1994{---}considered a breakthrough{---}since even before the convertibility of the Czech currency, it witnesses a massive invasion of high-quality and cheap heroine import. Furthermore, the harmful effects of drug abuse and their categorization is presented. Health hazards are correlated with data covering the HIV and viral hepatitis diffusion in the Czech Republic. This part also contains a list and description of institutions dealing with illicit drug abuse and issues connected with it. An analysis of social, health, and economic situation of illicit drug users, those filed in a L/K center. In conclusion, the thesis deals with the illicit drug use policy in the Czech Republic, where prevention, repression, prohibition and regulations are discussed, within the framework of sample of other national drug policies. The reader will find here the description of individual illicit drugs as well. The thesis aims to map the activities of K-centers, and the way their work{---}in its result, the aid to illicit drug users{---}is being made harder by the low-threshold institutions. Low-threshold institutions were chosen to represent the group of relevant institutions since they are attended by the illicit drug users most often, as well as being the first institution of this kind the users come to. The author also explored what suggestions of improvement the centers present. Three hypotheses were set: 1. The offer of services is broad in K-centers 2. Low-threshold institutions lack resources 3. Low-threshold institution representatives hold serious reservations to the illicit drug use policy in the Czech Republic The data were collected in questionnaires and secondary analysis of data from annual reports of K-centers. The questionnaires were filled in by low-threshold centers representatives. The data confirmed the set hypotheses. In the discussion, the author debates the results of his research and discusses expert literature, while explaining difficulties that he encountered composing this thesis. The conclusion deals with the suggestions for improvement, particularly of the illicit drug use policy and sums up the thesis.
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Prevention of HIV/AIDS at basic schools in Pilsner region
ŠPELINOVÁ, Táňa
The widespread epidemic HIV/AIDS still remains a confirmed and terminal disease without any currable vaccine and therapy. The only means of protection to resist an infection and HIV spread is a patient´s education, motivation and proper prevention, whose essential tool for everybody is getting information. Especially young people are threatened by the attack of that infection, so mainly basic school should participate in the HIV/AIDS prevention. The first aim of my thesis is to find out, whether and what preventive activities are accomplished at basis schools in Pilsner Region. The research work has a qualitative character. The applied method was a questionaire which was sent and applied to 31 organizations associated in Forum of non-governmental organizations at National Comisssion for HIV/AIDS problem solving in 2006. Another applied method was the derived analysis of data and documents. The second aim of my thesis was to find out basic pupil´s knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection. A qualitative research was chosen to achieve objective results. A questionaire was a research method. 319 pupils from 8th and 9th classes created a selective group. HIV/AIDS problems are always included in some school subjects at all the basic schools. Tution of the appropriate topic is provide only by school teachers and outweighs the use of supporting preventive programmes. Increased demands on school teachers education about HIV/AIDS result from that fact. Basis school pupils have basic knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection. Most pupils acquired information about HIV/AIDS at basic schools. Pupils consider a condom to be a hundrer-per-cent protection to resist veneral diseases. Despite the knowledge of this danger pupils don´t feel threatened by HIV/AIDS infection. Results of my thesis proved that as for information handover, the prevention accomplished at basic schools is efficient. Pupils´ have information about HIV/AIDS. If they act up to them even in possible risky situations that is another question. Since it is a serious problem, it seems to be necessary to keep acting this prevention whose part should be not only the information handover, but also the action at pupil´s behaviour and their responsibility.
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BULLYING FROM THE TEACHERS /OF BASIC SCHOOLS/ PERSPECTIVE, IN THE COUNTRY AND IN PRAGUE (COMPARISON STUDY).
VORLOVÁ, Jana
The bachelor work deals with social pathological phenomenon of bullying at basic schools. The bullying is very complicated appearance which can be researched from various angles of view. I´ve concentrated at teacher´s opinions and especially their readiness at bullying solving. The bachelor work is concerned of comparisson resulting outcomes from two absolutely different environment - the country and Prague . In the theoretical part I tried to zoom in whole mechanism of bullying with its participants, development, diagnostics and prevention. In the practical part I´ve elaborated gained research results and done my best to find the connection in respondent´s attitudes to given topic. There were used the citations of Czech prime specialists as well as foreign author´s literature.
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