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Occupational health and safety management of policemen Městské policie hl. m. Prahy
Váchová, Lucie ; Plášková, Alena (advisor) ; Mejdrech, Vlastimil (referee)
This thesis analyzes the current settings of occupational health and safety process regarding officers of the Municipal Police of Prague (MPP). The theoretical part provides situational analysis of conditions in which MPP operates. There are also defined key risks for personal safety of municipal policemen, identified methodology for risk management and quality control. The practical part describes and analyzes the process of occupational health and safety at MPP. The result of this work is evaluation of the current process effectiveness and proposal of possible scenarios of further improvement.
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Biohazard and readiness of rescue teams.
KLÍMOVÁ, Veronika
Biohazard and readiness of rescue teams The thesis deals with biohazard and with the readiness of rescue forces. This issue has been discussed little even though some groups more and more draw the attention to imminent danger and panic connected with it, mainly due to terrorism. Another part deals with making alert, provision of medical care at the side of the incident and subsequent triage with the specimen of a registration card that facilitates orientation of the patient?s condition. There are also discussed tasks and activities of basic forces of the Integrated Rescue System (IRS), where there must be print action analysis of an object found with a suspicion of the presence of B-agens. Activities of the NBC (nuclear, biological, chemical) teams are mentioned here only marginally. These teams are involved in dealing with contamination and focused on further actions. The next chapter deals with various types of protective instruments that are able to protect us against B-agens. Further on, mechanisms and methods of decontamination are described together with other measures against spread of contamination. Another part of the thesis deals with biological weapons or B-agens that cause various diseases and illnesses. They are divided according to categories and pathogens. These infectious diseases are here described according to their severity. The objective of this work was to describe the most significant combat biological agens that could be abused by terrorist organizations and the procedures of the IRS forces in joint actions. By means of hypotheses I tried to find out whether the basic forces of the IRS have sufficient information and material security. I compiled a questionnaire with 21 questions, where there was always only one right answer to each question. I handed out the questionnaires at ambulance stations, fire rescue brigade stations and Police of the Czech Republic stations in South Bohemian Region.
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Qualitative research in the aplication of desinfection and sterilization of nursing unit
KARBÁČOVÁ, Marika
Abstract The thesis focuses on the application of disinfection and sterilization in the surgical unit. These methods are an integral part of nursing care and they prevent creation, transmission and spread of infection. The qualitative research was carried out in the surgical department in the Hospital Prachatice a.s.. The method used in the research is an unstandardized in-depth interview, in the second phase extended to a structured observation. There were set three objectives. Objective 1: to determine the ways of application of disinfection in the surgical unit, Objective 2: to determine the ways of application of sterilization in the surgical unit, Objective 3: to determine whether nurses observe the principles of disinfection and sterilization in the surgical unit. On the basis of these objectives, there were formed three research questions: What types of applications are used for disinfection in the surgical unit? What types of sterilization applications are used in the surgical unit? What principles of disinfection and sterilization are observed in the surgical unit? From the results of the in-depth interview and observation, it was discovered that physical and chemical disinfection is applied in the surgical unit. The employees use the services of central sterilization. In the surgical unit, there is not used any type of sterilization, except of the pre-sterilisation preparation. While disinfection, the employees follow the correct procedure, but they do not always use the correct amount of disinfectant. As the possibility of improvement, I would suggest to carry out training and remind that the recommended concentrations of disinfectants are sufficiently effective. There is no need to increase their amount hence it increases the financial costs of the surgical unit.
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The analyse of the readiness medical salvage and rescue service to solution in a extraordinary event of a chemical, biological, radiation or nuclear orgin
URBANOVÁ, Pavla
The aim of the dissertation was to assess and evaluate the readiness of the emergency medical services to respond to a potential extraordinary event of a chemical, biological, irradiating or nuclear character. The scope of the dissertation was to map professional, material, technical and legislative preparation in this regard. This data offers an overview of the experiences of emergency personnel from a practical standpoint, gained through action or training, and is enriched by additional specific data from the Emergency Medical Services of the South Bohemian Region. The information gathered for the purpose of authoring the dissertation was obtained by utilisation of quantitative and qualitative research methods. In the case of quantitative research, data was gathered by means of an anonymous questionnaire, where the research file was constituted by physicians and medical emergency personnel. In the case of qualitative research a form of directed interview with the deputy of the crisis management team of the emergency medical services was used.
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Typical injury at snowboarding and downhill skiing and their prevention
ČERMÁK, Zdeněk
The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of injuries during snowboarding and downhill skiing on Czech mountains. I identify the type and location of the commonnest injuries resulting from these activities, using data from the Czech Mountain Rescue Service. The thesis also deals with methods of preventing an injury, as well as with levels of preparedness for the activities ? mental, physical or familiarity with Czech ski-slope by-laws.
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The Risks of Working as a Nurse
GENGELOVÁ, Gabriela
The work of nurses in health care is often physically and psychologically demanding. Some inpatient departments have specific labor conditions and from them come risks. Nurses are continuously exposed to the risk of injury, infection, but also stress caused by their work. These labor-related risks can cause disorders on health or cause labor-related diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce workload, stress, psycho-social risks and pay special attention to preventive measures and keep sanitary-epidemiological behavior. This Bachelor thesis called ?Risks of Nurse´s Labor? is divided into two parts. The theoretical part strives to summarize the risks of a nurse?s work focusing on preventive measures related to particular risks. Results of this survey are processed in the research part of this thesis. During the survey I used a quantitative method of data collection ? by using a questionnaire. The research file was created by nurses working in Internal and Neurological departments and a Residential facility for chronically ill patients in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. and in the University Hospital in Plzeň. In the Bachelor´s thesis 2 objectives and 3 related hypotheses have been set. The objectives were fulfilled and hypotheses were either verified or rejected. The author was trying to find out what nurses regard as the highest risks in clinically focused workplaces and what preventive measures are applied with respect to perceived risks. From the results come out that nurses regard being stung by an infected needle as the highest risk in the workplace. Preventive measures are applied in a limited scope.
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Self-health and safety protection in the case of a mass incidence of health damage
KAMENICKÁ, Nikola
The topic of my thesis is Self-health and safety protection in the case of a mass incidence of health damage. The objective of my work was to briefly outline emergency events to which a mass incidence of health damage is considered to belong. Basic activities of medical rescue workers at the scene of such an accident are described to show the potential risks posed on rescue workers in this situation. The thesis also includes an overview of commonly used protective equipment and basic safety instructions. The goal of this study was to determine the level of abidance by principles of safety and health protection in the case of a mass incidence of health damage. Another objective was to review the awareness of risks the rescue worker profession involves in the case of a mass incidence of health damage and to compare the abidance by principles of safety and health protection between medical rescue workers and general nurses in anesthetic-resuscitation department. On the basis of these objectives hypotheses were stated. The quantitative data collection method was used to meet the purpose. The research was conducted through the questionnaire technique in the České Budějovice region. The obtained data were turned into graphs. The values were subsequently converted into percentages and placed below the charts as commentaries. In general, it is possible to say that medical rescue workers as well as general nurses abide by principles of safety measures and know the possibilities of self-protection. However, the research has shown that age has no significant effect on safety measures compliance and education does not significantly effects safety measures compliance. The obtained data show that the safety and health measures are complied with more by medical rescue workers than general nurses in Anesthesiology-resuscitation department, although there are only small percentage differences.
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Risks and Protection of Nurses Working in Acute Care Department
HRAZDÍROVÁ, Radka
Abstract Risks and Protection of Nurses Working in Acute Care Departments Nurses working in acute care departments face enhanced risks of injuries, accidents, infections and stress. A burden consists in providing acute care to clients who are undergoing the checkup and have hardly any anamneses. Nurses are exposed to work stress, stress resulted from human relationships, overloading and shift work. Occupational stress increases risks of injuries, accidents and infections. Nurses are supposed to observe the health and safety rules as they are presented in work safety trainings, in regulations and standards. All nurses should know them, use protective working means and protect themselves from injuries and accidents. Any injuries and accidents must be reported which bring both advantages and disadvantages. We have surveyed an intensive care unit of the cardiosurgical department, a department of anaesthetics and resuscitation and operating theatres. We asked six respondents in our qualitative research. There were five aims stated. 1. To find out how much the nurses are informed about work safety rules. 2. To find out if there is any relation between nurse´s age and her awareness of risks in acute care departments. 3. To find out if they protect themselves affectively from injuries and accidents. 4. To find out how stress affects nurses´ work in risky departments. 5. To find out if they apply the methods given in work safety rules in case they are injured or infected. The aims have been fulfilled. The analysis of non-standardised interviews resulted into four hypotheses. 1. Nurses are most affected by risk awareness at productive age. 2. Nurses use gloves and mouth protections as the only personal protective working means. 3. Long-term work stress causes psychosomatic illnesses in nurses. 4. Overanxious and lengthy procedure in case of work injury makes nurses to keep the fact in secret. The findings have proved the fact that nurses know the work safety rules. They use ptotective working means marginally. Nurses at productive age and nurse/mothers of small children are aware of the risks. Work stress does not affect their job performance but it definitely leads to injuries and accidents. The procedure in case of work injuries is viewed as lengthy and that is the reason why they do not often follow it.
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Decontamination of devices in nursing practice
SMÍTKOVÁ, Šárka
Term ``decontamination{\crqq} is defined as a set of measures which constitutes killing or removal of microorganisms from the environment and items regardless of the degree of reduction of the germs quantity. Decontamination forms an integral part of nursing practice, preventing transfer and spread of infections. The qualitative research was conducted in the internal medicine ward of Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s. by the method of a non-standardized interview, supplemented by structured observation. The research set comprised eight nurses. The interview consisted of 11 questions and the observation was divided into six units. Four objectives were set. Objective 1: to ascertain what devices are decontaminated in the nursing practice; objective 2: to ascertain who prepares solutions intended for decontamination of devices in the ward; objective 3: to ascertain in what manner decontamination of devices is conducted; and objective 4: to identify the most frequently used decontamination preparations. On the basis of these objectives the following research questions were raised: What devices are decontaminated in the internal medicine ward most frequently? How is preparation of decontamination solutions secured? How do nurses proceed in decontamination of devices? What preparations are used for decontamination? On the basis of the in-depth interview and observation it was ascertained that plastic devices are decontaminated in the ward, most frequent being urinals, bedpans, vomit bowls, working surfaces, tableware used by patients and surgical tools. The solutions intended for decontamination are prepared by nurses and sanitation staff following the recommended procedure but not observing exact dosing of the disinfectant. When decontaminating devices, the nurses use a two-stage decontamination procedure. The decontamination preparations most frequently used by the nurses are 0.5% Persteril and Presept tablets. The results of the research will be provided to the ward where the research was conducted. As an opportunity for improvement, I propose holding a session of a small group of nurses in order to interact on the topic of decontamination of devices and to repeat the principles stipulated in the hospital standard so that the nurses realize what mistakes they make and what consequences may follow from the mistakes both for them and their patients.
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