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Type of cell death and superinfection exclusion phenomenon in vaccinia virus-infected cells
Lišková, Jana ; Mělková, Zora (advisor) ; Anděra, Ladislav (referee) ; Němečková, Šárka (referee)
Vaccinia virus (VACV) was formerly used in the eradication campaign against smallpox. VACV infection causes lysis of most cell types, including epithelial ones, which is equivalent to necrosis. However in our laboratory, we have previously detected activation of caspases during infection of HeLa G and BSC-40 epithelial cell lines with VACV, a typical sign of apoptosis. In this thesis, the type of cell death in HeLa G and BSC-40 cell lines infected with VACV strain WR was further studied and the activation and activity of caspases in the infected cells was characterized. In HeLa G cells infected with VACV strain WR, apoptosis was identified, as demonstrated by condensed nuclei, activity of caspase-3 and cleavage of death substrates. Additionally, activation and activity of caspase-2 and -4 was detected in infected HeLa G cells. In infected BSC-40 cells, neither apoptosis nor caspase activity were observed, but activation of caspase-2 and 4 was detected in these cells also. Finally, cleavage of procaspase-3 and -12 was detected in infected cells of both cell lines. Vaccination strains Praha and Dryvax induced apoptosis in both HeLa G and BSC-40 cells, as was demonstrated by the apoptotic morphology of nuclei and by the cleavage of PARP, substrate of the executioner caspases. Our results suggest that...
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