|
|
Problems in pig breeding with regard to ammonia emissions and greenhouse gases in relation to the environment
STLUKA, Pavel
Limitation of emission ammonia and greenhouse gases is a main assumption in the present time for modification the relation between agriculture and environment. The agriculture influences significantly environment only from point of view of landscape creation but mainly in the three fields, i.e. air, water and soil. Agriculture activity effects considerably all the three fields and particularly intensive breeding of livestock by it?s by ? products i.e. organic remainders and gaseous emissions also have negative impact onto environment. Agriculture produces up to 90 % of world-wide ammonia products. In European measure the amount of ammonia leakage has to be reduced. One of the perspective technologies is exploitation biotechnological products to moderate exhalation of ammonia and greenhouse gases in surrounding stable, on dump and at the application farmyard manure and slurry.
|
|
|
The issue of ammonia and greenhouse gases emissions measurements at breeding cattle on pastures and the impact on the environment.
HASÍK, Juraj
The Bachelor´s Thesis lists different methods for measurements of ammonia concentration according to the standards of Czech Technical Standards (ČSN) and the Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering (VÚZT Praha). Further, it includes selected methods for measurements of concentration of individual greenhouse gases. The project took place in the co-operative farm (ZD) Krásná Hora nad Vltavou. The ammonia concentration was first measured in the stables using the electronic sensors method and then using the method of measurement of the substrate in the measuring tunnel on pastures. In the stables, the obtained values from untreated cattle slurry and the obtained values from cattle slurry treated by AMALGEROL were being compared. The measurements of ammonia concentration on the pasture were focused on the ammonia release into the air after micro climatic and physical intervention.
|
|
|
Treating extraordinary situations connected with the leakage of dangerous harmful substances applied in the Brewery Eggenberg, a. s.
FUČÍK, Jaromír
The thesis treats the situation connected with the possible leakage of ammonia, applied in the Eggenberg a. s. brewery as cooling medium. It deals with the so-called worst variant of the accident {--} leakage of the maximum possible amount of the substance. The introduction is devoted to the legislation concerning the dangerous chemical substance, prevention of serious accidents, components of the integrated rescue system and the fire prevention. The thesis contains the characteristics and the description of ammonia as dangerous substance, with focus on its toxicity and it analyses the results of a possible leakage. For the simulation of a possible accident, the software instrument TerEx was applied. The calculations acquired after entering the input data into the program served for determination of the zone where the detrimental concentration of ammonia would reach in case of a leakage. In comparison with the original calculations performed in the last years applying the ROZEX programme, the zone with a harmful concentration would be substantially extended. The results of the thesis should be taken into consideration in the emergency plan of the region and in the emergency plan of the Eggenberg a. s., Brewery, however, also the procedure of the intervention of the integrated rescue system components shall be specified. Moreover the way of performing the inspections in the section of the fire protection in subjects applying, processing or storing dangerous chemical substances and preparations is drafted. The thesis tries to draw the attention to the fact that also a relatively small amount of a dangerous chemical substance may cause a considerably significant accident.
|
|
| |
|
|
Emergency action plan in case of accident with ammonia leak at the Winter Stadium Kotlina Havlíčkův Brod
ZEZULOVÁ, Jana
The amount of ammonia used for cooling stadiums is usually lower than the limits stated in annex to the Act about prevention of fatal accidents caused by dangerous chemical substances, and for this reason the stadiums aren't subject to such strict security procedures determined by the law. However, these are places where big amounts of people can gather in a certain moment, thus in case of accident and ammonia leak, the health condition of many people could be threatened, given the fact that some of them don't even realise how to behave in such a situation. In the introduction of my thesis I focused my attention on the issues of extraordinary events, dangerous substances and products, on the legislation concerning the sphere of chemical substances and protection of population and accidents associated with the spills of dangerous substances. My work also contains the characteristics and description of ammonia and computer programmes used for modelling of consequences of accidents associated with spills of dangerous chemical substances. In the practical part of my thesis I simulated an accident with ammonia leak from Winter Stadium Kotlina in Havlíčkův Brod using the programming tool TerEx and from the results that I obtained I suggested a ?emergency action plan" targeting the analysis of eventual evacuation of pupils and pedagogical staff from the neighbouring primary schools. I used interviews with headmasters of primary schools for the purposes of this analysis. Furthermore, I analysed the population's level of awareness and knowledge of the problem (people living in the area of simulated zone of danger) and pedagogical staff from the neighbouring primary schools in the issues of correct practice in case of ammonia leak from the winter stadium. A part of thesis is a leaflet warning processed and an information poster intended for the population living in Havlíčkův Brod about correct practice in case of release of hazardous chemicals.
|
|
|
A simulated accident of a rail tank car in the railway station Jihlava with subsequent leakage of ammonia.
VÁLEK, Luboš
This diploma thesis dealing with a simulated accident of a rail tanker in the railway station in Jihlava with subsequent leakage of ammonia has been prepared in the form of public and available information that provides a brief overview about the topic. In the introduction, possible types of extraordinary events are described with individual examples. In another part of the thesis, extraordinary events in traffic are mentioned as well as accidents connected with leakage of dangerous substances. The follow-up chapter deals with the issue of emergency planning, aimed particularly at leakage of ammonia. The remaining part is devoted to the integrated rescue system. Another chapter deals with ammonia toxicology with examples. The following part concerns railway haulage, including rail transport of ammonia. The following chapter describes the chronology of an extraordinary event with the follow-up solution. In the diploma thesis, research of awareness of the general public about ammonia is presented. The conclusion contains specification of problems that occurred during preparation of this paper. Also comparison with specialized literature is provided as well as the author{\crq}s own ideas.
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Retention of nutrients in floodplains
Vymazal, Jan
Nitrogen and phosphorus transformations in floodplains are manifold and very intensive. However, the intensity of the processes depends very much on climatic and geomorphological conditions and also vegetation may play very important role. Probably the most important process responsible for nitrogen removal in floodplains is denitrification which takes place in anoxic/anaerobic soil and litter layers. Substantial removal of nitrogen may also occur via accumulation in the aboveground plant biomass. This process, however, does not remove nitrogen from the system unless the biomass is harvested. The most important process responsible for phosphorus retention in floodplains is sorption on sediment particles deposited during the flood. Removal via plant harvesting may also add to phosphorus removal.
|
|
| |
guest ::
