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Physiotherapy in the patients with combined handicap - physical and mental
ČEKALOVÁ, Renata
My bachelor´s work deals with possible applications of physiotherapy for patients with combined disabilities physical and mental. The number of people with combined disabilities is growing despite improving medical care and more advanced technologies used. Most cases are incurable illnesses where a timely diagnosis and following early rehabilitation, which can significantly mitigate the consequences, are the most important factors. The theoretical part focuses on the characteristics, diagnostics, etiology and classification of the physical and mental disability and on the comparison of particular literary sources. The next part was dedicated to various possibilities of therapy for people with combined disabilities. The therapy does not mean only therapeutic rehabilitation. The social, pedagogical and work rehabilitations play an important part, too. The goal of the complete rehabilitation is achievement of as much self-sufficiency as possible, active life integration or adoption of the handicap. It is a process which helps disabled people to develop or strengthen their physical, mental and social skills. As for people with acquired disability we try to retrieve as many former abilities as possible. On the other hand people with a congenital disability are treated to keep ordinary development. The practical part writes up three casuistries in which I set a target, a description of the methodology and characteristics of the research sample. While meeting the first client the anamnesis and the entrance kinesiology examination were done. The front, from behind and side physical exams were included, together with the palpation examination, the examination of shortened muscles, motion stereotypes, examination of standing on one leg or walking. Next, I examined the distances in the spine and did a special examination focused on the deep spine stabilization. Thereof three tests according to Kolář were chosen the midriff test, the extention test and the body flection test. The therapy took 10 weeks at the Diagnostic welfare institute (since 01/01/2015 renamed - Kopretina home). The goal of the work was to chart the physiotherapy at selected clients with combined disability and then to suggest and perform a short-time therapeutic plan. Next I compared the states at the beginning and at the end of the research regarding the influence on the quality of their lives. The therapy was finished with an output kinesiology examination and with interviews with individual clients to get to know their subjective therapy assessment.
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Physiotherapy procedures affecting flat foot and their another effect on posture in preschool children
BOČANOVÁ, Lucie
This thesis deals with the relationship between the flat foot and overall posture in preschool children. The foot is an important organ for the proper functioning of the entire musculoskeletal system. It mainly provides the standing and the human locomotion. Thanks to receptors ,stored in structures legs CNS (central nervous system) , it obtains information about the surrounding environment. If its function is impaired, occurs due to long muscle chains affecting other body segments. One of the most frequent deformity is flat foot, which is characterized by a reduction or disappearance of the longitudinal arch of the foot. The arches of the foot are essential for the proper function of the foot. It creates three footholds, into their centre of gravity falls man. The aim of this work is to use the stimulation of the soles and use exercises through which will improve the position of the foot arch in preschool children. The exercise unit was chosen individually for each patient. It contained mostly exercises with the element of games that children were able to hold their attention during therapy. The exercises I chose are not only on the soles, but also on the dynamic exercises, involving the participation of the entire musculoskeletal system. Another aim is to map the impact of flat feet in overall posture. The area of the leg is very important for the entire musculoskeletal system its links with higher tiers through the muscular chain. In the theoretical part of this work is presented information about the issue. The first part contains a discussion of foot anatomy and her kinesiology . There are also expressed basic functions of the legs. A significant section of the theoretical site composes arches of the foot and its dysfunction.The most common deformity which is defined here is a deformity of the foot arch, flat foot. The last topic of theoretical part deals with the relationship between flat feet and posture. The practical part was prepared by qualitative research in the form of case studies. The research group consisted of three patients - two boys aged 4 and 5 years, one girl aged 6 years. Therapy took place for 12 weeks where children practiced daily under supervised instructed parents. During the first and the last therapy I carried the input and output assessment, which includes an objective evaluation of the slab using fingerprints. The therapy I had set individually according to the needs of each patient. The results of this work can be assessed that the therapy of the flat foot we can affect the entire musculoskeletal system. In all patients after three months are visible changes not only in the slab, but also in the torso area. For this reason, the area of the feet should not be overlooked.
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Feldenkrais Method, Breath and Voice
Oswaldová, Petra ; PILÁTOVÁ, Jana (advisor) ; KRÖSCHLOVÁ, Eva (referee)
The scope of the ?Feldenkrais method, breath and voice? dissertation thesis is the process of examining and recording circumstances, under which it is possible to interactively combine elements of movement, breathing and voice in a new approach that is primarily intended for group learning. In introduction, the author describes the theoretical and practical basis and presents main inspiration sources: learning by movement according to Dr. Moshé Feldenkrais and voice upbringing by Libuše Válková. These are followed by the basic terms integrating both approaches that are named in the context of practice and a philosophical overlap
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The Psyche of a active Musician (selected problematic areas)
Dostalová, Gabriela ; KLÁNSKÝ, Ivan (advisor) ; MALÝ, František (referee)
The thesis contains a short introduction which describes the significance of music for human psyche. The focus is further placed on the research of the influence of Mozart?s compositions on students and children. The following chapter brings a concise characterisation of musical imagination, its subtypes and the heightened level of this imagination in musicians. The author is also concerned with the issues of musical aptitude, its basic characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of musical talent and the comparison between the brains of musicians and people of other professions. In the following chapters, the author focuses on the terms absolute pitch and synaesthesia, explicating their meaning, describing their specific features and analysing conditions of their origin as well as possible reasons for their future deterioration. The thesis also addresses the issue of potentially negative influences of music on human psyche, i.e. catchiness of some melodies and musical hallucinations, as well as the issue of dystonia in musicians, its causes and possible methods of treatment. The following chapters describe the effect of the so-called ?phantom hand?, the principle of stereophonic hearing and the consequences of its loss. The conclusion contains a brief summary of the thesis and the reasons behind the choice of this
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Work with children from child's home from the Viewpoint of a Choreographer
Kupcová, Soňa ; NĚMEČKOVÁ, Elvíra (advisor) ; BARTLOVÁ, Helena (referee)
The title of my masters thesis is Work with children from child's homes from the viewpoint of a choreographer. It outlines three very important aspects of the topic.
The first part characterizes the structure and functionality of the selected child?s home with the focus on the grant project within the global grant of CZ. 1.07/1.2.05 Equal opportunities in education in the Middle Bohemian region - Operational programme of Education for competitiveness.
The second part deals with the explanation and classification of the term therapy, psychotherapy and significant persons who advocated their development. I dedicated the final parts of the chapter to the characteristics and functionality of danse therapy, art therapy and music therapy.
The third part deals with the comparison of the course of training of amateurish group and children from the DDŠ Býchory. It highlights the problems concerning the work with disadvantaged children and the children from incomplete families who often suffer from mental problems.
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Professional Diseases of Pianists with Specialization in Prevention
Hasmanová, Adéla ; MALÝ, František (advisor) ; BILINSKÁ, Kvitoslava (referee)
Play on piano is one-sided movement activity. During this activity is burned our upper body mainly our arms. During overworking of particular part can happen disease of playing apparatus. Aim of this work is to map the most common diseases for pianist, to find out symptoms and causations and mainly to find out more about prevention. Also this work is providing information from anatomy, which is necessary to know for pianist affected by professional disease.
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Physiotherapy for patients with thoracic spine injury (without spinal cord injury) in the early period after injury
KREJČÍŘOVÁ, Hana
This bachelor thesis deals with traumatic spinal cord injury (no lesion of the spinal cord) with a focus on the thoracic area. Fractures of the thoracic vertebrae occurs most frequently in traffic and bicycle accidents or falls from a height. Great influence also has osteoporosis (especially in postmenopausal women). Doctor´s assessment is followed by conservative or operative treatment and rehabilitation. The theoretical part consists of the sum of knowledge concerning this issue. There are explained the basic anatomical structures, the stability of the spine, definitions and divisions of injuries and fractures, fracture diagnosis and types of treatment. Also the effects of fracture healing are discussed. Subsequently it is focused on physiotherapy methods, which can be used in the treatment of fractures of the thoracic vertebrae. Effective physiotherapy is in place and might include practicing good posture, physiological respiration, restoration of movement stereotypes, briefing care scar, autorelaxation or motorization of the thoracic area. For the practical part of the thesis has been used qualitative research method. Physiotherapy in three patients with fractures of the thoracic vertebrae is described there. The first meeting included the history-taking in the form of a structured interview followed by entrance kinesiologic examination. It consisted of static testing of all respondents with aspection front, back and side, breathing wave dynamic tests and walk test. In addition, a measurement of distances on the spine was made. Another examination was testing of postural stabilization and postural reactibility for which they were selected three tests - diaphragmatic test, trunk flexion and extension test by Prof. Pavel Kolář. The therapy lasted eight weeks and individually at each patient's home. The aim was to map the possibilities of physiotherapy techniques used in patients with spinal thoracic spine (without damage to the spinal cord). Furthermore, the design and implementation of short-term treatment plan for individual patients and comparing their status at the beginning and at the end of research in relation to their degree of affinity to the active physical exercise. The therapy was finished with output kinesiological analysis. The probands were also subjected to an unstructured interview, in which each told their subjective evaluation of the progress of the research. This bachelor thesis could serve as study material for students and health professionals and to raise awareness of the general public about the impact of physiotherapy for pain relief and increasing range of motion in patients with fractures of the thoracic vertebrae. Equally essential purpose is to raise awareness of patients about their treatment options.
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Physiotherapy for Stroke Patients in Chronic Stage Using the Methods of the Neurophysiological Basis
HANZALOVÁ, Jitka
The topic of the thesis is the physiotherapy based on neurophysiological methods for chronical stage stroke patients. The stroke is a lesion of a part of the brain tissue which develops suddenly from lack of blood perfusion in the area. The clinical manifestation of stroke can differ widely depending mainly on localization, extent, graveness and duration of the reduced blood perfusion or encephalorragia. This results in need of special rehabilitation programme made for each patient individually. The main principle of physiotherapy based on neurophysiological methods is prospering from plasticity of the neural tissue which is preserved in spite of severe injury of the brain. These methods influence control mechanisms in central nervous system by activation of various neural receptors. This therapy affects the patient complexly, it is not aimed at analytic muscle training. The purpose of this thesis was to prove and to evaluate the significance of the neurophysiological methods based physiotherapy for chronical stage stroke patients. The thesis consists of theoretical part and practical part. The theoretical part resumes information on the stroke, its risk factors, complications, consequences etc. The next part briefly describes some of the neurophysiological methods which can be used for the stroke rehabilitation. These particular methods were then utilized in the practical part during physiotherapy sessions with concrete patients. The theoretical part also informs about other means of complex rehabilitation which can be used for treating chronical stage stroke patients. The practical part records physiotherapeutical treatment with the patients. In the practical part of the thesis qualitative research method was used and following methodics: anamnesis, entering examination, special examination by Chedoke for hemiplegia scoring, the records of each therapy session and evaluating the effect of the therapy, which show that physiotherapy for stroke patients is meaningful in chronical stage as well and that the methods and concepts used are suitable. The thesis may serve as a source of information for healthcare professionals and other people taking part in care of the chronic stage stroke patient.
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The importance of regular fitness activities before planned orthopedic surgery
KOTLABOVÁ, Sandra
The bachelor thesis deals with the influence of regular fitness activities before the scheduled orthopedic surgery. The thesis discusses the use of special methods of physiotherapy and physical therapy to help patients prepare for their surgery and post-operative rehabilitation. The most common scheduled orthopedic surgery in the Czech Republic is a total hip joint prosthesis, it is applied up to 10 000 refunds anually. The total hip joint prosthesis is followed by a less frequent knee joint prosthesis. Implementation of any suitably chosen fitness activity before the surgery may be very useful and desirable for the patient.The current knowledge of the anatomy and biomechanics of bearing joints of the lower limb - knee and hip is summarized in the theoretical part of the thesis. This part also describes the joint compensation in detail. After that, there is mentioned the development of compensations in the course of history, as well as the different types of prosthesis and inserted components. Last but not least, there are described surgical approaches of implantation of the compensation. The theoretical part also includes appropriate physiotherapeutic procedures and methods of physical therapy that can be applied in a pre-operative period. The aim of this thesis is to explore whether regular fitness activities applied before the surgery have an impact on the course of post-operative rehabilitation. The qualitative research method was used to achieve the objectives in the practical part. The collect the data there were used case reports, interview, observation and photographic documentation. Three patients participated in the research, all diagnosed with osteoarthritis of the joint, two of them of the hip joint and one of them of the knee joint. Not a single one of those patients was cured by the conservative treatment, so they all were recommended for surgical treatment consisting of the replacement of the damaged joint. At the first meeting the medical history and the kinesiological analysis were taken. After evaluating the input data, patients were acquainted with therapeutic method. The therapy continued for one month, three times a week. After ending the therapy, the output kinesiology analysis was taken. Each of the patients told her subjective opinion about the course of the therapy and the changes experienced after treatment. All data were recorded and subsequently evaluated. During the therapy local findings were threated at the first place. Specifically the limited joint mobility, swelling of soft tissues around the joints and shortened or weakened muscles. They were used sensomotor techniques that are suitable for correction of flat foot or hallux valgus. The stabilization techniques PNF and activation HSS were used to strengthen the entire trunk and to restore the stabilizing function of the diaphragm. This was followed by the strengthening of the upper limbs to prepare them for future walking on crutches. The last point after the treatment of local findings was the setting of the joint in proper movement stereotype. When the therapy was finished, patients reported a mild pain relief and greater stability of their limb and the entire body. The collected data show also an improvement of the muscle strength of damaged joints for at least half a degree The indicator of the progress is the comparison of the goniometric examination before and after the therapy. The joint mobility was incresed. Surgical procedures were carried out without any complications and subsequent rehabilitation was with no problem for our patiens.
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Effect of intensive physiotherapy on overweight and obezity in people from 40 to 50 years
ILLOVÁ, Lenka
The topic of my bachelor thesis is Effect of intensive physiotherapy on overweight and obesity in people from 40 to 50 years. Obesity is severe illness quickly becoming a heavy problem in the society. In spite of this, a little emphasis is put on monitoring and solving the increasing number of overweight and obese people. In my opinion it is a hot issue considering the incidence of obesity is increasing, and occurring in countries which have not been affected so far. The theoretical part deals with the aim to find out, whether the addition of physical activity to the daily routine influences losing weight. The next point includes the research of the influence both physical activities connected with the change of eating habits on losing weight. The last aim was to compile and realize the remedial program helping overweight and obese people to lose weight. There was a qualitative research based on casuistry of four people used in the practical part of the thesis. The kinesiology analysis from the opening and resultant examination provided information. A part of this analysis is an anamnesis including structural dialogue, visual and physical examination, anthropometry and specific physiotherapeutic examination, such as callipers-Ace and detection of the deep stabilization spine system. The therapy took place for three months. Probands participated in the conditional training, aerobic kinetic activity and the deep stabilization spine system mobilization. It figured out from the research that the most suitable way how to reduce body weight is the combination of more physical activity and the change of eating habits. The best results were achieved within probands who changed their eating habits at the time the therapy started. Only the application of kinetic activity while treating obesity and overweight cannot cause marked losing weight. One of the probands even gained weight as well as made smaller his waist girth. The research confirmed the necessity of individual approach to each of the probands. Every person responds and adapts differently although the problem is alike. The obesity and excess weight treatment is a long term matter, however, three months confirmed the effectiveness of the therapy. This thesis can serve in clinical physiotherapeutic practice for overweigh and obesity treatment. Next it can be used like study materials for students and graduates of the physiotherapy branch or for laic public.
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