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The childbirth through the eyes of woman who gives birth
ZADRAŽILOVÁ, Iveta
This bachelor thesis deals with pregnant women's ideas of their childbirth and, subsequently, compares these ideas with the real course of it. In the theoretical part the issue of childbirth, its course and the midwifery care in each of the stages of labour were described as well as alternative conducts of labour. Given the theme of this thesis, the psychophysical preparation for childbirth, the birth plan, the role of the accompanying person during labour as well as the prevention of childbirth injuries were also described. For the scientific part of the thesis two goals were set, namely to find out about the ideas women have about childbirth and, afterwards, to compare these ideas with the real course of labour. Based on these two goals, two scientific issues have emerged which focused on the ideas and visions that women had about childbirth and also how they felt about it afterwards. The quantitative method of half-structured in-depth interviews with the women before and after childbirth was used to complete the scientific research. The research was carried out between January and February 2018 and included 15 women who agreed to give an interview. The interview was divided into two parts, the first part before birth, the second part after birth. During the first part of the interview the women answered nine and, in the second one, ten open questions. As soon as the collection of data was finished, the interviews were transcribed word by word and analysed (by hand). After that the answers were encoded and put into prepared categories. Based on the research it has become clear that all of the respondents were informed about childbirth, either through the internet or by means of childbirth preparation courses and most often they wished for their childbirth to be quick. Some of the respondents had their birth plan and all of them wished to be accompanied by their partner. Some of them also asked for a doula or a private midwife assistant. Most of the respondents hadn't been preparing for labour pains and almost all of them wanted to use hydro-therapy as a means of analgesia during the first stage of labour. More than a half of the respondents had been using some method of prevention of perineal tear during pregnancy. As for the role of the midwife assistant, they mostly expected her to be friendly and able to provide advice. The course of childbirth was mostly seen and valued as an unforgettable and positive "experience". According to most of the respondents their midwife assistant was kind and able to provide them with understandable information. The environment of the delivery room was described as pleasant by almost all of the women. Most of them handled their labour pains well. All the respondents understood the person accompanying them as mental support. Most respondents suffered from childbirth injuries. Almost all of the respondents could apply some of the knowledge they had acquired during pregnancy. All of the women who had their birth plan ready could see their wishes at least partially fulfilled. The research has shown that most of the respondents were satisfied with the course of their childbirth and their ideas were not very different from reality. This bachelor thesis can be used as a source of information for pregnant women or as a summary of midwifery care regarding the woman in labour. Thee information leaflet can be given to pregnant women attending antenatal classes as a source of helpful information for the whole process of giving birth.
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Anthropological perception of current home births without medical assistance.
Drabantová, Lucia ; Brůžek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Koudelová, Jana (referee)
The study discusses the current home births in developed countries. Introduction deals with the emergence of a model of human birth in the background of evolutionary mechanisms and the resulting biological risks, which are illustrated by data on maternal and neonatal mortality. Home births are understood in the complex scale, and so formation of current model of obstetrics in selected countries is shown in historical background. It brings most common image of women and the circumstances that lead to the choice of home birth. The study focuses on the comparison of home and hospital births due to the occurrence of undesirable health complications. As this comparison showed the results that births are largely influenced by medical interventions carried out, frequency of these procedures is also compared. Higher occurrence of interventions in hospital births can be partly explained by changes in the demographic profile of mother, which increases the risks associated with childbirth at home. Data processed in the study suggest that today's home births require extensive implementation of system changes, and therefore the home birth as a safe alternative is not recommended. It also doesn't consider hospital births appropriate in terms of excessive interventions, rather a compromise in the form of home birthing...
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Biological and social factors related to reproduction in the Czech Republic
Kaplanová, Helena ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Fialová, Ludmila (referee)
The aim is to describe the development of selected demographic characteristics and their comparison in the long term or in selected years characterizing the babies and their mothers in the Czech Republic. The indicators are divided according to what they described to the biological factors, social factors and health factors. The analysis of biological characteristics includes age, frequency, order of birth and mothers parity. Social characteristics examined include marital status and education. Health characteristics in the thesis deal with pregnancy and childbirth, addictive substances use and childlessness. This thesis also describe the evolution of the mentioned characteristics and their combinations for the region NUTS II. in the Czech Republic supported by cluster analysis, which confirmed the regional differentiation. The major finding is that mothers still continuing moving to higher age groups, increasing the proportion of births outside marriage, increasing the representation of women in higher education and increasing the proportion of childbearing by caesarean section. In conclusion, this work also includes a description of the current typical woman, who has a children
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Differences of care during childbirth in selected Czech and Finnish maternity hospital
VOSMEKOVÁ, Tereza
The theme of the Bachelor's thesis is "The differences of care during childbirth in selected Czech and Finnish maternity hospitals." The theoretical part is divided into three major subplots. In the first part we deal with differences in education and in competencies in selected countries. The second section is focused on describing the course of childbirth and the role of the midwife in the individual parts of birth. In the third part we focused on pharmacological and non-pharmacological control of pain during childbirth. The research describes the differences in care during the whole labor: from the time when a mother comes into the delivery room until her displacement to the maternity ward and then for how long her stay will be in a health care facility. One goal was set while writing this Bachelor thesis. The aim was to determine differences in the care during childbirth in Czech Republic and Finland. Based on the goals, two research questions arose. Research question 1: What are the differences of competence of midwives in the Czech Republic and Finland? Research question 2: Which interventions do midwives most frequently use in the Czech Republic and Finland for pain management? To handle the thesis, a qualitative research technique and a method of semi-structured interview was chosen, whose aim was to obtain detailed information on the chosen topic. A total of 13 questions were provided for the interview. For data analysis method, hand coding method, pencil and paper method was selected. The research sample consisted of three midwives from the Czech Republic and three midwives from Finland. Interviews were completely anonymous, voluntary and all respondents were informed of the possibility to terminate it at any time. The research was conducted during the period of January and February 2016. The first questions were identified the age of respondents, education, and practice time within the delivery room. The other questions focused on the period between maternal intake of the delivery room and the time until her release. The data obtained was divided into five main categories: Intake into the delivery room, the first stage of labor, the second stage of labor, the third stage of labor and the release. Each category was subsequently divided into subcategories. For clarity, a table was created with respondents identifying information and diagrams for each category. The results of the research showed that there are differences in the implementation of competencies of midwives in those countries. The main difference we discovered was the opportunity to lead the entire physiological birth from beginning to end only by a midwife without medical supervision in Finland. Midwives are also competent to lead birth in breech positions and even lead a water birth. However, even in Finland it depends on the practice of hospital and in which the birth is being kept. Another discovery was the difference in the possibility of pain control during childbirth. In Finland there are certain drug administrations related to the competence of midwives who can perform them, as well as pudendal analgesia. Czech midwives are dependent on the decision of the physician. Furthermore, the results of the interviews revealed the popularity of pharmacological pain relief between Finnish midwives and mothers, especially the possibility of using epidural analgesia for primiparous and spinal analgesia for multiparous On the other hand, there was a preference of non-pharmacological pain control among Czech midwives and parturient. A Popular method of non-pharmacological pain control among Czech mothers and midwives was hydro-analgesia and possibility to stay on a gymnastic ball. This thesis can serve as a source of information for those who are interested in other nursing sectors, for midwifery students considering to travel abroad or it can be published in the journal.
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First aid at the running childbirth assisted by phone
MORAVCOVÁ, Adéla
The content of this thesis is to provide professional assistance in the ongoing labor on the phone. The proper providing of help by the operator in the outgoing labor is very important for mother and vicinage. Providing of first-aid threatment on the phone in the outgoing labor, consists of the childbirth and also of the threatment for mother and child after the birth. Teorethical part of the belachor work is applying itself not only childbearing assisted on the phone, but also on physiological and pathological childbirth and proceduers of correct first-aid threatment. Teorethical part begins with the definition of the word childbearing and also with characteristics of history and present of childbirth. As a next step, there is an analysis of childbirth with its possible complications, first-aid and threatment care. At the and of teorethical part, there are descriptions of responsibilities of emergency medical services employees and procedures of ongoing labor assisted on the phone and also for resuscitation of newborns assisted on the phone.
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Comfort of mothers during childbrith
HANZALOVÁ, Martina
This thesis for a bachelor's degree is dealing with the comforts of expectant mother in the process of delivery. A theoretical part is divided into three main chapters. The first chapter covers the delivery description and its classification. The second chapter deals with an inclusive nursing care for a mother-to-be in the process of delivery and a midwife's care during every particular labour phase. The last chapter describes all aspects which affect the delivery process. The exploratory part of this thesis is focused on the contentment of women in labour with the offer of comforts during their delivery. I have set two aims. The first aim was focused on the women awareness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques which cope with the pain in the process of delivery. The second aim was focused on the women contentment with comfort offer in the labour ward and the treatment of nursing staff. I have chosen three research questions: Which possibilities of pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques do the women know and use to ease the pain in the process of delivery? Which relaxation aids have been offered in the process of delivery? To what extent the woman has been satisfied with the ambience and the nursing staff treatment? I chose the method of qualitative research. I carried on a survey to get the detailed and comprehensive information. The whole research was transferred to two main categories and its subcategories. During investigations it emerged that most respondents found the information on the Internet, in professional literature, antenatal courses etc. Hydroanalgesia appeared to be the most known alternative to ease the pain in the form of shower or bath. As far as pharmacological possibility is concerned the respondents mentioned only epidural analgesia. The comforts category describes general comforts which the midwife offers to the expectant mothers in the process of delivery. Antenatal preparation was given to most respondents with the previous consent and they were offered drinks in the labour ward. Most respondents were also offered non-pharmacological techniques to ease the pain such as relief positions, gymnastics ball, massage, hydroanalgesia etc. No respondent was offered epidural analgesia, however, one respondent was relieved with the help of pharmacotherapy. The thesis also deals with the people present in childbirth and the influence of ambience. It was shown that most respondents had no reservations. The category which assesses the women contentment with the midwives attitude towards expectant mothers shows that most women were satisfied. The midwives were not only mental support but also they took care about their comfort and informed about the process of delivery. There was only one case when the woman was not satisfied and she would appreciate to get more information from the midwives. Unprofessional attitude of the midwives has an influence on the respondent assessment. The research shows that public health needs not only routine work but mainly human attitude and communication. Midwives should behave sympathetically, be assertive towards the women in labour and relieve the pain with the help of all available techniques in such a demanding situation as delivery is.
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Nursing care for the mother who has just given birth and for the newborn in the conditions of prehospital emergency care
KADEŘÁBEK, Petr
The nursing care for the woman who has just given birth and for the newborn is performed by a member of the medical rescue service team, i.e. by a non-medical health professional. A non-medical health professional is considered a specialized nurse or a paramedic. During his career a paramedic may encounter the ongoing or the completed childbirth out of the hospital environment. He has merely a maternity package and other standard equipment of the rescue service vehicle at his disposal. However, in spite of this handicap, when comparing the hospital facilities, the paramedic must carry out the same professional performance, equally as in other acute situations. It is vital to offer the mother and the newborn the maximum of care and above all, to minimalize the threat to life. His task is therefore to be both theoretically and practically prepared for the childbirth in the field, including the following care for the mother and for the newborn in the conditions out of a healthcare institution. The bachelor thesis dealing the topic ?Nursing care for the mother who has just given birth and for the newborn in the conditions of prehospital emergency care? is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with the ongoing delivery with the presence of a paramedic and with the temporary absence of a doctor. Among other points the bachelor work deals with the equipment of the rescue team vehicle suitable for the delivery, with medical examination of the woman, transport of the woman and the foetus in utero (i.e. in the uterus) to the hospital, accomplishment of the childbirth out of the hospital environment and the following nursing care for the woman and the newborn. Due to the complex topic, I deal exclusively with the physiological childbirth, without including all possible complications that might accompany the delivery. The research of the bachelor thesis examines both the theoretical knowledge and the practical experience of the paramedics with an on going childbirth in prehospital conditions, including the following nursing care for the woman and the newborn. In connection with the objectives, the hypothesis has been set ? the paramedics have sufficient theoretical knowledge with on going deliveries including the following nursing care for the woman and the newborn. The quantitative research, the method of questioning and the questionnaire have been applied. As a technique of questioning a printed, standardised and anonymous questionnaire has been used. The data were being collected since February to March 2013. The paramedics from the medical rescue service of the South Bohemia were chosen as a target group, forming together the sample of 102 persons. In order to confirm the given hypothesis, a set of specific seventeen questions focused on the nursing care for the woman and the newborn have been determined. The responses were counted, elaborated by the SPSS program and inserted into synoptic tables. Each question has been then statistically interpreted by the Pearson's chi-squared test. All in all, the adequate level of the theoretical knowledge was proved only in case of ten questions, the rest of the questions did not reach the sufficient level of the statistic importance. Therefore, it results from the research that paramedics do not have sufficient theoretical knowledge; the hypothesis has been then rejected. The reason is probably due to low frequency of childbirth situations in conditions of the prehospital emergency care. This work should serve especially to students and paramedics as a source and the summary of the information needed, mainly in the domain of the childbirth in the prehospital emergency care and nursing care for the woman and the newborn. The results of the research may become an impulse for launching special seminars dealing with both theoretical part and the practical rehearsal for the maternity situations in prehospital conditions.
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Nursing care for women with breech birth.
KUČEROVÁ, Dagmar
The bachelor thesis focuses on nursing care for a woman during breech delivery. The theoretic part describes phases and process of spontaneous delivery, causes, diagnostics and risks with breech delivery, technique of breech delivery and role of midwife during vaginal breech delivery. In the practical part there are three basic goals, hypothesis and research question. Aim of the thesis was to find out level of awareness among midwives about alternatives of management during breech delivery and possible complications of breech delivery, and what experience midwives have with management of vaginal breech delivery and find out awareness of woman in labour about alternatives in management of breech delivery prior and who informed them. The research proceed by quality and quantity form. Quantity data collection proceed by method of anonym questionnaire, that were given to midwives on delivery suite in hospitals in Prachatice, Strakonice, Tabor, Jindrichuv Hradec, Plzen and Klatovy. Quality data collection proceed by interview, which was carried out with women after delivery on confinement ward in hospital Prachatice. Hypothesis 1 was, that midwives know conditions of management of breech delivery. This hypothesis was confirmed. Hypothesis 2 was, that midwives have enough theoretical knowledge about management of breech delivery by vaginal approach. Hypothesis was confirmed. The research question was answered, women in labour were sufficiently informed about alternatives in management of breech delivery already in prenatal clinic. Nursing documentation was created for delivery suite in hospital Prachatice.
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The importance of pre-natal preparatione.
BUREŠOVÁ, Markéta
Antenatal preparations during the period of pregnancy have an important role. This includes professional healthcare workers getting to know the women during pregnancy, establishing how to work together the most effectively during the period before the birth, how to cope with the postnatal period and women also learn about the basic care of their baby. The value of antenatal preparation for future mothers is not insignificant and cannot be separated from the role of the professional midwife. Part of the physical care of pregnancy belongs within the realm of the midwife and is covered by the paragraph MZ CR no.55/2011 clause 5 which refers to the competence of the midwife. For 10 years I have been in charge of antenatal provision in Klatovy and therefore selected this topic for my research project. I wanted to assess if the antenatal preparations in this region were sufficient and the reasons the midwives had for taking charge of such antenatal courses. The method I used was a semi-informal interview. The respondents were midwives working in the maternity suite of the gynecological and maternity department of Klatovy hospital. Following the interviews I was able to address the first question posed in this research project: ?How do midwives evaluate the antenatal provision in Klatovy region?? A clear picture emerged that antenatal provision in this region is of a high quality and organized. . The second question: ?For what reasons had the midwives become involved in leading these antenatal preparations?? was also addressed. Respondents were in agreement that the main motivation for being in charge of such antenatal courses was to work together with pregnant women. . I believe that the results obtained from this research could be used for further improving and extending care of pregnant women via antenatal course provision in Klatovy and in addition the data could be incorporated into a manual.
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The Needs of Birthing Women
KUBAŇOVÁ, Hana
This bachelor thesis deals with mothers-to-be needs. The aim of the research was to identify needs of the giving birth mothers, how midwifes perceive them and how the mothers perceive them themselves and then to compare those needs. A qualitative method of a non?directive interview was chosen for the research. The interviews were conducted with 15 midwives and with 31 mothers in four maternity hospitals, one of them in Austria and then they were subsequently processed by a method of a content analysis. Results show that for the mothers themselves a decision what people will be at the birth, a desirable approach of the staff, an actual care of the staff and their physical needs belong among the most important needs. The midwives consider the most important needs the atmosphere around the giving birth mother, further just as the mothers, the desirable approach of the staff, the actual care of the staff and the physical mothers´ needs and besides it their maternal competence, awareness and perception of the birth primarily as a result. When comparing individual hospitals there was found a fact that the Austrian mothers have least needs and Czech mothers giving birth in the smallest researched hospital have most of them. Midwives in individual maternity hospitals do not differ very much among one another in a perception of the needs, however mothers´ needs were least perceived by midwives in the largest hospital. The thesis showed that even the midwives themselves have their actual needs at their work performance and these needs were identified. The author points out that midwives should be aware of not only the mothers´ needs in general, but they should know the specific needs of the woman they care of. Therefore she proposes an introduction of a birth plan, which would be drawn up by the midwife together with the mother and which would become a part of the nursing documentation.
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