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Druhová diverzita plevelů vybraných polních plodin
Bohuslav, Jakub
This bachelor thesis is focused on different weed species evaluation in selected crops. The monitoring took place was at KOJÁL Krásensko, družstvo. The holding is situated in South Moravian Region, Vyškov District near village Krásensko. It manages estate of total area approximately 1821 hectars. The evaluation of quantity weed species was pursue in four crops: winter wheat, spring barley, oilseed rape and maize. For the research was used fytosociological releve method and computative method. The results for each crop are three average value of weeds in 1m2. The total amount were 25 weed species. The most occurring weed species were: field pansy (Viola arvensis), shepherd´s purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris), canada thistle (Cirsium arvense), couch grass (Elytrigia repens) and buckwheat (Fallopia convolvulus).
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Prostorové rozmístění škůdců v porostu máku setého v okolí Rozseče
Špička, František
The occurrence of the opium poppy pests was observed in the Bohemian-Moravian highland around the village Rozseč in the years 2012 on two study areas, in the year 2014 on four study areas. There was discovered occurrence of three pests. The occur-rence of poppy root weevil exceeded threshold on all study areas. In the year 2012 one plant had occurrence on an average of 4.32--5.82 larvae. 3.15--5.18 adults on meter of line were registered, maximal amount was nine adults in the year 2014. The infestation intensity of plants was 29--61 %. 1.3--2.56 larvae on one plant were discovered, maxi-mum seven larvae. The root weevil occurred evenly on all area of all study areas. Weevil poppy was discovered on study area with lowest height above sea level (604 m) with west inclination only in the year 2014. Adults were registered on five poppy head. The occurrence of weevil poppy obviously was not disintegrating on all area. The black bean aphid occurred in the middle intensity in the year 2012. 4--11% infestation of plants was discovered after leaving overflight from the winter hosts in the year 2014. 17--41% infestation of plants was discovered before blossom. The irregular dispersion of the black bean aphid on a few lands could have been caused by wind.
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Utilization of economical threshold in management of pest control in field crops
Kocourek, František
In the methodology, basic principles of expert system for decision about using of pesticides according to economic threshold are described. Decision about using of pesticides is based on analysis of economical parameters and evaluation of pesticide impact on the environment. Methods of construction of damage curves for pests and diseases of field crops are described. Damage curves are quantified for economically important diseases and pests of field crops and injury levels are specified for 77 diseases and pests. Model for development of multidimensional economic threshold is described. It is an original mathematical model that includes (beside formerly used parameters as cost of pest control, yield, and price of product) two new parameters, efficacy of pest control and environmental impact of active substance of pesticide. Method of determination of environmental impact of active substances of pesticides is described and its values are given for pesticides registered in the Czech Republic against pests and diseases in field crops. In the end of methodology, principles of pest management on the basis of economic thresholds are summarized.
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Druhová diverzita a škodlivost krytonosců rodu Ceutorhynchus na řepce ozimé v okolí Jeseníku
Kinský, Petr
The occurrence of weevils species on winter oil-seed rape was observed in year 2013 on areas in the villages Vlčice, Horní Fořt, Bernartice u Javorníka, Velká Kraš, Rapotín, Žatec on nine study areas. The observation was made by using yellow water traps emptied every third day. Weevil species found in the traps were: Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus which was the most abundant, Ceutorhynchus napi, Ceutorhynchus obstrictus, Ceutorhynchus pleurostigma and in small numbers Ceutorhynchus sulcicolis.
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