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Assessment of the Level of Nutrition and its Relationship to Milk Production in Milk Cows
HORKÝ, Jan
In the ZD Kojčice cooperative farm, a stable in Krasíkovice was studied in 2013 and 2014. The farm's production technology and the quality of the ensiled feed, feeding techniques, composition of the feed portions and selected milk production indicators were examined. The economy of milk production was also assessed. The production of ensilage ensured quality feed that was the basis for the milk cows' feed portions. The results show that the feed portions were well balanced in comparison to the recommended nutritional values for milk cows. The average yield in 2014, unlike 2013, decreased by 146 l to 5 960 l per milk cow per year. The costs per feed day were established at 138,2 Kč. The average costs for one liter of milk were 8,75 Kč/l.
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Analysis of the operating indicators of milk production
ŠANDERA, Filip
This thesis analyzes the operating characteristics of milk production. The work was developed in agricultural cooperatives of Zemědělské družstvo Podkleťan Křemže. The agricultural holding had been in assessment of dairy cattle nutrition, feeding techniques, quality of roughages, composition of the diet and comparison of economic indicators in dairy production. The quality of roughages was performed by using the fermentation process, and the fodder was subsequently classified into different classes. The composition of the diet was assessed with recommended values depending on the energy need and nutrient requirements. The reproductive performance was compared with data on total population. The economic factors were assessed in connection with yield and cost of farming.
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Pícniny v osevních postupech a ve výživě zvířat
Sláma, Miloš
The aim of the study was to assess the development of crop rotations with regard to the current state of fodder crops, when it began to wane sown forage and reduce the number of cattle as well. The thesis also deals with the principle of crop rotation, the appropriateness of including different types of forages and the influence of the inclusion of forage in crop rotation and nutrient parametres of cattle. Properly assembled crop rotation contributes to the smooth growing of plants and enrichment of the soil by a large number of underground and aboveground phytomass. Classification of forages contributes in many cases to increase soil fertility. Very suitable in this context is inclusion legumes, particularly clover plants, but also pea, which leave large quantities of crop residues and also due to symbiotic root with nodule bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen. In ruminant rations represent an important source of protein components. The greatest use of legumes in feed industry is sown alfalfa and clover. To complement the carbohydrate components of the feeding dose is of utmost importance to maize silage, which is due root crops character with possible direct fertilization also improving crop in crop rotations.
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Stanovení stravitelnosti organické hmoty metodou „in vitro" u píce odebrané z obnovených travních porostů v průběhu nárůstu 1. seče
Němcová, Petra
My thesis is focused on possible improvement of prediction of net energy lactation (NEL) and net energy fattening (NEV) concentrations by organic matter digestibility (OMD) which is determined by the laboratory method ELOS suitable for routine operations. This should improve current practice when the determination coefficients are taken from the stock-feeding tables. This method of OMD in vitro determination with ANKOM DaisyII Incubator allows serial digestion of more samples in one batch in the fermentation vessel en bloc which significantly decreases laboriousness of operation, filtration is not necessary anymore, and alternatively inoculum can be chosen according to the laboratory potential (rumen juice -- buffer, resp. clean cellulases). Prediction accuracy, when the cellulase preparations made in the Czech Republic with balanced cellulolytic and other activities were used in this experiment, proved to be sufficiently accurate and fully applicable for practical use within a wide range of grass samples. The accuracy of determination of OMD in vitro by ELOS method within values usual for grasses in technical maturity (grazing, conservation), i.e. 60 -- 80, demonstrates results which are practically identical (+-2.43 OMD units) to the Tilley, Terry (1963) method. Specific differences in growth rhythm of 7 tested grasses were stated (P 0.01), and the difference in heading of the earliest grasses (Fl - Hy 'Hykor', FA 'Kora' -- table 5) and late grass (LP 'Kentaur' -- table 5) was 3 weeks. The OMD value decrease is in the average of species, 7 dates of sample collection, two sites and two harvest years 4.44 units, decrease of NEL and NEV values by 0.42 MJ.kg-1 dry matter per week.
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The evaluation of cattle nutrition level in the agriculture enterprise
ŠANDERA, Filip
This thesis deals with evaluating the level of cattle nutrition with a focus for dairy cows in different stages of lactation. Collective farm Podkleťan Křemže contributed on this thesis providing an opportunity to monitor the quality of roughage, feeding technique and overall ration structure. Evaluation of roughage was done from the fermentation perspective with subsequent result dividing to each class. The ration was monitored from the angle of nutrient composition with assessing of nutrient and energy needs to achieve the recommended values. The nutrition should be composed of high-quality roughage to avoid dairy cows´ potential health problems. Ration should relate to the psysiological needs of dairy cows as closest as possible.
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Nutrition of dairy cows in various stages meantime, focusing on assessing the impact of nutrition on milk production and quality
HORKÝ, Jan
This thesis examines the nutrition of dairy cows at various interim phases, with a focus on assessing the impact of nutrition on milk quality and production. At the Kojčice agricultural cooperative in the village of Krasíkovice, I monitored nutrition and production parameters in Czech pied dairy cows over the course of one year. In the first section of the work, I focused on the technique and feeding of the dairy cows, the feed ration, and assessment of the feed itself. The corn silage which they were fed was rated first class. The clover silage was rated as first, second and even third class. Consultation regarding nutrition, feed analyses and composition of daily feed rations was provided by Mikrop Čebín. I also examined the state of health of the dairy cows and calves in relation to nutrition. The average yield was 6,450 kg of milk per cow per year. I monitored the individual components of the milk and evaluated how these changed over the course of the year. The average protein content was 3.48%, while fat was 4.12%. In another section, I evaluated economic indicators of milk production. The average cost per feed day was 143.51 CZK. The average production cost per liter of milk ranged around 8.51 CZK. The average purchase price per liter of milk was 7.65 CZK.
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Nutrition and feeding influence in relation to milk production of dairy cows
BARTUŠKA, Václav
The assessment of the level of nutrition of dairy cattle in relation to their milk pruduction was carried out under operating conditions. The focus was on the quality of the roughage feed, the feeding technique, the contents of the diet and the supply of nutrients. On the basis of operating and economic indicators, the milk production costs as well as an overall evaluation summing the individual observed periods have been calculated. The results of the observation of the level of nutrition over a three-year period indicate that the feed rations are prepared according to the optimal standards. In the observed periods, first quality* corn silage and first or second quality** corn silage was always used. The average efficiency of a cow reached 7 000 kg of milk per year. The average cost of one litre of thus produced milk was 9,30 CZK in an average day, and the average sum of money needed came in at 138,37 CZK.
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