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Vývoj průduchů dvouděložných rostlin: vliv faktorů prostředí
KALISTOVÁ, Tereza
Stoma are microscopic structure in plant epidermis consisted of two guard cells and a pore between them. Their development is influenced by internal processes and different environmental factors as light, water availability or concentration of CO2. Carbon in CO2 has two stabile isotopes,12C and 13C, which have different weight and concentration in atmosphere. The 13C abundance (13C) in leaf tissue reflects the environmental condition experienced during the leaf live span. Here I studied: i) development of epidermal cells (primarily of stomata) during first true leaf ontogeny in Lepidium sativum and Arabidopsis thaliana and ii) effect of milling the dry leaf tissue in microtubes on 13C.
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Generation and analysis of double deficient transgenic mice for kallikrein-related peptidase 5 and kallikrein-related peptidase 14
Hanečková, Radmila ; Sedláček, Radislav (advisor) ; Fulková, Helena (referee)
Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) constitute a highly conserved serine protease family. Based on in vitro experiments, KLKs are predicted to play an important role in a number of physiolog- ical and pathophysiological processes. However, their role in vivo remains not fully understood, partially due to a lack of suitable animal models. In this work, we aim to prepare a KLK5 and KLK14 double-deficient mouse model. Both KLK5 and KLK14 were proposed to be involved in epidermal proteolytic networks critical for maintaining skin homeostasis. However, both KLK5 and KLK14 single-deficient mouse models show minimal or no phenotype, likely due to similar substrate specificity resulting in functional compensation. Double-deficient mice cannot be easily obtained by crossing due to localization of the Klk5 and Klk14 genes within the same locus on chromosome 7. We report that KLK5 and KLK14 double-deficient mice were success- fully generated, mediated by transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) targeting Klk14 by microinjection of TALEN mRNA into KLK5-deficient zygotes. Furthermore, we show that KLK5 and KLK14 double-deficient mice are viable and fertile. We believe that these novel mouse models may serve as a useful experimental tool to study KLK5 and KLK14 in vivo.
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Subunits of exocyst complex in the development of Arabidopsis epidermis
Vojtíková, Zdeňka ; Žárský, Viktor (advisor) ; Soukup, Aleš (referee)
Exocyst is protein complex evolutionary conserved in yeasts, animals and plants, which plays a role in control of cell morphogenesis and polarity. It is a tethering complex whose function is to attach secretory vesicles to specifi c foci on plasma membrane. Complex exocyst is formed by eight subunits. Subunit EXO70 is encoded by 23 paralogue genes in genome of Arabidopsis thaliana. Mutation in paralogue subunit EX070H4 causes defect in trichome maturation. Mutant trichomes have thin, not reinforced cell wall, making them soft and elastic. Transcription of EXO70H4 gene is induced by UV radiation, therefore observations of plants cultivated on UV-B radiation were done. Analysis of mutants cultivated on UV-B radiation revealed hyperaccumulation of vesicules in cytoplasm, which were visible by light microscope. Hyperaccumulation was not observed in control plants cultivated on UV-B radiation, but thickening of cell wall was induced. Th is reaction to UV in trichomes hasn't been described yet. Analysis of cellular localization made with YFP tagged constructs revealed that EXO70H4 localizes into mobile corpuscules associating with Golgi apparatus. It was found with yeast two hybrid system that EXO70H4 interacts with TRS120, subunit of tethering complex TRAPPII which is active in Golgi apparatus....
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Mechanisms of epidermal cells polarization in plants.
Vojtíková, Zdeňka ; Žárský, Viktor (advisor) ; Soukup, Aleš (referee)
Plant epidermal cells form contact area of the plant, they protect it from impacts of surrounding environment and they mediate the communication with its neighbourhood. In the epidermis there are evenly distributed several cell types with quite specialized morphology (pavement cells, trichomes and guard cells) due to the polarization mechanisms. The cytoskeleton and signal molecules of ROP GTPase family promote the polarized growth. Thanks to polarized growth the cells reach their shapes. The cytoskeleton responds to the signal by expanding the cell, helps with targeting of the secretion to the sites of active growth and mediates polarized formation of the cell wall. On the upper side of the epidermis the cuticle and layer of epicuticular waxex is secreted. The secretion of cuticular components is baso-apicaly polarized. This work summarizes the mechanisms of the polarization in plant epidermal cells discoverd untill now.
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Characterization of the role of SPINK 6 in the epidermis using transgenic models
Buryová, Halka ; Sedláček, Radislav (advisor) ; Entlicher, Gustav (referee)
Epidermal homeostasis, including proper turnover of keratinocytes, plays important role in the barrier function and serine proteases and their inhibitors are the key players. Activated proteases cleave desmosomes in uppermost layer and thus shed the cells from the epidermal surface. Therefore the serine protease inhibitors are secreted in lower epidermal layers to prevent premature activation of proteases and consequent disruption of epidermal barrier. The most studied inhibitors in epidermis belong to Serine proteases inhibitors Kazal-type family (SPINK). This diploma thesis is aimed to investigate function of murine SPINK6 in epidermal compartment in vivo. To achieve this, the transgenic mice overexpressing mSPINK6 under modified human involucrin promoter was generated. Two of five transgenic lines exhibited higher expression of mSPINK6 at mRNA and protein levels. The mSPINK6 transgenic mice are viable with no apparent phenotype. The small but in most cases not significant differences were observed on microscopic level among mSPINK6 transgenic and wild type animals In conclusion, this work showed that mSPINK6 does not play major role in skin homeostasis but gains significant importance under specific challenges of epidermal barrier. Therefore mSPINK6 transgenic mice, in combination with other deletion or...
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Realization of fingerprint scanner
Kovář, Martin ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Mézl, Martin (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the issue of scanning human fingerprints, which is currently very topical and represents the most widespread biometric technology. The theoretical part of the work acquaints the reader with basics of dactyloscopy and biometrics and concerns technologies used for fingerprinting, image preprocessing methods and commercially available contactless optical scanners. The practical part is a realisation of a contactless optical scanner based on a Raspberry Pi minicomputer, implementation of preprocessing algorithms in Python and testing of the device from the perspective of image quality.
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Revitalization program Cellulite - dermopanniculosis deformans and its verification in practice.
ŠPINDLEROVÁ, Martina
Diploma thesis deals with developing and testing of revitalization program which has positive effect on Cellulite-dermopanniculosis deformans. The research presents and evaluates results of revitalization program which took 6 months. Analysis of technical terms, that are closely related to cellulite, is presented in the theoretical part. There are presented views of Czech and foreign experts who deal with issues of cellulit. At the end of theoretical part we focused on available revitalizing methods that are aiming to elliminate cellulit. Experimental investigation was carried out on 60 women who were divided into experimental and control groups. Results are statisticaly processed in the form of graphs and tables and acompanied with discussion.
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