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Zhodnocení biologického potenciálu dřevin na lokalitě Zámecký park Neuberk a specifikace managementových opatření pro udržení, nebo zvýšení tohoto potenciálu
Fišerová, Linda
The organism biodiversity bound to trees is constantly decreasing due to the climate changes, vanishing of natural shelters and intensive management of public and private greenery. This thesis analyzes biodiversity in the park Neuberk in Mělník. Specific conditions of the park currently offer variety of habitats for number of organisms, especially those bound to trees. There were found several specially protected species (under the law rules for Czech Republic) of both vertebrates and invertebrates at the locality. On the basis of the outputs evaluation and the tree assessment this thesis proposes cultivation measures in order to reach an ideal compromise between maintaining the highest possible biologic potential and the operating safety of trees. Furthermore, there are proposed additional management measurements offering an alternative approach in order to boost biodiversity at this location in long term view.
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Biodiverzita větrolamů a biokoridorů v krajině
Nerušil, Dominik
This bachelor thesis is focused on the assessment of the floristic composition of sixteen biocorridors located in the territory of South Moravia. Individual biocorridors are studied from the point of view of species diversity of plants. Subsequently, the share of nitrophytes and forest species from the total number of species found in the locality is solved. The results showed that the total number of species in the locality is directly proportional to the width, the total area and the location of the biocorridor in the landscape. Biocorridors located in the White Carpathian region achieved the best rating. The future use of individual outputs from this bachelor thesis is very realistic with regard to the increasing interest in the issue of biocorridors in the countryside.
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Biodiverzita dřevních hub v oblasti Přírodní památky Nedošínský háj (okres Svitavy)
Horáčková, Jana
This bachelor thesis deals with the biodiversity of wood fungi in the PP Nedošínský háj. The field survey was carried out during 14 field visits that lasted from 21 February 2022 to 23 February 2023. In total, 29 species of wood-destroying fungi were found in the area of Nedošínský háj. The most of fungal species were observed in October 2022 and the least of them in February and March 2022. The highest number of wood fungal species was found on oak (Quercus spp.) (9). White rot was recorded in 83 % of the wood fungal species. Saprotrophic species were 26 (90%), saproparasitic species were 2 and parasitic species were only 1. The most common level of substrate thickness was level 3 (10.1 - 20 cm). The most abundant species were: Hypholoma fasciculare (20 records), Hypoxylon fragiforme (13 records), Pholiota squarrosa (12 records), Piptoporus betulinus (11 records), Coprinus sp. (9 records), Trametes versicolor (7 records).
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Zjištění druhů rostlin vhodných pro revitalizaci příměstské zeleně
Babická, Jana
The aim of this thesis was to identify plant species in the area of TJ Sokol, Brno – Žabovřesky. To evaluate the biodiversity within these species, to evaluate the state of the current vegetation and to propose agriculturally usable species as part of the revitalization of the area. The area is made up of five parts that are in one area, but each of them has a different type of vegetation. Sixteen species were identified within area A, forty-seven species were identified within area B, twenty-four species found on area C, forty-six plant species were found on area D, and nineteen plant species were identified on area E. Within the framework of ascertaining the state of vegetation, revitalization measures were proposed for individual areas of interest. Area A: grass area regeneration design, area B: vineyard design, area C: fruit orchard design, area D: maintenance of the original orchard creation, area E: herb section design.
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Genetické možnosti šlechtění včely medonosné
Orlova, Sofiia
There was a significant decrease in bees worldwide in the early 21st century. This thesis focused on the study of genetic factors affecting the biodiversity of a population A. mellifera. A lot of genetic markers associated with key features of bees, such as hygiene behaviour and resistance to disease, can be used to select new lines with better characteristics and the potential to maintain and improve bee population. Exploitation of molecular genetic methods, such as SNP detection, has helped to identify genetic variants in some individuals and track their spread. In combination with traditional selection methods, for instance performance-based selection and phenotype analysis, molecular methods allow the selection of individuals with the best genetic characteristics and the improvement of the overall genetic quality of the bee population. Genetic diversity is a crucial factor for the health and survival of bee colonies, it is therefore important for beekeepers to use modern molecular genetic techniques to preserve the best bee qualities.
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Změny kulturní krajiny a jejich vliv na biodiverzitu
Mánková, Denisa
The diploma thesis is focused on changes in the cultural landscape and their impact on biodiversity. The work is divided into several parts. The literature review includes an overview of available information on topics related to the landscape, biodiversity, wild beasts, biogeography and characterization of the locality of the municipality of Moravany from the point of view of biogeography. The methods used are listed in the methodology chapter, namely: calculation of ecological stability, SWOT analysis, comparative method and phytocenological survey. The results of the work present the values of the ecological stability of the selected area, as well as the evaluation of the SWOT analysis, phytocenological images, the evaluation of the comparative method, the evaluation of the survey among the inhabitants of the given village and the evaluation of the statistical records of game. The results show that changes to the cultural landscape in the selected region based on data from 2010 to 2020 had a negative impact, which is visible in the reduced reading of game from statistical data.
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Degradace lesů v Malajsii a její ekonomické a sociální dopady
Šebelová, Hana
The bachelor thesis deals with the topic of forest degradation in Malaysia and its economic and social impacts. It describes the causes and consequences of degradation and closely related deforestation, and deals with individual contents in more detail. In conclusion, economic and social impacts are presented and solutions are proposed for possible improvement of the situation in this country.
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Hunting and fishing in the light of selected environmental issues
Rudolf, Vít ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Sobotka, Michal (referee)
1 Hunting and fishing in the light of selected environmental issues Abstract The diploma thesis focuses on the hunting and fishing in the light of selected environmental issues. Both hunting and fishing are activities that may serve as freetime activities, but their main purpose is nature conservation and as such should respond to the changes in nature brought about by climate change. The aim of this diploma thesis is to provide the reader with a basic insight into the legal regulation of hunting and fishing and to assess the current legal regulation in terms of preparedness for the changes in nature brought about by ongoing climate change. The second objective is pursued by answering three questions: "Does the Czech legislation sufficiently care about biodiversity conservation?", "Does the Czech legislation effectively combat invasive and non-native species?" and "Is Czech legislation prepared for the changes in animal behaviour that will inevitably occur in the context of climate change?". The diploma thesis is divided into five chapters. The beginning of the diploma thesis focuses on the issue of climate change, where the emphasis is mainly placed on laying out the problems related to the loss of biodiversity, the introduction of non-native species and changes in animal behaviour. Next, the diploma...
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Dawn chorus succession in a lowland rainforest of Papua New Guinea
MEDELLÍN BECERRA, Sofía
This thesis examines the patterns and ecological significance of bird vocalizations during the dawn chorus in the rainforests of Papua New Guinea. Specifically, it aims to identify the species involved, analyze their songs, and understand the influence of environmental factors. To accomplish this, the study employs a combination of field recordings, phylogenetic analysis, and statistical methods to elucidate the complex interactions between avian species and their habitats. The findings of this study contribute to the broader understanding of biodiversity and ecosystem dynamics in tropical rainforests.
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Diversity, ecology, and biotechnological potential of yeasts associated with bark beetles
Havlíček, Václav ; Kolařík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Novotný, David (referee)
Bark beetles (Coleoptera; Scolytinae) attack woody plants, which is why they are considered pests from a human perspective. They owe their evolutionary success, among other factors, to numerous symbioses with microorganisms, with fungi playing a significant role. The mycobiome of bark beetles is dominated by yeasts, which, nevertheless, are widely overlooked. Intestinal yeasts not only from Ips typographus but also from other species of bark beetles have potential for future biotechnological applications. The aim of this study was to examine their diversity and physiological activities, which will help clarify their ecological role and biotechnological potential. Collections were conducted in the Czech Republic from larvae of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus and from various species of subcortical insects in Kenya. Yeasts were identified and taxonomically classified based on rDNA sequencing. A total of 133 yeast strains belonging to 37 species were identified, including 9 species that could not be identified and belong to previously undescribed species and in two cases also genera. A total of 133 yeast strains belonging to 37 species were identified, including 9 species that could not be identified and belong to previously undescribed species and in two cases also genera. The most frequently...
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