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Common-rail System for Large Engines
Dvorák, Patrik ; Řehák, Kamil (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis is devoted to specifications of common-rail injection systems for large engines used in heavy industry. Basic components of the common-rail system such as injectors, high pressure fuel pumps their function and their division into individual categories are discussed. Next, specific problems that must be faced by power plants if this power category is discussed, such as high injection pressures and fuel filtration. This thesis also includes examples of solutions for specific injection systems for large engines from renowned manufacturers. The topic of the production of harmful substances in the exhaust gases is also briefly discussed.
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Conversion of a gasoline engine to burn hydrogen
Prchal, David ; Böhm, Michael (referee) ; Drápal, Lubomír (advisor)
The master’s thesis deals with the hydrogen combustion in reciprocating internal combustion engines, a topic that is becoming more important with the planned transition to low-emission mobility. basic physical properties of hydrogen, which are compared with conventional hydrocarbon fuels. Differences in terms of mixture formation, heat release rate, heat transfer, performance, emissions and other operating parameters are described. Based on the information found, a theoretical proposal for the conversion of the 1.5 TSI evo2 gasoline engine to hydrogen combustion is made, with emphasis on achieving sufficient power, a suitable torque curve, low emissions and the lowest possible conversion costs. Data from other hydrogen spark ignition engines are analysed and few different combustion models for hydrogen are developed. A simplified 1D model of the baseline engine is created and modified for hydrogen applications. A new intake cam profile is designed for the high engine load, the approximate size of the required turbocharger is recommended, intake air cooling requirements are determined and minor structural modifications to the cylinder head are proposed. The result meets the stated objectives and demonstrates that modern spark ignition internal combustion engines can be used in combination with hydrogen as a low-emission fuel with low conversion costs.
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Spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric aerosol in urban and rural environment
Bendl, Jan
Air quality in Europe remains a significant environmental concern, affecting the health and quality of life of its population. While stationary network ambient air quality monitoring allows for the observation of main trends, it is not fully representative of personal exposure of citizens due to high spatio-temporal variability of atmospheric aerosol. Therefore, highly time-and- space resolved measurements with state-of-the-art instruments and methods are needed to observe the aerosol variability, dynamics, identify hot-spots, and pollution sources, which are necessary for successful targeted mitigation measures. This thesis addresses this gap focusing on the characterization of spatio-temporal distribution of atmospheric aerosol in inhabited environments. Novel mobile measurement systems were developed and employed to investigate diverse environments, including rural, urban and suburban area. Aerosol source-apportionment were conducted, and the toxicological effects associated with these environments were also investigated. A novel mobile measurement system was developed for personal exposure measurements and pollution mapping in urban and rural environments. The system was used to measure air quality in the Munich subway, revealing high aerosol dynamics with significantly higher concentrations of...
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The development of energetics in the Czech Republic during the following years
Musil, Miloš ; Kracík, Petr (referee) ; Toman, Filip (advisor)
This thesis analyses the current Czech energy sector. It describes its current state and outlines possible scenarios of its development in future years in the context of the energy transformation. The thesis seeks to analyse the current situation of the energy sector in the country, assess its strengths and weaknesses and identify opportunities and threats for future development. The thesis describes the different parts of the Czech energy sector, such as the electricity, gas, heating and oil industries, including production sources, consumption and emissions. Most emphasis is given to the electricity sector. The capacities and potentials of the different sectors are analysed alongside the possible future scenarios outlined. Part of the thesis is also focused on describing and explaining the composition and construction of electricity and gas prices in the Czech Republic. Emphasis is also placed on placing the Czech energy sector in the broader context of the energy sectors of European countries and includes various scenarios for the development of the electricity sector in Europe. In the context of the current geopolitical situation in Europe and the modernisation and transformation of this sector, it is necessary to build new energy sources.
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Operation of electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles and vehicles with an internal combustion engine
Herzog, Radim ; Píštěk, Václav (referee) ; Kučera, Ondřej (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the comparison of different propulsion concepts and their consumption, efficiency, and amount of emissions produced during operation. Although electric vehicles do not produce any local emissions, it is necessary to consider that emissions are generated during the production of electricity in power plants. The main part of the thesis introduces the functional principles of individual propulsion systems. Furthermore, it describes the formation of exhaust gas emissions in combustion engines and outlines their limits. Subsequently, the amount of emissions produced by a power plant for the operation of a specific example of an electric vehicle and a hybrid vehicle is calculated. Finally, a comparison of emissions production from representative examples of each propulsion system is illustrated.
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Predicting spark-ignition engine emissions
Jirout, Petr ; Böhm, Michael (referee) ; Štětina, Josef (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the possibility of predicting emissions of SI engines. The aim was to create an algorithm for predicting unburned hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide, based on ECU signals. The algorithm is based on practical experiments with SI engines. In the summary, the issues and the possible use of the created algorithm following the incorporation of EU7 are outlined.
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Alternative Fuels for CI-engines
Matoušek, Martin ; Řehák, Kamil (referee) ; Dundálek, Radim (advisor)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is alternative fuels applicable in diesel engines. First, a brief introduction to the diesel engine is given, then the individual alternative fuels are described. The most important findings about these fuels are summarized and a comparison with diesel fuel is made. Finally, each fuel is evaluated in terms of its advantages, disadvantages and applicability in practice.
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European emission legislation
Rytina, Matěj ; Kučera, Pavel (referee) ; Píštěk, Václav (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to write about exhaust emissions and their influence on environment, briefly sum issue of emission standards up and mainly sum existing facts about the “Dieselgate” affair up. I wanted to objectively evaluate this issue in my bachelor thesis. Asset of this thesis was mend to be in fact that this affair has not been academically covered yet.
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Trends in the development of hybrid vehicles
Ďurica, Matej ; Tobiáš, Martin (referee) ; Štětina, Josef (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is dedicated to make brief research in the hybrid automotive department, focused on the last ten years of development. The first part describes the categories of hybrid vehicles with an emphasis on the development of accumulators and related technology. An important part is the advantages and disadvantages of systems and drives. The second part deals with the future of hybrid drives, applications mainly in heavy industry, and the possibilities of changing "heavy" fossil fuels with "greener" alternatives. At the end of the work is the evaluation of the impact of the COVID crisis on the automotive industry.
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Ignition engine emissions
Semela, Lukáš ; Píštěk, Václav (referee) ; Kaplan, Zdeněk (advisor)
This thesis deals with emissions of ignition engines. The introduction acquaints the reader with the history and lays out the reasons why it is a crucial topic to be dealt with. Furthermore, the term emission is being explained as well as the description of its chemical composition, the impact on the environment and human organism. The method of measuring is also mentioned in this thesis. Then the explanation continues with European Union’s current legislation. The whole thesis is concluded with information on the additional modification of emissions and chapter that outlines the future of automobiles regarding the environment.
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