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National Repository of Grey Literature

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Studying the role of striatal cholinergic signaling in control of behaviour and behavioural flexibility Tyshkevich, Alexandra ; Janíčková, Helena (advisor) ; Levčík, David (referee) Cognitive flexibility is an important mechanism enabling organisms to adapt to their changing environment. Different brain structures are involved in this complex process. It has been repeatedly shown that the striatum is one of the key structures controlling cognitive flexibility. Striatum receives rich input from different brain regions while its output is rather uniform. Striatal functions and signalling are greatly modulated by dopamine and acetylcholine. A number of studies have shown involvement of striatal acetylcholine and its receptors in the control of cognitive flexibility but very little is known about the role of M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors. These receptors are inhibitory, and they have been shown to induce long-term depression in striatal medium spiny neurons, therefore opposing the action of the dopamine D1 receptors. We hypothesize that the inhibitory effect of M4 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors may supress spiny projection neurons coding for outdated and no longer effective behavioural strategy and thus they may be necessary for the flexible change of behaviour. In the present thesis, I investigated the effects of pharmacological antagonism of M4 receptors on cognitive flexibility of mice tested in a simple reversal learning paradigm. Key words: striatum; cholinergic... Detailed record

The role of nociceptive synaptic transmission modulation Tyshkevich, Alexandra ; Paleček, Jiří (advisor) ; Hejnová, Lucie (referee) Chronic pain phenomenon is an important problem in modern medicine. Occurring of this phenomenon is tightly connected with nociceptive transmission and modulation of nociceptive signal on the spinal cord level. Under the pathological conditions such as injury or inflammation this modulation is affected by different types of endogenous molecules with pain enhancing attributes. Important group of these molecules are chemokines, immune system substances, also responsible for immune cells recruitments. However, in pathological states chemokines show ability to modulate nociceptive signal and induce chronic pain. CCL2, in particular, has a significant role in modulation of these processes in the spinal cord. Investigation of the mechanisms by which CCL2 influences the spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion may be an important part for preventing the development of chronic pain. Key words: nociception, pain, spinal cord, chemokines, CCL2 Detailed record

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