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Use of robotic surgery in otorhinolaryngology
Sláma, Karel ; Slouka, David (advisor) ; Betka, Jan (referee) ; Holubec, Luboš (referee)
Dissertation work: Using of robotic surgery in otorhinolaryngology The aim of this dissertation is to introduce the use of robotic surgery in otorhinolaryngology. The theoretical part deals with the description of robotic devices and their use. This part is divided into several chapters: the invention of robots, its development and its usage in medicine. The theoretical part also deals with specifications, safety and main principles of controlling. It also includes the description of the most commonly used robotic system in medicine - the daVinci system. Furthermore, the theoretical part explains, how robots are used in otorhinolaryngology and other surgery fields including the preparation and practical procedures in a robotic operation. The other part describes specific indication criteria for transoral robotic surgery (TORS) including extended uses in otorhinolaryngology, especially in transaxillary thyroidectomy. The special part contains the evaluation of resulting data from a group of otorhinolaryngology patients with T1 and T2 squamous cell carcinoma of base of tongue and supraglottis who were operated on robotically in comparison to traditional open surgery procedures. Key words Robot, use in medicine, da Vinci system, use in otorhinolaryngology
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Use of robotic surgery in otorhinolaryngology
Sláma, Karel ; Slouka, David (advisor) ; Betka, Jan (referee) ; Holubec, Luboš (referee)
Dissertation work: Using of robotic surgery in otorhinolaryngology The aim of this dissertation is to introduce the use of robotic surgery in otorhinolaryngology. The theoretical part deals with the description of robotic devices and their use. This part is divided into several chapters: the invention of robots, its development and its usage in medicine. The theoretical part also deals with specifications, safety and main principles of controlling. It also includes the description of the most commonly used robotic system in medicine - the daVinci system. Furthermore, the theoretical part explains, how robots are used in otorhinolaryngology and other surgery fields including the preparation and practical procedures in a robotic operation. The other part describes specific indication criteria for transoral robotic surgery (TORS) including extended uses in otorhinolaryngology, especially in transaxillary thyroidectomy. The special part contains the evaluation of resulting data from a group of otorhinolaryngology patients with T1 and T2 squamous cell carcinoma of base of tongue and supraglottis who were operated on robotically in comparison to traditional open surgery procedures. Key words Robot, use in medicine, da Vinci system, use in otorhinolaryngology
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A myth about the „potent cardiostimulating“ action of insect neuropeptides has been unfounded
Sláma, Karel
Chemists and biochemists isolating or synthesizing insect neuropeptides used to create a myth about “potent cardiostimulating” properties of these peptides. The myth was motivated by a tendency to gain professional importance and scientific merit of their work. Crucial arguments in favour of the idea were obtained by simple, largely nonspecific, in vitro bioassays performed on isolated hearts of cockroaches in saline. These assays gave positive responses to a wide range of low molecular compounds as well as to most peptides tested. Our attempts to solve this problem started by development of new touch-free electrocardiographic methods for monitoring the heartbeat of unrestrained insects. Extensive in vivo recordings revealed that the tentatively “cardioactive” neuropeptides had no cardiostimulating activity under physiological conditions. Intimate similarities appeared between regulation of insect and human hearts. Accordingly, a cardioactive peptide does not exist in human medicine as well. Specific electrocardiographic methods were invented for testing new cardioactive pharmacological preparations on easily available insect material.
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