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Sensitivity analysis of costs on power outages resulting from nonadherence of custom - tailored standards of the continuity of power supply
Polák, Jiří ; Skala, Petr (referee) ; Blažek, Vladimír (advisor)
The goal of the thesis is to describe the approaches used for the regulation of the continuous supply of electric power in the selected countries of European Union and to determine the power outages costs in the specific distribution network, resulting from non-observance of the customer standards used in Great Britain, Sweden and Finland. The costs have been calculated for the entire network, as well as for the individual outputs. The thesis carries out the sensitivity analysis of the power outages costs, resulting from the breaching the supply restoration standards and the multiple interruptions standard used in the Great Britain. The costs of the individual limits are shown in the tables and the graphs. The comparison of the individual outputs according to the height of the penalty costs have been carried out on the selected set of limits. The comparison of the order of the individual outputs is then carried out for the customer standards used in Great Britain, Sweden and Finland.
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Genetic Algorithm Design for Distribution Network Outfits Optimalization
Ondruš, Tomáš ; Skala, Petr (referee) ; Paar, Martin (advisor)
The work deals with genetic algorithms and their potential use in application software to optimize high voltage switching elements of distribution network. Theoretical part explains the basic concepts of genetic algorithms such as a gene, population and chromosome and basic principles of the development of genetic algorithms.. The main task of the thesis is to design the algorithm that will simulate the distribution of the sectionalizers by telecontrolled section switches or reclosers and analyze how to set the the parameters affecting the convergence speed of genetic algorithm. The basic parameters affecting the convergence of breeding, mutation probability, population size or using of elitism. The second goal is finding a suitable set of input parameters for the selected population sizes without and with using elitism. The results of the work determine the most appropriate settings for each generation and determining the approximate number of generations needed to find the best solution. The genetic algorithm applocation was tested on a less extensive distribution network with six switching elements
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Simulation of reliability indices of a 22kV urban distribution network with various outgoing feeder configurations
Semerád, Jiří ; Skala, Petr (referee) ; Blažek, Vladimír (advisor)
This work deals with simulation of the urban distribution network reliability. For the evaluation of these networks are used indicators of reliability which are described in the first part. Next methods of analysis and posibilities for capabilities reliability simulation of distribution network are described. The third part deals with the real value of the reliability of electricity distribution in Italy. These values are presented in tables and graphs. The last part is a simulation of the urban network. Effect of different configurations on the reliability of electricity supply are studied. Sensitivity analysis is done for failure rate and proportional of the number of sampling points; the simulated values are fiven in tables and graphically.
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Reliability indices in conditions of different types of MV distribution networks
Adámek, Ondřej ; Skala, Petr (referee) ; Blažek, Vladimír (advisor)
The aim of my thesis was to clarify the basic concepts and calculations in the area of reliability of power distribution, as an important element for increase the quality of supplied electric power, this issue we examined in Chapter 3. In the previous chapter, we explained the fundamental solution of MV networks in the Czech Republic and Germany. In Chapter 4 we explained the difficulties in evaluating their values and comparisons between distributional companies, which follows that there should be a uniform procedure for the storage and collection of data for power outages. And the individual distribution companies should follow this standard.
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MV Overhead Line Protections and their Coordination with Autoreclosers
Šoustal, Petr ; Skala, Petr (referee) ; Orságová, Jaroslava (advisor)
The aim of this Master’s Thesis is to describe protections for overhead lines in distribution networks. Here are described requirements for the protection and the basic protections. Protections are divided according to their protective function. For each protection is given its use and its power plans. It is stated in the work setting of protection in the real network. On this network is simulated place with short-circuit and described the action of protection. The work also deals with the coordination of protection with automatic circuit breakers. This chapter shows that, given the selectivity is not possible to deploy two or more reclosers (remotely-operated switches) to the core network management. The next chapter describes two representatives reclosers available on the Czech market OSM 27 and GVR 27. Chapter describes and compares their performance characteristics. Conclusion the work includes a proposal protected the lead in incorporating automatic circuit breakers (remotely operated circuit breakers and reclosers). The proposal is based on two different levels of annual number of interruptions and duration of annual general interruption of electricity supply. For these levels the company EGÚ Brno, a.s. proposed several variants of the use of remote-controlled in terms of reducing the cost of the penalty. Our task was to choose a variant that would be applicable in the real network. Reducing costs is feasible only in the limits Ln = 6 failures / year and Lt = 720 min / year, where the selected option No. 4. The limits Ln = 8 failures / year and Lt = 1,080 min / year, not in the real network may no option in terms of selectivity.
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Optimalization of Power Electric Engineering Processes by Genetic Algorithms
Paar, Martin ; Hradílek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Skala, Petr (referee) ; Toman, Petr (advisor)
Current trends in regulation of electricity supply continuity in the power engineering industry includes introduction of systems and customers standards. The electricity market liberalization in the European Union is speeded up the process furthermore. Companies included in the distribution network bussiness therefore began to be interested more in the evaluation of risks associated with the aplication of these standards. The aim of the thesis is to minimize the expenses caused by power losses of the distribution network by means of distribution network reconfiguration depending on the standard selection. For the minimization two of the Genetic algorithms was selected. As an criterion the overall expenses caused by power losses and the expenses caused by an electricity shortage. Furthermore the influence of the inclusion of the power loss to the calculation on the operation costs for given regulation standards. Two contemporary standards - finish and portugues - are considered together with three experimental standards. The aim of including experimental standards is to complete the regulation standards with parameters uncovered in the portuguese and finish standard. The results described in the thesis can be used in the distribution network optimization process from the point of reliability and operational costs.
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Possibilities of using multi - dimensional statistical analyses methods when evaluating reliability of distribution networks
Geschwinder, Lukáš ; Skala, Petr (referee) ; Blažek, Vladimír (advisor)
The aim of this study is evaluation of using multi-dimensional statistical analyses methods as a tool for simulations of reliability of distribution network. Prefered methods are a cluster analysis (CLU) and a principal component analysis (PCA). CLU is used for a division of objects on the basis of their signs and a calculation of the distance between objects into groups whose characteristics should be similar. The readout can reveal a secret structure in data. PCA is used for a location of a structure in signs of multi-dimensional matrix data. Signs present separate quantities describing the given object. PCA uses a dissolution of a primary matrix data to structural and noise matrix data. It concerns the transformation of primary matrix data into new grid system of principal components. New conversion data are called a score. Principal components generating orthogonal system of new position. Distribution network from the aspect of reliability can be characterized by a number of new statistical quantities. Reliability indicators might be: interruption numbers, interruption time. Integral reliability indicators might be: system average interruption frequency index (SAIFI) and system average interruption duration index (SAIDI). In conclusion, there is a comparison of performed SAIFI simulation according to negatively binomial division and provided values from a distribution company. It is performed a test at description of sign dependences and outlet divisions.
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Statistical evaluation of distribution supply continuity in given part of distribution network
Milka, Jiří ; Skala, Petr (referee) ; Blažek, Vladimír (advisor)
The thesis is focused on the statistical analysis of the continuity of power distribution in a specified part of the distribution network. Its aim is to explain the basic concepts and calculations in reliability distribution of electrical energy, which is an essential element for improving the quality of electricity supplied to end customers. The work is divided into two parts (theoretical part and a practical part), which are further divided into chapters and subchapters according to individual areas of focus. In the introduction the explains the aim and content of the of chapters work. You are also given a specific issue and its explanation. The conclusion summarizes the results of the practical part. The work is supplemented by annexes a list of images, tables, symbols and abbreviations that are used for better clarity and orientation.
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Nursing care of the patient after duodenopancreatectomy
Houlíková, Petra ; Holubová, Jana (advisor) ; Skála, Petr (referee)
The aim of my dissertation case study nursing patient care after duodenopancreatectomy. The theme I chose because I work at the clinic, which specializes in operational solutions tumors pancreas, and patients from the whole country. For the purpose of processing a case study I selected patients, Mrs. M.Č. (78 year), which was adopted at the surgical clinic University Hospital for a planned performance for pancreatic head tumor. The work consists of two parts - a clinical and nursing - divided into several chapters. The clinical part deals with anatomy and physiology of the pancreas abdominal pathology of tumors, their diagnosis, staging and treatment. Furthermore, present Basic data of patients, ie the identification data and medical history, date and reason for admission and place of hospitalization. Continuing medical history and diagnosis, during hospitalization, diagnostic, surgical and description the antiretroviral treatment. Nursing part is processed using the method of nursing Process. All information about patients, obtained from herself, her surroundings, from medical records and his own observation, I noticed the forms used in the Surgical Clinic in Prague Vinohrady Teaching Hospital (Annex 2). To the information gathered at 1 am postoperative day established nursing diagnosis, which I have...
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Nursing care of the patient after duodenopancreatectomy
Houlíková, Petra ; Holubová, Jana (advisor) ; Skála, Petr (referee)
The aim of my dissertation case study nursing patient care after duodenopancreatectomy. The theme I chose because I work at the clinic, which specializes in operational solutions tumors pancreas, and patients from the whole country. For the purpose of processing a case study I selected patients, Mrs. M.Č. (78 year), which was adopted at the surgical clinic University Hospital for a planned performance for pancreatic head tumor. The work consists of two parts - a clinical and nursing - divided into several chapters. The clinical part deals with anatomy and physiology of the pancreas abdominal pathology of tumors, their diagnosis, staging and treatment. Furthermore, present Basic data of patients, ie the identification data and medical history, date and reason for admission and place of hospitalization. Continuing medical history and diagnosis, during hospitalization, diagnostic, surgical and description the antiretroviral treatment. Nursing part is processed using the method of nursing Process. All information about patients, obtained from herself, her surroundings, from medical records and his own observation, I noticed the forms used in the Surgical Clinic in Prague Vinohrady Teaching Hospital (Annex 2). To the information gathered at 1 am postoperative day established nursing diagnosis, which I have...
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