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A survey of the eating habits of athletes focused on ball games.
MÍKOVÁ, Eliška
Proper eating habits and quality nutrition of sportsmen and sportswomen, who are focused on the ball games, remain often negleted although can play an important role in their sporting training. This work is aimed at summarization of available information concernig the optimal nutrition of sportsmen and sportswomen who activly play ball games. The aim of this work was evaluation of differences in eating habits of two groups of people - adults playing activly the ball games as football or volleyball and adults doing sport occasionaly or not al all. The survey was held in 2023 by nutritional questionnare (n=60). We studied eating habits of two groups of 30 respondents (individuals age 20-40, 15 men and 15 women) - sportsmen and sportswomen in one group and men and women of common population in the second one. The questionnare contained 27 questions, the first ones were focused on getting anthropometric parameters, the next ones on eating regimen and physical activities. At the group of sportsmen , higher consumption of alkohol and tobacco products was recorded. At the group of common population insufficient physical activity was revealed as well as overweight and obesity. Women of both groups consume vegetables more often than men. Men rank the snack in their daily menu significantly more often than women, sportsmen eat snack more often than men of common population (p <0,05). Men both groups consume fish meat more often than women (p <0,05). We found out that men and women playing ball games devote more time to sport activities than men and women of common population (p <0,05). Sportswomen drink the highest amount of sweet drinks /juice and tea/ whereas the lowes one the women of common population do (p <0,05). Any mistakes of eating habits of sportsmen and sportswomen as well as common population weren´t found, exept some lacks said above. Neverthless, it would be beneficial to consider diversity and balance of daily menu.
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Porovnání metabolického profilu u ovcí v závislosti na plemenné příslušnosti a věku
MÍKOVÁ, Eliška
Comparison of blood metabolic profile at sheep was the aim of my Bachelor Work. The breed and age were influenting factors. Hematological, biochemical and mineral parameters were followed. I recieved and evaluated blood samples of 13 females, 1 male and 20 lambs during 2021 - 19th April, 3rd May, 29th June and 22nd October. Getting results were compared with figures from world literature. No significant differences in physiological parameters were found at lambs of Suffolk and Šumavka breed whereas some light differences were found in number of leucocytes, lymphocytes and granulocytes. The changes of metabolic profile depend on the age of animals. Higher values in haemoglobin were measured in the collection on 22 October, leucocytes and urea, and thus seasonal effects were evident.
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Proportional and functional characteristics of particular neutrophil subpopulations in umbilical cord and peripheral blood
Miková, Eliška ; Hrdý, Jiří (advisor) ; Krulová, Magdaléna (referee)
Early postnatal period is characterised by generally immature phenotype of the newborn's immune system. The maturation of the immune system including setting appropriate regulatory responses is occurring during this period and encountering pioneering bacteria colonizing neonate plays an important role. In the early days after birth, the immune system of a newborn is very limited, and the adaptive part is mostly represented by antibodies transferred from the mother by cord blood (CB) in the womb and then by colostrum and mother's milk after labour. Therefore, innate immunity plays a key role in defence (against pathogens) in neonates and is largely represented by neutrophils. This study aims to better understand neutrophil biology and phenotype in umbilical CB, compared to neutrophils from peripheral blood (PB) of mothers and healthy non pregnant women (referred to as HC). The assessment of neutrophil phenotype based on surface markers was performed using flow cytometry. Expression of genes linked to antimicrobial function was measured using quantitative PCR. Functional properties of neutrophils, metabolic activity during activation and phagocytosis, and suppressive properties were assessed using the SeaHorse machine and flow cytometry, respectively. Here we confirm the presence of immature CD16low...
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The role of neutrophils in preeclampsia
Miková, Eliška ; Hrdý, Jiří (advisor) ; Grobárová, Valéria (referee)
Preeclampsia is currently one of the leading causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. Disease development is caused by multiple factors but the main trigger remains unknown. Preeclamptic placentas are defined by increased inflammatory environment. One of the first cells to enter the site of inflammation are neutrophils. Current studies uncover considerable heterogeneity of neutrophils which used to be considered as terminally differentiated population with a very limited plasticity. Disbalance in the proportional and functional properties of proinflammatory and immunosuppressive neutrophil subpopulations including myeloid derived suppressor cells can lead to severe pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia. Better understanding of the origin of abnormal neutrophil subpopulations and their role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia could help reveal possible targets for therapeutic intervention. Key words: neutrophil subpopulations, preeclampsia, NETosis, myeloid derived suppressor cells, myeloperoxidase, elastase, PD-L1, inflammation
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