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Therapeutic potential of Sertoli cells for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases
Djekić, Danijela ; Krylov, Vladimír (advisor) ; Fikarová, Natálie (referee)
Neurodegenerative diseases are widespread and their incidence is increasing worldwide. They become the main cause of incapacity for work and affect not only their carriers, but also their immediate surroundings. One of the causes of the development of these diseases is the inflammatory process. Sertoli cells are capable of locally and systemically inducing an anti- inflammatory response of the immune system, which has recently been used for allotransplantation of grafts of various origins. It is the anti-inflammatory nature of these cells that can be interesting for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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The Role of TRPV1 in Macrophage Activation and Polarisation
Fikarová, Natálie ; Krulová, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Frič, Jan (referee)
The ability to sense painful stimuli is essential to protect the body. Up to date, the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not completely understood; therefore, the treatment of chronic inflammatory pain remains challenging. The TRPV1 channel is one of the known nociceptors mediating the sensation of burning stimuli. Its agonist is capsaicin, the pungent compound of chilli peppers. This channel has been extensively studied in neurones; however, its function in immune cells is not well understood. Especially in macrophages, data regarding the role of TRPV1 in macrophage polarisation are often contradictory. Thus, further research in this area is desired to clarify the function of TRPV1 in immune cells. This diploma thesis aims to investigate the role of TRPV1 in macrophage polarisation during the inflammatory response. In this work, macrophages were stimulated with capsaicin prior to, after or concurrently with the application of LPS to determine the effect of TRPV1 activation on the inflammatory response. The involvement of MAP kinases in signalling after TRPV1 activation by capsaicin was addressed confirming that ERK 1/2 is part of the signalling cascade. Furthermore, this work proposes that activation of TRPV1 in the context of the LPS-induced inflammatory response could lead to the switch...
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Role of uncoupling protein UCP2 in immune cells
Fikarová, Natálie ; Krulová, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Bardová, Kristina (referee)
UCP2 is one of four discovered homologues of a well-known uncoupling protein UCP1 implicated in non-shivering thermogenesis. In contrast to UCP1, this particular homologue is ubiquitously expressed in many human tissues, where it performs a broader range of functions including uncoupling and specific transport of ions and metabolites. This work characterises UCP2, focusing on its activity in the cells of innate and adaptive immunity. To conclude, this work summarises the role of UCP2 in several diseases, such as Type 1 diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease and ulcerative colitis. Emphasis is put on the possible utilisation of this protein in the treatment of the above-mentioned diseases. Keywords: immune cells, uncoupling proteins, UCP2
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