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National Repository of Grey Literature 2 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Morphological and Immunohistochemical Analysis of Melanocytic Lesions
 Důra, Miroslav ; Dundr, Pavel (advisor) ; Mandys, Václav (referee) ; Pock, Lumír (referee)
This doctoral thesis deals with morphological and immunohistochemical analysis of melanocytic lesions. Melanoma is the most dangerous malignant skin tumor with its potential occurrence outside the skin. Its early diagnosis is the basic aspect of a favorable disease prognosis. Distant metastases development occurring several years after the initial diagnosis is a typical feature of melanoma. Histopathological differential diagnostics of melanocytic lesions is extremely difficult because of the diversity of melanocytic lesions. Contemporary research is focused on the identification of new surrogate markers based on immunohistochemistry or molecular genetics, which would be enable to estimate the behavior of a certain lesion and clarify the gray zone of melanocytic lesions of uncertain biological behavior. The doctoral thesis is focused on the immunohistochemical analysis of GLUT-1 protein expression in 400 cases of benign and malignant melanocytic lesions. Significant expression of this marker was identified in the group of melanomas, it was not identified in melanocytic nevi. Expression of GLUT-1 corresponded to the worse prognosis of the disease. The doctoral thesis also deals with the issue of TILs. The analysis of TILs (tumor infiltrating lymphocytes) in 213 melanomas compared the prognostic...
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Methods of Molecular Biology in Predictive Diagnostics of Her/neu in Stomach Cancer
 Důra, Miroslav ; Staněk, Libor (advisor) ; Gemperle, Jakub (referee)
Stomach cancer is a malignant neoplastic disease, which is caused by malignant transformation of the gastric mucosal epithelium. Elderly patients are more frequently affected, the majority of the patients are males. Stomach cancer has some typical features like minor symptomatology and early metastasis founding. Nowadays, a mild decrease of incidence is registered. Treatment of stomach cancer depends on its location and stage. Because of its relative chemo- and radioresistance, surgical resection is the only one potentially curable method, although there is high number of recurrences. An amplification and overexpression of HER2 receptor is detected in approximately 10 - 20 % patients with stomach cancer. This overexpression correlates with worse prognosis of disease. Treatment with a monoclonal antibody named trastuzumab, Herceptin® could significantly elongate their life. Trastuzumab is now widely and successfully used for the treatment of female patients with breast carcinoma. Detection of HER2 amplification is there needed. Treatment with trastuzumab can be useful only when HER2 positivity of tumor is determined. This determination should be made by a reliable test with sufficient sensitivity and specificity. The aim of this work is to summarize the methods of molecular biology that are used in...
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