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The Role of MicroRNAs in the Progression of Cardiovascular Diseases
Černá, Václava ; Pešta, Martin (advisor) ; Vítovec, Jiří (referee) ; Chottová Dvořáková, Magdaléna (referee)
Current applied research of microRNA molecules is focused on the identification of their roles in the pathogenesis of various types of diseases, including cardiovascular (CV), with the assumption of their use as biomarkers or treatment targets. Cardiovascular diseases have a high incidence and prevalence in the population, are predominantly chronic, and are also a leading cause of hospitalization and death, and therefore represent a major burden on patients and the health system. Many metabolic parameters are currently used in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular risk assessment, mostly proteins and lipids, while parameters from the group of nucleic acids, whether in the form of mutations in DNA molecules, or various RNA molecules, are very limited so far. Despite the undeniable importance and contribution of metabolic biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases, these markers still do not allow effective identification of all patients at high risk, and therefore additional molecules are being sought that could contribute to the accuracy of this identification. Finding other potential diagnostic and prognostic markers to contribute to the more precise CV risk assessment, and subsequently also to the more effective treatment of patients at high risk,...
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Study of morphological and functional alternations of autonomic cardiac and vessels innervation and its causes in chronic diseases
Mistrová, Eliška ; Chottová Dvořáková, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Vančura, Vlastimil (referee) ; Adamcová, Michaela (referee)
Within the span of few decades, there has been a significant increase in diabetes mellitus and chronic stress in developed countries, such as the Czech Republic. These conditions have a significant negative effect on physical and mental health. Repeated and long-term exposure to raised levels of glucose, overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system and the increase in plasma levels of stress hormones affects most of the organs in the body, including the heart. The cardiovascular system is regulated by a broad number of neurotransmitters, hormones and neuropeptides. Alterations in the innervation of the cardiovascular system, as a result of both diseases, can affect its physiological functions. The present thesis focuses not only on the role of the classic, but primarily on the peptidergic innervation of the heart. The aim was to contribute to the explanation of the impact of neuropeptides and their shared receptor systems on the genesis and the development of heart damage due to diabetes mellitus and/or exposure to stressors. Knowledge of the physiological characteristics of neuropeptides and their involvement in the pathogenesis of both diseases and related complications could be helpful in determining the optimal treatment method or alternatively allow us to use the cardio protective effect of...
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Study of morphological and functional alternations of autonomic cardiac and vessels innervation and its causes in chronic diseases
Mistrová, Eliška ; Chottová Dvořáková, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Vančura, Vlastimil (referee) ; Adamcová, Michaela (referee)
Within the span of few decades, there has been a significant increase in diabetes mellitus and chronic stress in developed countries, such as the Czech Republic. These conditions have a significant negative effect on physical and mental health. Repeated and long-term exposure to raised levels of glucose, overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system and the increase in plasma levels of stress hormones affects most of the organs in the body, including the heart. The cardiovascular system is regulated by a broad number of neurotransmitters, hormones and neuropeptides. Alterations in the innervation of the cardiovascular system, as a result of both diseases, can affect its physiological functions. The present thesis focuses not only on the role of the classic, but primarily on the peptidergic innervation of the heart. The aim was to contribute to the explanation of the impact of neuropeptides and their shared receptor systems on the genesis and the development of heart damage due to diabetes mellitus and/or exposure to stressors. Knowledge of the physiological characteristics of neuropeptides and their involvement in the pathogenesis of both diseases and related complications could be helpful in determining the optimal treatment method or alternatively allow us to use the cardio protective effect of...
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