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Physiological prerequisites for breastfeeding preterm neonates
Dvořáková, Martina ; Zlatohlávková, Blanka (advisor) ; Burianová, Iva (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the physiological prerequisites of breastfeeding in premature newborns. Breastfeeding premature infants presents significant challenges due to physiological, neurological, and developmental limitations that affect their ability to suck, swallow and breathe effectively. My main aim was to determine when infants admitted to the intensive care unit and intermediate care unit reach breastfeeding milestones. Important milestones observed include first nonnutritive sucking, first nutritive sucking and archieving full oral intake. I also investigated the type of nutrition with which infants are discharged from hospital. My thesis was divided into theoretical and practical parts. In the theoretical part I discuss the importance of breast milk and breastfeeding for premature infants, the development of sucking, the development of swallowing, and the development of breathing. I also address the coordination of sucking, swallowing and breathing. I also address the transition from tube feeding to oral nutrition. I described the work of a lactation consultant. In the practical part I have processed data of 26 hospitalized preterm infants. These infants archieved on average the first nonnutritive suck at 31+4 GA (range of values 30+0 to 33+5). The infants managed the first...
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Quantification of macronutrients in human milk after premature birth depending on the gestational and postnatal age of infant
Burianová, Iva ; Bronský, Jiří (advisor) ; Kokštein, Zdeněk (referee) ; Dvořáková, Hana Marie (referee)
(jednostránkový souhrn) v angličtině Growth restriction of premature newborns is a serious complication for the further development of the infant. It is not yet definitely clear to which extent it is associated with the low content of certain macronutrients of human milk. Maternal characteristics may be connected with human milk macronutrients, but no definite conclusions have been made to date. This study aimed to evaluate the content of macronutrients in human milk samples after preterm delivery during the first 9 weeks of lactation and determine the relationship of maternal-associated factors on the content of macronutrients in human milk after preterm delivery. Milk samples were collected from mothers after premature birth between 24+0-35+6 weeks. Macronutrients and energy content were analyzed by mid-infrared transmission spectroscopy. A total 1917 human milk samples from were analyzed. Median of protein content decreased from 1.6 g/dL in group A and 1.5 g/dL in group B in the first week of life, to 1.1 g/dL in both groups at the end of week 3, and then remained stable up to week 9. Content of carbohydrates and fat was stable during the whole observation, with interindividual differences. Similarly to colostrum, higher protein content and lower carbohydrates content were observed in...
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Swimming education of handicapped people
Buriánová, Iva ; Čechovská, Irena (advisor) ; Peslová, Eva (referee)
The Title: Swimming education of handicaped people The Objectives: The objective is to propose and verify the conception of integration for people, who are insufficiently motoric disposed, suffer from specific development disturbance of learning, suffer from ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperaktivity Disorder) syndrome or coordination disturbance of younger school age, for ordinary basic swimming education. The Method: The nature of my work allows me to use an analysis of technical literature, method of testing, method of observance, method of interview, synthesis of practical and also theoretical knowledge, which I have gained during my working experience with children. The Results: The results show the possible ways how to integrate children with the diagnose of the specific development disturbance of learning, with ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperaktivity Disorder) syndrome or with the children who suffer from the development disturbance of coordination in younger school age into the ordinary basic education. Also the results record the adopt methods of basic swimming skills. Key words: Movement skills, movement abilities, movement indisposition, integration, specific disturbance of learning, ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyperaktivity Disorder) syndrome, development disturbance of coordination, didactics of...
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