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Mythical and fairy-tale creatures in Hungarian folk tales
Adamovský, Vít ; Kolmanová, Simona (advisor) ; Mészáros, Andor (referee)
The presented diploma thesis describes the dominant figures of Hungarian pagan mythology, who have organically transformed over time into protagonists of the genres of folk epics, in this case folk tales and fairy tales. The first part of the thesis is devoted to supernatural beings whose origins are to be sought in the imaginations and superstitions of the simple village folk. These were mainly concerned with rudimentary explanations of natural, meteorological and astronomical phenomena or diseases and problems, which were accompanied in the minds of the people by fear of the unknown or the unusual, and which they could not reasonably understand with their then knowledge of the processes of the world. For each of the supernatural figures, a characterization is made on the basis of the ethnographic literature and then their specific occurrence is illustrated with examples from folk tales and fairy tales. The second part deals with historical figures of the pre-Christian period of Hungarian history, around whom a rich narrative tradition has also developed. The additional part of the work consists in creating the likeness of these characters by means of an artificial intelligence-based image generator, since their depictions have not survived due to the absence of written sources and suitable...
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Hungarian shamanism and its elements in Hungarian folk tales
Adamovský, Vít ; Kolmanová, Simona (advisor) ; Mészáros, Andor (referee)
The presented bachelor thesis maps the phenomenon of Hungarian shamanism and then analyzes its elements in Hungarian folk tales. According to ethnographers of the 19th and 20th centuries, the ancient tradition of shamanism reached the territory of the former Hungary from the Siberian region, where the Hungarian ethnic group comes from. The central figure of the reconstructed Hungarian shamanism is considered to be the táltos, who, following the example of Siberian shamans, was to play the role of a healer, seer, spiritual leader, and a mediator between the human world, heaven, and the underworld in the society of that time. However, this concept is criticized by contemporary ethnographers, and the presence of a relic of Siberian shamanism in Europe is questioned. Nevertheless, these ideas occupy a firm place in Hungarian culture and mythology. The first chapter thematizes Siberian shamanism, which, unlike the Hungarian one, is documented in detail. The second part of my research describes a journey of the Hungarian ethnic group from the Finno-Ugric homeland, which is followed by a chapter devoted to problematic Hungarian shamanism of which fragments have been preserved in the folk culture, more precisely oral folk literature. The practical part of this bachelor thesis is based on the...
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