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Study of the DNA recombination mechanisms in plants
Kozák, Jaroslav ; Angelis, Karel (advisor) ; Široký, Jiří (referee) ; Říha, Karel (referee)
DNA double-strand break (DSB) is a dangerous type of DNA damage, but it also serves in controlled increase of genetic variability. The two major DSB repair pathways are homologous recombination (HR) using homologous sequences and non- homologous end joining (C-NHEJ). Two model plants Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) and the moss Physcomitrella patens (Physcomitrella) differ in DSB repair strategies. Arabidopsis uses C-NHEJ, however Physcomitrella prefers HR. These plant models are compared on the basis of measurement of DSB and single strand breaks (SSB) repair by comet assay. The half-life of the first rapid phase of the DSB repair is about 5 minutes in both plant species. Although the C-NHEJ is considered as the main DSB repair pathway in Arabidopsis, rapid repair is independent of AtLIG4 and AtKu80, suggesting the existence of the effective backup non-homologous repair pathways (A-NHEJ). In Physcomitrella, the rapid DBS repair dominates in mitotically active cells and is also independent of PpLIG4. Conversely, PpLIG4 is surprisingly involved in the repair of the DNA alkylation damage. An essential DNA ligase of the rapid DSB repair pathway in Arabidopsis is the replication ligase AtLIG1, which is also responsible for the alkylation DNA damage repair, and thus represents a functional homolog of...
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Project Management of the SQA Competence Centre
Široký, Jiří ; Buchalcevová, Alena (advisor) ; Říhová, Zora (referee)
This thesis describes the design and application of the methodology for project management of the Software Quality Assurance Competence Centre. In short theoretical introduction the thesis mentions the basic concepts associated with project management, including several examples of methodologies for project management. Then the thesis introduces the concept of Competence Centers at the University of Economics, Prague and identifies the specifics of the SQA Competence Centre's projects, or the specifics of managing these projects. Theses specific serve as a basis for design of the methodology for project management of the SQA Competence Centre, which consists of seven dimensions that cover various areas of project management. A crucial part of this methodology can be considered a project lifecycle model and process model of project management of the SQA Competence Centre. The methodology is then applied to the project management of the Integrated Testing Tools. Application of the designed methodology made this project and its management more transparent and efficient. This usage of the methodology also highlighted the importance of project manager's ability to motivate project team members. The main outcome of the thesis is designed and proven methodology for project management of the SQA Competence Centre with possible application in projects other Competence Centers operating at universities.
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Structure and evolution of plant sex chromosomes: The use of BAC library
Kejnovský, Eduard ; Lengerová, Martina ; Hobza, Roman ; Široký, Jiří ; Vyskot, Boris
Sex chromosomes of plant species Silene latifolia are the ideal model for evolutionary biology studies because they represent early stages of X and Y chromosomes history. We used fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones in studies of chromosome structure to demonstrate that a majority of genes are located in subtelomeric regions of all chromosomes. Our results also indicate the absence of accumulation of main classes of repetitive sequences - retroelements and centromeric tandem repeats - in non-recombining parts of the sex chromosomes.
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