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How does mycorrhiza protect the plant against phytoparasitic nematode Meloidogyne incognita?
Novák, Václav ; Janoušková, Martina (advisor) ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee)
The nematode species Meloidogyne incognita is an important plant endoparasite. The infectious developmental stage infects plant roots in the soil to form pathological morphological formations - galls. The most widely used means of protecting crops from nematode infestation are chemical agents, nematocides. However, in order to reduce the negative impact on the environment, emphasis is being placed on finding new, sustainable solutions to combat the parasites. One of these could be to exploit the benefits of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM), which include increased protection of plants against biotic stresses. This may be due, in addition to improved nutrient availability (especially phosphorus), to the induction of a systemic defence response, or to the interaction of AM fungi with other organisms in the rhizosphere. The main objective of this study was to describe the effect of AM on the resistance of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) to root parasite, the nematode Meloidogyne incognita. In three containerized greenhouse experiment the following was tested 1) the nutrient conditions for tomato cultivation with mycorrhiza, then 2) the effect of nematodes on growth and nutrient uptake by experimental plants, the interaction between nematodes and AM fungi in the root system, and 3) the effect of root...
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Reconstitution of lymphocytes after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation
Zmij, Patrik ; Souček, Ondřej (advisor) ; Řezáčová, Vladimíra (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Author: Bc. Patrik Zmij Supervisor: RNDr. Ondřej Souček, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Lymphocyte reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the most effective treatment option for patients with hematologic malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome, or the rarer myelosarcoma. After a successful transplantation, the immune system cells are regenerated, and this master's thesis focuses on one aspect of that process: lymphocyte reconstitution. The experimental part of the study involved patients who underwent allogeneic transplantation of blood- forming cells based on their unfavorable diagnosis. These patients were then monitored for one year at the Institute of Clinical Immunology and Allergology at the Faculty Hospital in Hradec Králové. Observations were conducted at three months and continued until the end of the first year, using flow cytometry as the method of assessment. By analyzing diverse surface markers on selected immune cells, it was possible to track patients with hematologic malignancies and observe the subsequent course of lymphocyte reconstitution after allogeneic...
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Monitoring the properties of phase change materials (PCMs) over time
Šikutová, Eva ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (referee) ; Řezáčová, Veronika (advisor)
The bachelor's thesis deals with monitoring the properties of phase change materials (PCMs, Phase Change Materials) over time. The theoretical block is divided into two parts. The first part focuses on the characteristics of these materials, their preparation and use in various industries. The second part presents methods for measuring the properties of PCMs samples. In the experimental part of this work, PCMs with a known defined history were analyzed by the method of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the obtained results were then processed and evaluated.
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Analysis of perfluorinated alkyl compounds in environmental matrices
Šimáková, Anna Marie ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Mravcová, Ludmila (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the still topical issue of perfluorinated and polyfluorinated substances in the aquatic environment. In the theoretical part, the production and use of PFASs, which has led to the spread of these pollutants into the environment, is first addressed. Then, their behaviour in the environment is presented, which, due to their properties, results in their persistence in the environment, their ability to accumulate in living organisms and, in the case of decomposition, the possibility of even worse impacts. Exposure can result in carcinogens, hormonal changes and various types of toxicity in living organisms. The theoretical part concludes with methods for possible extraction from different matrices and detection by a suitable analytical method. The experimental part deals with the optimization of parameters for the method of determination and extraction of perfluorinated and polyfluorinated substances from water. All parameters were optimized to achieve the highest possible recoveries with acceptable repeatability and to achieve the lowest possible limits of detection and quantification.
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The separation of microplastics from environmental matrices
Pařízková, Mia Victoria ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Doležalová Weissmannová, Helena (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with methods of separation microplastics from soil and the follow up application of quantitative methods of gravimetry, ATR-FTIR and Py-GC/MS. Samples containing model soil and PET or PLA microplastics of different concentrations were prepared. These samples were separated using potassium carbonate solution of known density. The effectivity of separation was measured by gravimetry. The samples were also analysed using ATR-FTIR and Py-GC/MS methods the results of which were compared by correlation coefficients. It was found that ATR-FTIR is a more suitable method, thus it was used for analysis of prepared samples of ten different real soils and PET or PLA microplastics.
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Detached house in Opatovice
Řezáčová, Veronika ; Jelínek, Petr (referee) ; Dohnal, Jakub (advisor)
The aim of this bachelor’s thesis is to develop a documentation for building permit of a new-build single-family house. First part of this thesis focuses on architectural and structural design of detached house with separate garage. This part also contains building physics assessment and fire safety assessment. The house has a rectangular shape, two-storeys and it is roofed with a gable roof. On the ground floor, there is a wind lobby, a utility room, a hall with a staircase, a study, a small storage, a living room connected with a kitchen, a bathroom and a toilet. On the first floor, there is one master bedroom with a walk-in wardrobe, a bathroom and three children’s bedrooms. The structural system is designed as masonry composed of sand-lime blocks, external walls are insulated with EPS. Foundations and floor structure are designed as the cast-in-place reinforced concrete slabs and the roof structure is made of prefabricated elements. Second part contains the concepts of building services design and a documentation for building permit for the heating system. The main source of heat is an air-water heat pump. Domestic hot water is also heated by solar panels and the house is heated by floor heating. Ventilation is ensured by a mechanical ventilation unit with heat recovery. Rainwater will be collected in a storage tank and used for watering the garden. An energy performance certificate of the building is also included.
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Thermal properties of bio-materials for heat accumulation during phase transformations
Dvorská, Adéla ; Mravcová, Ludmila (referee) ; Řezáčová, Veronika (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the study of the thermal properties of natural substances that may exhibit phase change material (bio-PCMs) characteristics and could be used in construction. The aim of this thesis is to conduct literature research on materials with the potential for heat accumulation during phase changes, analyse selected bio-materials using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and comprehensively process and evaluate the obtained results. In the experimental part of this thesis, a total of 23 substances were analysed. Based on the DSC analysis results, potentially suitable bio-PCMs were selected. These materials were further studied in terms of their response to changes in temperature conditions and their short-term stability.
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Study of the content of heavy metals in the tissues of wild animals
Stoček, Michal ; Řezáčová, Veronika (referee) ; Komendová, Renata (advisor)
In the Ženklava hunting ground, tissues of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus L.), wild boar (Sus scrofa) and European mouflon (Ovis aries musimon) were analysed. Samples were taken from liver, kidney and muscle. The samples were digested in a mixture of nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide by microwave irradiation and subsequently analysed by ET-AAS techniques (Pb, Cd, Cu), F-AAS (Zn) and AMA (Hg). The concentrations found by the analysis of each element were
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