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Development of problems of area planning from the point of view public health protection authority
Dostalová, Jana ; Švarcová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Rödlová, Sylva (referee)
In my thesis I have decided to perform an analysis of issues relevant to the development of zoning and territorial planning from the perspective of a public health protection authority. I think it is important to point out that the legally established approach used to define "supervision" was different in 2000, when the relevant legislation applicable to health protection regulated specific areas of supervision than Act No. 258/2000 Coll., which is currently in force and which determines health risk evaluation process. A part of my work explains the relationship between the evaluation of impacts on sustainable development of the relevant area, the assessment of environmental impacts and assessment of impacts on public health, which are principles that need to be taken into consideration when performing zoning and territorial planning. The current legislative amendment enforced by the Building Act together with the health risk assessment principle (and related evaluation of impacts on public health), provides consistent protection of public interests during zoning and territorial planning. These are activities and measures necessary for the creation and protection of healthy living conditions. The approach of public health authorities towards the implementation of opinions and ideas in terms of...
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Water quality change in small watersheds after sewage water treatment plant building
Rödlová, Sylva
A water quality change in the small streams caused by the sewage water treatment plant (SWTP) is a quite undescribed situation. This study is focused on the water quality change and its influencing factors. Five small, mostly agricultural watersheds with average area of 6 km2 (one of the watersheds 16 km2) were chosen. There was one village on every first-order stream area with 640 - 2 500 inhabitants. During 7-16 years of monitoring these indicators were monthly measured: dissolved oxygen, BOD5, COD, TOC, conductivity, N-NH4, N-NO2, N-NO3, PT, P-PO4. During the monitoring SWTPs have been built in the experimental watersheds. Some of water quality changes were identified with SWTP effectiveness data. The described changes could outline the future water quality trends and they could also indicate a possible need of further improving steps. The quick and obvious pollution reduction was observed. Among other noticed change belongs: slower and small reduction, stagnation and even the increase of some indicators. The other typical effect is a short increase before building SWTP as well as a delayed nitrification in stream caused by the incorrect SWTP operation. The most relevant factors which influences these recognized changes are: SWTP operation, recipient stream flow rate, agricultural land use, sewage water...
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Water quality change in small watersheds after sewage water treatment plant building
Rödlová, Sylva ; Langhammer, Jakub (advisor) ; Kvítek, Tomáš (referee) ; Pechar, Libor (referee)
Změny kvality vody v malých tocích, vyvolané vybudováním čistírny odpadních vod, představují doposud málo studované a přitom velmi aktuální téma současné hydrologie. Tato studie se zabývá popsáním těchto změn a faktorů, které je ovlivňují. Pro účely výzkumu bylo vybráno pět malých, zemědělsky využívaných povodí prvního řádu (čtyři povodí průměrně 6 km2 , jedno 16 km2 ). V každém zájmovém území byla vždy jedna vesnice od 640 do 2 500 obyvatel. Během 7 - 16 let trvajícího měsíčního monitoringu základních indikátorů kvality vody (O2, BSK5, CHSKCr, TOC, konduktivita, N-NH4, N-NO2, N-NO3, PC, P-PO4) byla zachycena stavba čistíren v obcích. Spolu s daty o účinnosti čistíren byly vyhodnoceny změny kvality vody v toku. Identifikované typy změn ukazují na problematické aspekty vývoje kvality vody v malých povodích. Kromě očekávaného rychlého a razantního snížení hodnot zátěže po výstavbě čistírny odpadních vod se vyskytují i odlišné projevy změn - pouze mírné snížení zátěže, stagnace, dokonce i zvýšení koncentrací sledovaných indikátorů. Mezi další typické změny patří navýšení hodnot 1-2 roky před uvedením čistírny do provozu a opožděná nitrifikace v toku způsobená nevhodným provozem čistírny. Mezi nejdůležitější faktory ovlivňující změny patří provoz čistírny, velikost průtoku recipientu, zemědělské...
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